Yintoni i-rotoscoping kunye nendlela esiyisebenzisayo ngayo?
Ukuba uchithe ixesha elithile usebenzisa iividiyo, mhlawumbi uvile igama elithi "rotoscoping", okanye "roto", kodwa inkcazelo yalo ayinakucaca ngokupheleleyo. Ngenhlanhla, silapha. I-Rotoscoping, ngentetho, isicatshulwa apho isifundo esibukhoma okanye esiphilayo esilandelayo sisisiseko kwisakhelo esisodwa ngexesha lokudala ukukhutshwa kwesi sifundo, okanye "i-matte", enokudibaniswa nesinye imvelaphi. Leso senzo sokongeza imvelaphi emitsha ngezinto zangaphambili zibizwa ngokuthi "ukudibanisa". Siza kubhekisela ekuqulunqweni kwangexesha ngamaxesha nakwezinye iinqununu, ngoko kuyinto enhle ukuyiqwalasela.
Kutheni kuthiwa yi-rotoscoping?
Ewe, igama elithi "rotoscoping" lithathwe kumatshini owenze isenzo esifana nesichaza kumhlathi wokuqala. I-rotoscope yayiyinxalenye yezixhobo ezingenza iprojekti enye yefilimu yokusebenza, edibanisa ne-easel kunye neqhekeza yeglasi egqabileyo ukuvumela i-animator ukuba ilandele isifundo ngokubeka iphepha phezulu kweglasi. Ngokulandela nganye yeefowuni kwisiqephu sefilimu, i-animator iza kugqiba ngeefayile ezichanekileyo ngokupheleleyo zezifundo abafuna ukuzenza ebomini.
I-rotoscope yenziwe ngo-1914 nguMax Fleischer, kwaye isetyenziswe okokuqala kwicandelo elincinane leenxalenye ezibizwa ngokuthi "ngaphandle kwe-Inkwell". UFleischer wadala uluhlu ukuze abonise indlela yakhe entsha. Ukubeka i-rotoscope ekuvivinyeni kwakufuneka afunde ngokulandelelana kwaye aphilise, kwaye ngoko umzalwana kaMax uDave - umculi weConey Island - wangena ekunyamekeleni ukuhamba kwezenzo eziphilayo kwi-series 'iKoko the Clown.
Kwakulungelekile: UDave wenza phambi kwekhamera, kwaye ifilimu yekhamera yaxelwa kwi-rotoscope yama-easel kaMax ukulandelela.
UMax ubulumko onelungelo lobunikazi bakhe olwenziwe ngo-1917, kwaye umashishini omangalisayo ngokukhawuleza wasetyenziselwa ukudala imifanekiso enzulu yaseHollywood efana ne-Snow White kunye ne-Seven Dwarves ne-Betty Boop.
I-Rotoscoping iphile impilo ephilileyo ukususela ekuqaleni kukaMax kwaye isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimveliso ye-TV kunye nefilimu. Omnye umzekelo omangalisayo wecandelo elingu-rotoscoped yividiyo yomculo we-A-Ha, "Thatha kum". I-videobrebreaking features features shots ebonakala ngathi imidwebo ye-photorealistic, i-animated usebenzisa ubugcisa obunomdla obubizwa ngokuthi "ubilise" okanye "i-jitter". Impembelelo ibonakala ngokukrakra kwemigca yezifundo eziphathekayo.
Esi siphumo sisoloko singenzi ngokuzithandela, kunye nesiphumo sokulandelelana okanye ukungahambisani nokulandelelana, kodwa kwimeko ye-A-Ha, isiphumo sinomdla kwaye sinika ividyo ukubukeka kwezithonjana.
Ngoku, sicinga inkqubo esiye sixoxisana ngasentla apho isakhelo ngasinye sefilimu silandelwa ukudala iifoto, kuza kuthatha ixesha elide kangakanani ividiyo yomculo? "Thatha kwiNdibano" ithatha iiveki ezingama-16 ukulandelela ama-3,000 ozimele zevidiyo.
Isandi esicothayo nesibuhlungu? Qi niseka. Uya kuvuyisa ukwazi ukuba izinto ziye zaqhubeka kakhulu.
Le mihla, ubuninzi be-rotoscoping buyenzeka kwiikhomputha zisebenzisa iinkqubo ezifana ne-Imagineer Mocha Pro, i-Adobe After Effects, kunye ne-Silhouette. Ngolunye lweeprogram luye lwaphuculwa kunye nezixhobo zokunciphisa inkqubo ye-roto.
Iyona ndlela idume kakhulu-kwaye ngexesha elifanelekileyo-lomsebenzi we-rotoscoping eHollywood yayiza kuba zibanezibane kwiifilimu ze-Star Wars. Ukwenza umphumo, abadlali baya kusebenziselwa iinqwelo zabo zokulwa ngeendlela zokusebenzisa iinduku. Umculi we-rotoscope uya kuthi ke i-rotoscope ifreyimu yentambo ngesakhelo, engeza umphumo wokukhanya. Isiphumo sathengiswa ngakumbi ngomsebenzi omkhulu wokuvelisa umsindo.
Inqaku elonwabileyo malunga neNew War Wars IV: Ithemba elitsha kukuba ngezinye iixesha ama-sabers ayenziwa ngokubhinqa ityhubhu enomthi enomthi enezinto ezibonakalayo kunye nezikhanyiso ezikhanyayo ezikhanyayo. Iingcali zemveliso zeposi ziza zongeza ii-filters kunye nombala, kodwa ukukhanya kokuqala kwakukhanya nje kwintonga. Nwabisa!
Kutheni abantu besaba i-rotoscoping?
Ukuba uthetha nomntu osebenza kwimveliso okanye emva kokuvelisa, i-rotoscoping ngokuqhelekileyo yenye yezo zifundo eziza kubangela ukugubha njengezikhumbuzo zezikhukhula zeprojekthi ezikhungweni zabo.
Ukunyaniseka kukuba ukuhambisa imifanekiso kusetyenziswa iinqununu ezininzi. Phonononga imizuzwana eyishumi yevidiyo kwiifom ezingama-24 ngesibini kwaye unayo iphrojekthi ye-240 yeprojekthi yezandla ezandleni zakho.
Ngexa ezininzi kwiimeko ezininzi, le nkqubo iyimfuneko ebalulekileyo, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo umqambi angayigcina umsebenzi we-rotoscoping ngokusebenza ngamacwecwe aphethwe ngokucokisekileyo kwisikrini. Iprojekti enamandla iyakwazi ukubona umbala wesikrini kwaye uyisuse, udala umthamo ixesha lokudutshulwa, ukugcina ukuba wenze i-matte ifreyimu enye ngexesha.
Ngako-ke nini abaqulunqi bafuna ukuhamba?
Ngaphandle kweeprojekthi eziphambili kunye nabaqeqeshi bokugqibela, izinto zenzeka. Enye into enokuba yintoni xa ingalo yomlenze, umlenze okanye enye inxalenye yomzimba ihamba ngaphandle kwendawo yokuluhlaza eluhlaza okanye eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukudala i-matte ecocekileyo, yodwa inketho yayiya kwi-rotoscope ngaphandle kwexesha eligqithisiweyo kunye nokusebenzisa isofthiwe ukwenza yonke loo misebenzi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, kufuneka kubekho imizuzwana emibini kunye nombandela, kodwa ukuba umlawuli unganenkathalo le nto ingaba ngumcimbi omkhulu.
Kwesinye imeko, ukuba umlawuli ungenasiphako kodwa iqela elimiselweyo alizange lifake ngokufanelekileyo umgca wesikrini okanye likhanyise into ngokufanelekileyo, i-roto ingadlala inxaxheba kwimveliso yokuthumela. Imvelaphi esekelwe kwimigangatho ingabonakala, idale izithunzi ezingafaki isofthiwe, kwaye ukukhanya okungenakukwazi ukwenza okufanayo. Kule meko, nokuba iphostile ekufuneka ibe yintlambo yokusebenza nayo inokudala i-nightmare.
Ewe, kukho ukungafani phakathi kokusebenzisa isofthiwe ukususa isiqwithi somhlaza kunye nokwenza i-rotoscoping ngesihloko ngesandla. Xa isofthiwe esicatshulwa ngaphandle kwe-matte iya kususa iipikseli ezifanisa imilinganiselo eyakhelwe ngumyili ukuba "ngundoqo" ngaphandle kwesikrini esiluhlaza okanye eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kungekho nto enye. I-rotoscoping ngokukhokelela ikhokelela kumaphethelo enzima, njengoko siza kutshintsha umgca othile. Iimpembelelo zingongezwa kamva ukucwangcisa imigca kunye nokudibanisa nesihloko kwimvelaphi, kodwa kubalulekile ukuphawula umahluko.
Iindlela eziPhambili
Ekupheleni kosuku, i-rotoscoping yinto esiye sathetha ngayo: ukusika isifundo kwisiqendu ngasinye seqhotyoshelweyo. Nangona oku kuchanekileyo, kukho ubuchule obuya kwenza ubomi bube lula kwaye buzise umphumo wokugqibela.
Ukuqala, kunokuba nje ukhethe isakhelo esingenangqangi kwisiqeshana kunye nokulandelela intloko kunye nomzimba wesifundo kunye nensimbi yesikhala (oku kuthiwa ukudala "imaski"), nikela le projekthi icinge ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe nantoni na. Ngokuxhomekeke kwishukumo okanye ukunyakaza kweso sifundo, amanqaku okulandelela angatshintsha ngokukhawuleza kuwo wonke ubude beqhosha.
Kuza kusebenza ukuba ukhethe nje umxholo wesifundo sonke, kodwa ukuba isisombululo sisithi, ukuhamba, izitho zomzimba ziya kudlula phambili nangasemva komnye, kwaye amaninzi omzimba aya kugoba, adibanise aze ahambe.
Kunoko cinga ngokucophelela indlela umzimba oza kuhamba ngayo, kwaye uzama ukujonga umzimba njengezandla zobunzima. Ngoku kunokuba udale enye imaski enkulu, sebenzisa amanxeba amaninzi kumalungu omzimba, kuquka amasiki ahlukeneyo amajoyina. Njengoko isihloko sifudukela kwisakhelo kwisakhelo, uza kuba nomsebenzi omkhulu wokwakha imaski ukubeka ngokukhawuleza kunye nokwenza.
Abaculi abaninzi baya kubeka iimaski zabo ngokwahlukileyo, bahluke kwiimifanekiso ukuze bavulwe kwaye bavaliwe ngaphandle kokuchaphazela uluhlu lwevidiyo. Kuxhomekeke kwisofthiwe oyisebenzisayo le nto inokukhetha.
Kakade, enye ye-onus yokwenza lula iprojekthi ye-roto kufuneka iwele kumculi we-roto. Uyazi. Wena.
Ukufumana imiyalelo ecacileyo apho izahlulo zemibuzo eza kusetshenziselwa ngayo zinokugcina iitoni zomsebenzi we-roto. Ukuba unemizuzwana engama-25 emifanekiso kwiifom ezingama-30 ngesibini, kodwa le projekthi idinga kuphela imizuzwana emine yeqhotyoshela, cela ukuba yeyiphi imizuzwana emine efunekayo. Iifoto ezingama-120 okanye zilolu hlobo zibhetele kangcono kunezi-750 zazo.
Kufuneka kube yindlela elula ...
Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, iqela elimangalisayo emva kwe-Effects iqela e-Adobe lenze isixhobo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Rotobrush" ngenzame yokwenza lula i-rotoscoping. Ingcamango kukuba umyili we-After Effects unesixhobo sokusebenzisa okufanayo ne "Quick Select" kwisixhobo kwi-Photoshop ukulandelela isihloko. Isixhobo sinokukhetha nantoni na ebonakalayo kwimvelaphi kwaye iyakwazi ukukhangela ukufumana izifundo ngokuchanekileyo. Xa isixhobo sinomxholo wesifundo, siyakwazi ukuhamba phambili kwaye siphindele ngasemva kwinqanaba kwaye isixhobo siya kulungelelanisa ukugcina isihloko esikhethiweyo kuyo yonke i-clip. Ayisoloko isebenza ngokugqibeleleyo, kodwa, njengawuphi na umsebenzi we-rotoscoping, kukho iindlela ezilungileyo.
Sekunjalo, ukuba unokwenza ukuba isebenze iprojekthi yakho ingakugcina iiyure ezininzi.
Ufuna ukufunda ngaphezulu?
Ukuba ukhona ixesha elide njengoko linalo, kukho ulwazi oluninzi malunga ne-rotoscoping kunye nendlela yokuqalisa ngayo, kodwa indlela efanelekileyo yokuyifunda kukuba ufumane ukufundisa kwaye wenze izandla zakho zingcolile ngokwenene. Khetha icebo lesofthiwe (Ndincoma i-Adobe Emva kweempembelelo) kwaye ujonge i-lynda.com okanye i-YouTube kubafundi abalula. Unokudinga ukudubula i-footage yokuvavanya kunye naye, kodwa ukwenza ukuzinyusa okunzima kuzokunika ukuqonda izandla kwenkqubo kunye nokuzithemba ngakumbi phambili.
Uvuyo lwe-rotoscoping!