Ngomfutshane Jonga indlela i-Napster Brand iguqule ngayo le minyaka
Ngaphambi kokuba uNapster abe ngumculo we-intanethi ye-intanethi namhlanje, wawunobuso obuhluke kakhulu xa wawuqala ukuqala ekupheleni kweminyaka engama-90. Abaphuhlisi be-Napster yokuqala (abazalwana bakaShawn noJohn Fanning, kunye noSean Parker) baqalisa inkonzo njengendlela yokwabelana ngefayile ( P2P ). Isicelo sesoftware sasilula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye senzelwe ngokukhethekileyo ukwabelana ngeefayile zomculo zedijithali ( kwipompo ye-MP3 ) kwi-intanethi exhunywe kwiWebhu.
Inkonzo yayithandwa kakhulu kwaye yanikezela indlela elula yezigidi zabasebenzisi be-intanethi ukufikelela kwisikhulu esikhulu seefayili zomsindo zamahhala (ikakhulukazi zomculo) ezingabelana ngazo namanye amalungu eNapster. I-Napster yaqaliswa ngokuqala ngo-1999 kwaye yavuka ngokukhawuleza njengokuba abasebenzisi be-intanethi bafumene ubuninzi benkonzo. Yonke into eyadingeka ukuba ijoyine inethiwekhi yaseNapster yayiyi-akhawunti yehhala (ngegama lomsebenzisi kunye nephasiwedi). Ekuphakameni kwenkohliso kaNapster, kwakukho abasebenzisi abayizigidi ezingama-80 ababhalisiwe kwintanethi. Enyanisweni, kwakudume kakhulu kangangokuba iikholeji ezininzi zafuneka zivimbele ukusebenzisa iNapster ngenxa yokudibanisa kwenethiwekhi ebangelwa ngabafundi abafumana umculo ngokusebenzisa iifayili zontanga.
Inzuzo enkulu kubasebenzisi abaninzi yinto yokuba kwakukho umrhumo omkhulu womculo onokukhuphela ngaphandle kwehhala. Cishe malunga naluphi uhlobo lwamahlobo omculo lwaluphepheni kwipompo ye-MP3 - evela kwimithombo yomsindo njengee-tapog zekhasethi, iirekhodi kunye neCD. I-Napster yayiyimithombo encedo kubantu abafuna ukulanda ama-albhamu anqabileyo, ukurekhodwa kwe-bootleg, kunye ne-recently-chart toppers.
Nangona kunjalo, inkonzo yekwabelana ngefayile yeNapster ayizange ihlale ixesha elide ngenxa yokungabikho kokulawulwa kokudluliselwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kwi-network yonxibelelwano. Imisebenzi engekho mthethweni yaseNapster yayisondele kwi-radar ye-RIAA (i-Recording Industry Association of America) eyayifaka icala malunga nokunikezelwa okungagunyazisiyo kwezinto eziphathekayo ze-copyright. Emva kwenkundla ende enkundleni, i-RIAA ekugqibeleni yafumana isigwebo esivela kwiinkundla ezanyanzelisa uNapster ukuba ivalwe inethiwekhi yayo ngo-2001.
Napster Reborn
Kungekudala emva kokuba uNapster ephoqelelwe ukuba ahlazise impahla yakhe eseleyo, uRoxio (inkampani yeendaba zedijithali), wabeka imali yokufumana imali engama-5.3 yezigidi zemali ukuthenga amalungelo kwi-portfolio yephothifoliyo yegama, igama lomqondiso kunye neentengiso. Oku kwavunyelwa yinkantolo ye-bankruptcy ngo-2002 ekujongeni ukuhlanjululwa kweempahla ze-Napster. Esi siganeko sabhala isahluko esitsha kwimbali yaseNapster. Ngomsebenzi walo omtsha, uRoxio wasebenzisa igama eliqinileyo laseNapster ukuze athengise kwakhona isitolo sakhe somculo wePlayPlay kwaye wabiza ngokuthi iPapster 2.0
Ezinye iimpahla
I-brand yaseNapster ibone utshintsho oluninzi kwiminyaka, kunye nokuthengwa kwamanani amaninzi okwenzeka ukususela ngo-2008. Ngelo xesha, inkonzo yomculo we-digital yaseNapster yaxelwa ukuba ine-700,000 yabathengi abathengi. Ngo-2011, inkonzo yomculo yokuhambisa , iRhapsody, inenkcenkceshelo ye-Best Buy yokufumana ababhalisile baseNapster kunye 'nezinye iimpahla'. Iinkcukacha zezimali ze-acquisition azibonakalwanga, kodwa isivumelwano senziwe ukuba siThengise kakhulu ukugcina isigxina se- Rhapsody . Nangona igama le-Napster eliyimifanekiso elinyamalalayo e-US, inkonzo yayisaphantsi kwegama likaNapster e-United Kingdom naseJamani.
Ukususela ekufumaneni iPapster, iRhapsody iyaqhubeka nokuphuhlisa imveliso kwaye igxininise ekuqiniseni i-brand eYurophu. Ngomhla ka-2013, yazisa ukuba yayiza kubakho inkonzo yeNapster kumazwe angama-14 anele eYurophu.