Qonda indlela yokuphepha iinguqu ezingathandekiyo kwiifayile zakho ze-Digital
Izixhobo zeDivitjethi zizo naziphi iinguqu ezingafunekiyo ezivela kumfanekiso obangelwa yimimandla eyahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kwekhamera yedijithali. I-Inthanethi ingabonakala kwii- DSLR okanye kwindawo kwaye idubule ikhamera kwaye ibangela ukunciphisa umgangatho wesithombe.
Iindaba eziphambili kukuba ngokuqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemizobo yezakhiwo, zinokuthi (ziphephe okanye zilungiswe phambi kokuba imifanekiso ithathwe.
Ukuvuna
Iipekseli kwi-sensor ye-DSLR ziqoke i- photons, eziguqulwa zibe yintlawulo yombane. Nangona kunjalo, iipekseli zikwazi ukuqokelela ama-photons amaninzi, ngokubangela ukugqithiswa kombane. Oku kuphuphuma kunokuphehla kwiipikseli ezikhoyo, kubangele ukugqithisa kwiindawo zomfanekiso. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba kuvela.
Ii-DSLR ezininzi ezininzi zinezixhobo ezichasayo ezikunceda ukucima le ntlawulo ephezulu.
I-Chromatic Aberration
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Chromatic kwenzeka rhoqo xa kudubula nge -lens-angle angle kwaye kubonakala njengombala ogqithisileyo kumacala ahlukeneyo aphezulu. Yibangelwa yilensi engagxininisi ukukhanya kweevelengths ekukhanyeni kwiplanethi efanayo. Awunakukubona kwisekrini ye-LCD, kodwa ingabonwa ngexesha lokuhlela kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ibe ngumxholo obomvu okanye we-cyan kunye nemigangatho yesifundo.
Inokulungiswa ngokusebenzisa iilensi ezinamacala amabini okanye ngaphezulu kweglasi kunye neempawu ezahlukileyo zokubamba.
Jaggies okanye Aliasing
Oku kubhekisela kwimimandla ebonakalayo ebonakalayo kwimigca yokudibanisa kwisithombe somzobo. Iipekseli ziyikwere (kungekujikeleze) kwaye kuba umgca wokudibanisa uqukethe isethi yamaphikseli angamabala angabonakala njengoluhlu lwamanqanaba amanyathelo xa iipekseli zikhulu.
I-Jaggies yanyamalala kunye neekhamera eziphezulu zokulungisa ngoba iipekseli zincinci. I-DSLRs ngokwemvelo iqulethe amandla okulwa, njengokuba baya kufunda ulwazi oluvela kumacala omabini emacaleni, ngaloo ndlela banciphisa imigca.
Ukukhawuleza kwimveliso yokuposa kuza kwandisa ukubonakala kwe-jaggies kwaye yoko kutheni amanqaku amaninzi ahlazileyo anokuqulethe i-anti-alias scale. Ukunyamekela kufuneka kuthathelwe ukuphepha ukunyusa amaninzi amaninzi okulwa kunye nokunciphisa izinga lomfanekiso.
JPEG Ukunyanzelisa
I-JPEG yifom yefayile yefayile eqhelekileyo isetyenzisiweyo ukugcina ifayile yefayile yedijithali. Nangona kunjalo, i-JPEG inika urhwebo phakathi komgangatho wesithombe kunye nobukhulu bomfanekiso.
Njalo xa ugcina ifayile njengeJPEG, uyancinezela umfanekiso kwaye ulahlekelwe ngumgangatho omncinci . Ngokufanayo, ngalunye ixesha uvula kwaye uvale i-JPEG (nangona ungenzi ulungiso kuyo), ulahlekelwa ngumgangatho.
Ukuba uceba ukwenza utshintsho oluninzi kumfanekiso, kukulungele ukuyigcina ekuqaleni kwifomati engaxinzekanga, njenge-PSD okanye iTIFF .
Moire
Xa umfanekiso uqulethe indawo eziphindaphindiweyo zeekhredithi eziphezulu, ezi nkcukacha zingadlulela kwisisombululo sekhamera . Oku kukubangela ukuba i-moire, ekhangeleka njengemizila enemibala embala kwimifanekiso.
I-Moire idla ngokugqitywa ngeekhamera eziphezulu. Labo abanokubalwa kwamaphikseli angaphantsi bangasebenzisa izihlungi ezichasene ne-anti-aliasing ukulungisa ingxaki ye-moire, nangona bayayithambisa.
Umsindo
Izaziso zibonisa kwimifanekiso njengengxube engafunekiyo okanye ebalahlekileyo yombala, kwaye ingxolo ibangelwa ngokuphakamisa i- ISO yekhamera . Kuya kubonakala kakhulu emthunzini nakumnyama omfanekiso, ngokuqhelekileyo njengamaqhezu amancinci obomvu, eluhlaza kunye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Umsindo ungancitshiswa ngokusebenzisa i-ISO ephantsi, leyo iya kubingelela ngesivinini kwaye isona sizathu esiyintloko sokuhamba ngokuphakamileyo njengoko kuyimfuneko xa ukhetha i-ISO.