10 Imigaqo ye-3D Printing Excerpt

Ingqungquthela evela kwi "Yigqabileyo: Ihlabathi elitsha lokuprinta i-3D"

Kungekude kakhulu ndifumene i-imeyli endibuza ukuba ngaba ndingathanda ukuhlaziya i- Fabricated: Ihlabathi elitsha lokuprinta i-3D , elibhalwa ngumphandi waseConell uHod Lipson kunye nomhlalutyi wezobuchwepheshe uMelba Kurman. Isihloko sakutshanje esivela kwiWiley Publishing siquka imbali kunye nekamva lokuvelisa okongeziweyo, okanye ukushicilelwa kwe-3D njengoko iteknoloji iyaziwa ngekholoji.

Kanye kunye nekhompyutheni yebhuku bangithumelele ingqungquthela, eyayiququzelele ngokugqibeleleyo yonke inguqulelo yokushicilela i-3D, ukuba ndiyeke into endiyenzayo ukuqala ukufunda ukufunda kwi- Fabricated kwangoko kwaye.

Ababhali beTekiti baye bajikeleza ukushicilelwa kwe-3D ukususela ekuqaleni:

Amava abo nolwazi kwi-niche yokwenza i-additive ibonakala ngokukhawuleza, kwaye le ncwadi ivula ngegama elichazayo elichaza ikusasa eliqaqambileyo apho ukushicilelwa kwe-3D kuye kwagxininiswa kakhulu ebomini bethu. Kuyamangalisa kunye nokukhuthaza, kwaye ifundeka njengezinto ezilungileyo zenzululwazi. Nangona kunjalo ukushicilelwa kwe-3D, abalobi bavuma ngokuthe ngqo, akuyiyo into engamanga. Sekube yinto ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa amancinci, kwaye indima yayo ikhula kuphela.

Ufumana ingqiqo yokuba ixa elizayo i-Lipson ne-Kurman ichaza kakuhle kwindawo ekhoyo. Ezinye zezinto ezikhazimulayo abazithethayo, njengezitho eziprintiweyo ze-bio, okanye iimpendulo zokutya zisemashumi eminyaka kude, zikhona kuphela ekugqibeleni. Kodwa ezinye izinto, ukunyuka kokuveliswa kwe-nimble kunye nokutshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza, umzekelo, okwenzekayo phambi kwamehlo ethu.

Ndinike imvume yokushicilela ingqungquthela ukusuka kwiphepha lokuqala leMveliso .

Ekubeni yinto ekhangeleka ngayo loo nto yokushicilelwa kwe-3D ekugqibeleni ingathetha ihlabathi, ndicinga ukuba nabani na abanomdla kwi-teknoloji baya kuyifumana. Ndiya kugcina nayiphi na enye imibono kwincwadi ngokwayo ngoku-siza kuhlaziywa ngokugcwele kamva kule nyanga.

Nantsi inkcazo:

Iinqununu ezilishumi zokuprinta i-3D

Ukuxela kwangaphambili i-crapshoot. Xa sasibhala le ncwadi kwaye sixoxisana nabantu malunga nokushicilelwa kwe-3D, safumanisa ukuba "imigaqo" engaphantsi kwayo iqhubeka iphakama. Abantu abavela kumashishini abanzi kunye ahlukahlukeneyo kunye nemigangatho yobugcisa bachaza iindlela ezifanayo zokunyathelisa i-3D babancedise ukuba badlule iindleko eziphambili, ixesha kunye nezithintelo eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Sishwankathe esikufundileyo. Nazi imigaqo eyishumi yokushicilelwa kwe-3D sinethemba lokuba kuya kunceda abantu kunye namashishini basebenzise ngokupheleleyo ubuchwephesha bokuprinta i-3D:

• Inqununu enye: Ukwenziwa kobunzima kwintengiso. Kwimveliso yendabuko, ubunzima bomntu obunzima kakhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kwenziwe. Kwi-printer ye-3D, iindleko eziyinkimbinkimbi zifana nokulula. Ukufakela ubungqina obuhle kwaye bunzima akudingi ixesha elingaphezulu, ubuchule, okanye indleko kunokushicilela ibloko elula. Ukukhwabanisa okukhululekile kuya kuphazamisa imizekelo yemveli kunye nokutshintsha indlela esibala ngayo ixabiso lezinto zokuvelisa.

• Inqununu ezimbini: Ukuhlukahluka kukhululekile. Umshicileli omnye we-3D unokuyenza imilo emininzi. Njengomsebenzi woluntu, umshicileli we-3D unokudala umlo ohlukeneyo ngexesha ngalinye. Oomatshini bokukhiqiza bendabuko abanamathele kakhulu kwaye banokukwenza kuphela izinto ezinobunzima bobunjwa. Ukushicilelwa kwe-3D kususa iindleko zeentloko ezongezelelekileyo ezinxulumene nokuqeqeshelwa kwakhona ii-machinists zabantu okanye i-re-tooling factory machines. Umshicileli omnye we-3D ufuna kuphela iprogram yedijithali eyahlukileyo kunye ne-batch entsha yezinto ezibonakalayo.

• Iinqununu ezintathu: Akukho nhlangano efunekayo. Iifom zokushicilela ze-3D zingaphiweyo. Ukuveliswa kweMisa kwakhiwe emgceni wecala lomhlangano. Kwiimveliso zanamhlanje, oomatshini benza izinto ezifanayo eziza kuhlanganiswa ngamarobhothi okanye abasebenzi baseburhulumenteni, ngamanye amaxesha amazwekazi akhona. Ingxenye ezininzi umkhiqizo uqulethe, kuthatha ixesha elide ukuqokelela kwaye kubiza ngakumbi. Ngokwenza izinto kwiindawo, umshicileli we-3D unokuphrinta umnyango kunye neengqungquthela zokungenelela ezixhunyiwe ngexesha elinye, akukho nhlangano efunekayo. Isibano esincinci siza kufutshane iintambo zokunikezela, ukugcina imali kubasebenzi kunye nokuthutha; iinqwelo ezifutshane ziza kuba zingcolileyo.

• Iinqununu ezine: Zero ixesha elikhokelayo. Umshicileli we-3D unokushicilela kwimfuno xa kukho into efunekayo. Umthamo wobugcisa be-spot-spot uyanciphisa imfuneko yokuba iinkampani zigcine izinto zokugcina izinto. Iinkonzo ezintsha zeenkonzo zoshishino zinokwenzeka ukuba iimprinta ze-3D zenza ukuba ishishini lenze izinto ezizodwa-okanye izithethe - ngokufunwa kwimpendulo kumyalelo amakhasimende. Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha lokuhamba nge-Zero kunokunciphisa iindleko zokuthumela umgama omde ukuba iimpahla eziprintiweyo zenziwe xa zifuneka kwaye zifuphi apho zifuneka khona.

• Iinqununu ezintlanu: Indawo yokuyila elingenamkhawulo. Ubuchwephesha bokukhiqiza bemveli kunye nabenzi bobugcisa banokwenza kuphela impepha yokugqibela. Umthamo wethu wokwenza imilo iyancitshiswa zizixhobo ezikhoyo kuthi. Ngokomzekelo, i-lathe yemveli ingenza izinto ezijikelezayo kuphela. Igalelo lenza iindawo kuphela ezinokufumaneka ngethuluzi lokugaya. Umshini wokubumba unokwenza kuphela imilo engathululelwa kuyo ize ikhutshwe kwi-mold. Umshicileli we-3D uyasusa ezi zithintelo, ukuvula iindawo ezintsha zokuyila. Umshicileli unokwenza imilo ibe kude kube ngoku yenzeke kuphela kwimvelo.

• Inqununu yesithandathu: Ukuveliswa kwezakhono zero. Abaqeqeshi bezobugcisa njengezakhono zabafundi beeminyaka ukuze bafumane izakhono abazifunayo. Ukuveliswa kweMisa kunye noomatshini bokuvelisa ikhompuyutha kunciphisa imfuno yokuvelisa abanekhono. Nangona kunjalo oomatshini benzi bemveli basasafuna ingcali enezakhono ukulungelelanisa nokuyilungisa. Umshicileli we-3D ufumana uninzi lwaso lukhokelo kwifayile yoyilo. Ukwenza into efana neyinkimbinkimbi, iphrinta ye-3D idinga ulwazi lwe-opharetha ngaphantsi kunelo mshini wokubumba. Ukuveliswa okungekho mveliso kuvulwa amanqaku omsebenzi omtsha kwaye kunokunikela ngeendlela ezintsha zokuvelisa abantu kwiindawo ezikude okanye kwiimeko ezimbi.

• Iinqununu ezisixhenxe: Imveliso ehambelanayo, ephathekayo. Ngomthamo wendawo yokuvelisa, umshicileli we-3D unamandla amakhulu okuvelisa kunomshini wokwenza umdabu. Ngokomzekelo, umatshini wokubumba umjola unokwenza izinto zibe ziincinci kuncinci. Ngokwahlukileyo, umshicileli we-3D angenza izinto ezinkulu njengobhedu bokuprinta. Ukuba umshicileli we-3D ulungiswe ukuze iifayili zayo zokushicilela zikwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululekile, umshicileli we-3D angazenzela izinto ezinkulu kunokuba. Umgangatho ophezulu wokuvelisa ngeenyawo zesikwele wenza ukuba iiprinta ze-3D zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwekhaya okanye ukusetyenziswa kweofisi kuba zibonelela ngesinyanzelo esincinci.

• Inqununu yesibhozo: Imveliso engaphantsi kwemveliso. Abashicileli be-3D abasebenza kwisinyithi bakha inkunkuma engaphantsi kwemveliso ngaphandle kokwenza ubugcisa bendabuko bendabuko. Ukutshintshwa kwensimbi kuyonakalisa kakhulu njengoko iqikelelo elingama-90 ekhulwini lensimbi yokuqala liphela kwaye liphela kumgangatho wefektri. Ukushicilelwa kwe-3D kungenakucingeka ekuveliseni izitye. Njengoko ukushicilela izinto kukuphucula, "Ukuma ngokukodwa" kukuvelisa indlela engcono yokwenza izinto.

• Inqununu yesithoba: i-Infinite shades yezixhobo. Ukudibanisa izinto eziluhlaza ezahlukeneyo kwimveliso enye kunzima ukusebenzisa oomatshini bokwenza namhlanje. Ekubeni uomatshini bokuvelisa umdabu, ukusika, okanye ukubunjwa kwezinto, ezi nkqubo azikwazi ukudibanisa kalula izinto eziphathekayo ezahlukeneyo. Njengoko iimveliso ezininzi ze-3D zipapashwa, siya kufumana amandla okudibanisa kunye nokudibanisa izinto ezahlukileyo. Izinto ezintsha ezange zifikeleleke ezingenakufikeleleka zinikezela ngathi i-palette enkulu kakhulu, engabonakaliyo yezinto eziphathekayo kunye neempawu zendlela yokuziphatha.

• Iinqununu eziyishumi: Ukuziphendulela ngokwenyama. Ifayile yomculo yedijithali inokukhishwa ngokungapheliyo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa komgangatho olalelwayo. Kwixesha elizayo, ukushicilelwa kwe-3D kuya kwandisa ukuchaneka kwedijithali kwihlabathi lezinto eziphathekayo. Ukukhangela iteknoloji kunye nokushicilelwa kwe-3D kuya kubambisana kunye nokwenza isisombululo esiphezulu se-shapeshifting phakathi kwehlabathi lezendalo kunye neyedijithali. Siza kuhlola, ukuhlela, nokuphinda izinto eziphathekayo ukudala imifanekiso ecacileyo okanye ukuphucula kwi-original.

Eminye yale migaqo sele ibambelele ngokwenene namhlanje. Amanye aya kuzaliseka kwiminyaka elishumi okanye ezayo (okanye emithathu). Ngokususa iimeko eziqhelekileyo zokubumba, ukunyathelisa i-3D kubeka isiteji sokusasazwa kwezinto ezintsha. Kwizahluko ezilandelayo sihlola indlela ubuchwephesha bokushicilela be-3D buya kutshintsha ngayo indlela esisebenza ngayo, sidle, siphilise, sifunde, sidale kwaye sidlale. Masiqale ngokutyelela kwihlabathi lokuvelisa kunye nokuyila, apho ubuchwephesha bokushicilela i-3D luyanciphisa ubuncwane boqoqosho lwezinga.

Umbhali Bios:

Ababhali be-Cood Hod Lipson noMelba Kurman bakhokela iingcali ngokuprinta kwe-3D, ukuthetha rhoqo nokucebisa ngale teknoloji kwi-industry, academia kunye noorhulumente. Ibhodi yeLimpson kwiYunivesithi yaseConell iye yaphayona uphando olwenziwe ngamanye amazwe ekunyatheliseni kwe-3D, ukuveliswa kwemveliso, ukukhangela kweengcinga kunye nezinto zokusebenza ezifanelekileyo. UKurman ngumcebisi wezobuchwepheshe kunye nomcebisi weqhinga loshishino obhala malunga nobuchwepheshe bokutshintsha umdlalo kwiiluc, ulwimi olubandakanyekayo.

Ngolwazi olungakumbi nceda uvakalise iWiley Publishing.

Ukugqitywa ngemvume evela kumvakalisi, Wiley, ukusuka kwi-Fabricated: Ihlabathi elitsha lokushicilelwa kwe-3D nguHod Lipson noMelba Kurman. Copyright © 2013.