Zombini Iinkqubo zokuSebenzelana Nokwabelana ngeMida efanayo
Zomibini iMac OS X, inkqubo yokusetyenziswa esebenzisa i-desktop kunye neekhompyutha zeekhompyutha, kunye ne-Linux zisekelwe kwi-system ye-Unix, eyenziwe kwi-Bell Labs ngo-1969 nguDennis Ritchie noKen Thompson. Inkqubo yokusetyenziswa e-iPhones ye-Apple, ngoku kuthiwa yi- iOS , ivela kwi-Mac OS X kwaye ngoko ke i-Unix ehlukile.
Njengemibonakalo enkulu ye-Linux, njenge-Ubuntu, i-Red Hat, ne-SuSE Linux, i-Mac OS X ine "desktop environment", inika umboniso womsebenzisi wesalathisi kwiinkqubo zesicelo kunye nocwangciso lweenkqubo. Imvelo yendawo yedesktop yakhiwe phezulu kwe-Unix yohlobo lwe-OS njengokuba iimeko zedesktop ze-Linux distros zakhiwe phezulu kwe-Linux OS. Nangona kunjalo, ii-Linux distros zihlala zinika indawo engaphandle kwimo ye desktop ngaphandle komnye ofakwe ngumntu ongagqibekanga. I-Max OS X kunye ne-Microsoft Windows ayiniki abasebenzisi ithuba lokutshintsha iimeko zedeskithophu, ngaphandle kweenguqu ezincinane zokujonga nokuzibona ezifana nezicwangciso zombala kunye nosayizi wefonti.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zeLinux kunye ne-OS X
Imbakala ebonakalayo yeengcambu eziqhelekileyo zeLuxux kunye ne-Mac OS X yilezo zombini zilandela umgangatho wePOSIX. I-POSIX imele i- Portable Operating System Interface ye-Unix-like Operating Systems . Oku kuhambelana kwenza kube lula ukuqokelela izicelo eziphuhliswe kwiLuxi kwiinkqubo ze-Mac OS X. I-Linux inikezela ngeendlela zokuqokelela izicelo kwi Linux ye-Mac OS X.
NjengoLuxux distros, i-Mac OS X ifaka isicelo seKota , esinikeza iwindow yesicatshulwa apho ungasebenzisa khona imiyalelo ye Linux / Unix. Esi sigxina sinokubizwa ngokuba ngumgca wemiyalelo okanye igobolondo okanye iwindi yegobolondo . Yimeko esekelwe yinkcazo abantu basebenzise ukusebenzisa iikhomputha phambi kokuboniswa kwemifanekiso yomsebenzisi. Kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo kunye neenkqubo zokubhala ngokuzenzekelayo.
Igobolondo eyaziwayo yeBash ifumaneka kwi-Mac OS X, kuquka neNtaba yeNtaba, njengokuba kukwahlukana kakhulu kwi-Linux. Igobolondo yeBash ikuvumela ukuba uhambe ngokukhawuleza inkqubo yefayile kwaye uqalise ukusetyenziselwa itekisi esekelwe okanye iifayile ezicacileyo.
Kwi-shell / umgca womyalelo, ungasebenzisa yonke i-Linux / Unix yakho kunye nelayibrari imiyalelo efana ne- ls , cd , ikati , kunye nokunye . Inkqubo yefayili ihlelwe njenge Linux, kunye neesahlulo / iinkcukacha ezifana ne- usr , var , njl , dev , kunye nekhaya phezulu, nangona kukho ezinye iifolda ezongezelelweyo kwi-OS X.
Iilwimi eziphambili zeeprogram ze-Unix-type operating systems ezifana neLuxux kunye ne-Mac OS X zi-C ne-C ++. Ininzi yenkqubo yokusebenza iphunyeziweyo kwezi lwimi, kwaye ezininzi izicelo ezisisiseko ziphunyezwa kwiC kunye neC ++ ngokunjalo. Iilwimi zeeprogram eziphakamileyo ezifana nePerl neJava nazo ziyaqaliswa kwiC / C ++.
I-Apple inikeza ulwimi lweprogram yeNjongo C kuquka i-IDE (i-Integrated Development Environment) Xcode ukuxhasa ukuphuhliswa kwezicelo ze-OS X kunye ne-iOS.
NjengoLuxux, i-OS X ifaka inkxaso efanelekileyo yeJava kwaye inika ngokuqinisekileyo ukufakela kweJava ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa okungaxilwanga kwezicelo ze-Java kwi-OS X. Kwakhona kuquka iinguqu ezisekelwe kwisigxina se-editors Emacs kunye ne-VI, ezithandwa kwiinkqubo ze-Linux. Iingqinisiso kunye nenkxaso engaphezulu ye-GUI inokukhishwa kwi-Apple AppStore.
Iintlukwano ezinkulu
Enye yeentlukwano phakathi kweLinux kunye ne-Mac OS X yi-kernel. Njengoko igama libonisa, i-kernel yintloko ye-OS yohlobo lwe-Unix kwaye isebenzisa imisebenzi efana nenkqubo kunye nokuphathwa kwememori kunye nefayili, idivayisi kunye nolawulo lwenethiwekhi. Xa uLinus Torvalds yakhela i-kernel ye Linux wanyula oko kuthethwa ngokuba yi-kernel ye-monolithic ngenxa yezizathu zokusebenza, ngokuchasene ne-microkernel, eyenzelwe ukuguqulwa kwamanzi. I-Mac OS X isebenzisa i-kernel design eyenza idibanisa phakathi kwezi zakhiwo zombini.
Ngoxa i-Max OS X iyaziwa ngokuba yinkqubo ye-desktop / yencwadana yokusebenza, iinguqu zakutshanje ze-OS X nazo zingasetyenziswa njengenkqubo yeseva yomsebenzi, nangona i-App ye-PU yokuSebenza kwiphakheji ifunyenwe ukufumana ukufikelela kuzo zonke izicelo ezithile ze-server. I-Linux, nangona kunjalo, ihlala yindlela eqhuba phambili yokusebenza kwiseva.