Icandelo le-IM ukususela kwiminyaka ye-1970 ukuya kwi-Present
Njengamaziko emfundo kunye neelabhu yophando yaba yiindawo zokuqala zokusebenzisa iikhomputha ekuqaleni kwawo-1970, abaprogram baqala ukuphuhlisa indlela yokuthetha nabanye ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokuthumela imiyalezo. Le nkqubo yokuthumela imiyalezo evumela abantu ukuba baxoxe nabanye abasebenzisi kwikhompyutha efanayo okanye umatshini oxhunyiwe kwinethiwekhi yendawo kwiyunivesithi.
Aboovulindlela bokuqala bokuthumela imiyalezo babekhokelela ekuphuhliseni umthunywa osisigxina okhuphisanayo okanye okhuphisanayo, okanye i-IM ngokufutshane, iimarike namhlanje.
I-World & # 39; s I-IM yokuqala
Izicelo ezintathu ze-IM ezahlukileyo zavela ngexesha lama-70s kunye nama-80 eziza kusetyenziswa njengesiseko somyalezo wexesha langoku.
Iyokuqala, ebizwa ngokuba ngumgaqo-nkqubo wontanga, ovunyelwe ukudibanisa phakathi ezimbini ezixhomekeke kwiikhompyutha. Njengabaphuhlisi bakha indlela yokusebenzisa iikhomputha zeekhompyutha, abaprogram bawandise inkqubo yenkqubo yoontanga, ukuvumela abasebenzisi kwi-campus okanye nakwiidolophini kwiziko lodade ukuba bafikelele kule miyalezo emibini, esekelwe kwimiyalezo ngaphandle kokungena ngemvume PC efanayo.
UMark Jenks kunye & # 34; Ncokola & # 34;
Ngowe-1983, uMarko Jenks, uMilwaukee, WI, umfundi wesikolo esiphakamileyo, wakha "Intetho," inkqubo eyavumela abafundi baseWashington High School ukuba bafikelele kwinkqubo yokuqala yokuvelisa iibhodi zeencwadana zedijithali kunye nekhono lomyalezo wabucala abanye abasebenzisi. Isicelo, esaziwa nangokuthi "umkhulumi," sidinga ukuba abasebenzisi bangene ngemvume kwisicelo esisekelwe kwinethiwekhi usebenzisa isibambo okanye igama leskrini. Ngethuba elincinane, abavakalisi baqala ukuvela kulo lonke ilizwe, babanjwe kwishishini labucala kunye namanethiwekhi esikolweni phakathi ne-90s.
Ingxoxo yokuDlulisa i-intanethi kunye ne-Journalism
Ingxoxo yokuDlulisa i-intanethi, okanye i-IRC, yavula i-journalism kwiimeko zokunxibelelana kwe-intanethi. Yadalwa nguJarkko Oikarinen ngoAgasti 1988, i-IRC yavumela abasebenzisi ukuba bathethe kwiqela elisebenzisayo labantu ababizwa ngokuba "iziteshi," ukuthumela imiyalezo yabucala kunye nokwabelana ngeefayile ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokudlulisa idatha.
I-intanethi kunye ne-IRC yathintela indawo yezopolitiko kunye noorhulumente ngo-Agasti 19, 1991, xa kwakunzima ukuzama ukukhangela kwi-capitol yeSoviet Union. Inkcaso, iqela leenkokheli zamaKhomanisi aphikisana nomanyano wamanyano osandul 'uxoxisana nguMongameli waseSoviet uMikhail Gorbachev, uthintele intatheli ukuba zichaze ngeziganeko ngokuchasana nokunyanzeliswa kwamaphephandaba. Ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuthumela iindaba nge-TV okanye ngeenkonzo zetambo, iilatheli zaphendukela kwi-IRC ukuze iqoke ulwazi olusesikweni kubalingane kunye nabangqina bokuzibonela entsimini.
I-IRC yayisetyenziswe ngabathengi beendaba ukuba babelane ngeendaba ngexesha leMfazwe yeGulf.
I-Commodore 64 kunye ne-Quantum Link
Ngo-Agasti, ngo-1982, i-Commodore International yakhulula iPC ye-8-bit eyayiza kuguqula umhlaba wekhompyutha kuphela, kodwa isizukulwana esilandelayo somyalezo osheshayo. I-Commodore 64, eyathengisa iiyunithi ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-30, eyenza ibe yindlela yokuthengisa i-PC eyodwa yeyona nto iboneleleyo, inikezela abasebenzisi basekhaya ithuba lokufikelela kwiikhompyutha ngeenombolo ezingaphezu kwe-10,000 ze-software zorhwebo, kubandakanywa nenkonzo ye-intanethi ye-intanethi, i-Quantum Link, okanye Q-Link.
Ukusebenzisa inkqubo esekelwe kwimiyalezo ebizwa ngokuba yi-PETSCII, abasebenzisi bangathumela imiyalezo ekhompyutheni omnye komnye nge-modem yefowuni kunye nenkonzo ye-Quantum Link. Ngaphandle kweprojekthi ezicacileyo okanye amakhadi evidiyo aphezulu namhlanje, amava okuthumela imiyalezo yabasebenzisi bokuqala ayengekho mnandi kakhulu; emva kokuthumela umyalezo we-intanethi, umsebenzisi kwisiphelo sokufumana uza kubona umgca ophuzi ngapha kwe-software ye-Quantum ukubonakaliswa kwabo bafumene umyalezo ukusuka komnye umsebenzisi. Lo mse benzisi wayenakho ukhetho lokuphendula okanye ukungawuthobeli umyalezo.
Imiyalezo ye-Intanethi kunye nenkonzo ye-Q-Link, nangona kunjalo, ibangele kwimirhumo eyongezelelweyo ngeminithi xa abasebenzisi behlawuliswa ngeendleko zabo zenyanga zenkonzo.
ICQ, Yahoo! Umthunywa kunye ne-AIM
Kwi-90s, i-Quantum Link yashintsha igama layo kwi-America Online kwaye yanceda ekwenzeni umyalezo omtsha ngokukhawuleza. Ngoxa i-ICQ, isithunywa esekelwe kwisicatshulwa, saba ngowokuqala ukuzithengisa ngokwabantu kubantu ngo-1996, i-Abut yokuqala ye-AIM ngo-1997 yaba yinto eguqukayo kwishishini njengamawaka amaninzi abasebenzisi abancinane, abasebenzisi be-tech-savvy baxhamla ngeli thuba ukwabelana ngemilayezo esheshayo kunye nomnye.
Yahoo! uqalise i-Yahoo! yayo Umthunywa ngo-1998, olandelwa yi-MSN esuka eMicrosoft ngo-1999, kunye nabanye abaninzi kuma-2000. I-Google Talk yakhululwa ngo-2005.
I-IM-Multi-Protocol IMs Vula iiDango
Kuze kube-2000, abasebenzisi be-IM babengenakho ukhetho kodwa baqhube izicelo ezininzi ze-IM ukufumana abahlobo kumanethiwekhi athile. Oko, de kube iJabber yatshintshe imigaqo.
Eyaziwayo njenge -IM- multi -protocol IM , iJabber iyamanyanisa ii-IM ngokuthatha isango elilodwa lokufikelela abathengi abaninzi be-IM kanyekanye. Abasebenzisi balabo bathengi banokuxubusha kunye nabahlobo kwi-AIM yabo, Yahoo! kunye neenombolo zoqhagamshelwano ze-MSN kwisicelo esinye. Ezinye iiklayenti zabaxhasi bee-multi-protocol ziquka iPidgin, Trillian, i-Adium ne-Miranda.
IiMidiya zoLuntu kunye ne-Mobile IM
Ngokunyuka kwezonxibelelwano zentlalo kunye neenkonzo ezifana ne-Facebook kunye ne-Twitter, kwakunye nokutshintshwa kwezixhobo eziphathekayo ezifana nezixhobo ze-smartphones kunye namacwecwe, ukuthumela imiyalezo ngokukhawuleza uye kwavela. I-Facebook, umzekelo, inika iNgxoxo ye-Facebook, ivumela abasebenzisi bayo ukuba bathethelane ngokubambisana nesitayela se-IM.
Ingxoxo ye-Facebook inikeze i-API evumela iifayile zenkampani yesithathu ezifana ne-AIM kunye ne-Adium ukuxhuma kwinkonzo ukwenzela ukuba abasebenzisi baqhubeke nokugxininisa iinkonzo zabo ze-IM ezahlukeneyo; nangona kunjalo, ngo-2015 i-Facebook ivalwe i-API kunye neefestile ze-party zangasenakukwazi ukufikelela kwinkonzo yayo ye-IM, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Facebook Messenger kuphela.
Iipolatifti zefowuni zizibophelele kakuhle kwi-IM zonxibelelwano, kwaye iinkonzo ze-IM ziyaziwa ngokuqalisa iinkonzo zeselula ezisetyenziswayo. Iimakethe ze-App zindawo ziqhutywe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zezicelo ze-IM.
Kwi-PCs, ubuchwepheshe be-teknoloji esekelwe kwi-web buhamba phambili kakhulu ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-2000 kunye no-2010, kwaye kwaba yinto engadingekile ukukhuphela nokufaka isicelo ukuze isebenzise iinkonzo ezidumile ze-IM ezifana ne-Yahoo! Umthunywa, i-AIM ne-ICQ.
Iinkonzo ze-IM nazo zifakwe kwiindlela ezintsha zokunxibelelana ezivulekileyo nge-intanethi, kubandakanywa ne-VOIP kunye neefowuni ze-intanethi, kwakunye nokuthumela imiyalezo ye-SMS. Ii-IM kunye nezicelo ezifana ne-Skype ne-FaceTime ekhulisa i-video ngokuxoxa.