I-CRT, iPlasma, i-LCD, i-DLP, kunye ne-OLED iTechnotic Technologies
Ukuthenga i-TV kunokudideka kakhulu kule mihla, ingakumbi xa uzama ukuhlenga uhlobo luthnoloji yeTV olufunayo okanye oluyimfuneko. Kukho i-CRT enamandla (ityhubhu yesikhokelo) kunye neeseti zokubala ezilandelayo ezilawula amagumbi okuphila kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane ye-20. Kaloku ukuba sisekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21, i-TV enokulondolozwa kwexesha elide elindelwe ngoku iqhelekile.
Nangona kunjalo, imibuzo eninzi ihleli malunga nendlela abatsha bobuchwepheshe beTV bakwenza ngayo ukuvelisa imifanekiso. Lo mboniso kufuneka ukhankanye ulwahlulo phakathi kobuchwephesha be-TV obudlulileyo kunye namanje.
CRT Technology
Nangona ungeke ukwazi ukufumana ii-TV ze-CRT kuma-shelves esitolo, ezininzi zeesethi ezidala zisasebenza kwimikhaya yabathengi. Nantsi indlela asebenza ngayo.
I-CRT imele ityhubhu ye-cathode ray, eyona nto ibhubhe enkulu yocingo-yingakho i-CRT TV zikhulu kwaye zinzima. Ukubonisa imifanekiso, i-CRT i-TV isebenzisa ibhotela ye-electron eyenza imigca ye-phosphors ebusweni bombhobho kwi-line-by-line basis ukwenzela ukuvelisa umfanekiso. Intsimbi ye-electron iphuma entanyeni yesikhuni somfanekiso. I-boram idibaniswa ngokuqhubekayo ngoko ke ihamba kwimida ye-phosphors kwisindululo sokunxele ukuya kwesokudla, ihamba ukuya kumgca olandelayo ofunekayo. Esi senzo senziwa ngokukhawuleza kangangokuthi umbukeli uyakwazi ukubona oko kubonakala ngathi kugqibezela ukuhambisa imifanekiso.
Ngokuxhomekeka kwimiyalezo yevidiyo engenayo, imigqa ye-phosphor ingahlolwa ngokuthe ngenye indlela, ebizwa ngokuba yi-interlaced scanning, okanye i-sequentially, ekubhekiswe kuyo njenge- scan scan .
DLP Technology
Enye iteknoloji, esetyenziswe kwii-televisions ezibonakalayo kwangaphambili, i-DLP (ukucwangcisa ukukhanya kwedijithali), eyakhiwe, yaphuhliswa kwaye ilayisenisi yiTexas Instruments. Nangona kungasabikho ukuthengiswa kwifom yeTV ukususela ngo-2012, i- DLP iteknoloji iyaphila kunye neeprojekti zevidiyo . Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iiseti ze-DLP zeTT zisetyenziselwa emakhaya.
Isihluthulelo kwitheknoloji ye-DLP yi-DMD (idijithali ye-mirror-micro mirror), i-chip eyenziwe ngezibuko ezincinci ezingenakunyaniswa. Izibuko nazo zibizwa ngokuba ngamaphikseli (izinto ezibonakalayo) . Yonke i-pixel kwi-DMD chip iyisibuko esibonakalisa kakhulu ukuba izigidi zazo zingafakwa kwi-chip.
Imifanekiso yevidiyo iboniswa kwi-Chip DMD. I-micromirror kwi-chip (khumbula, i-micromirror nganye imela i-pixel enye) kwaye ithambile ngokukhawuleza njengoko umfanekiso uguquka.
Le nkqubo ikhiqiza isiseko somlinganiselo wegreyati womfanekiso. Umbala udibaniswa nje ngokuba ukukhanya kudlula kwivili elinemizila ephezulu kwaye libonakaliswe kwi-chip ye-DLP kwi-chip yilapho iqhubela phambili okanye ikude nomthombo wokukhanya. Iqondo lokutshintsha kwe-micromirror nganye kunye nevili elijikelezayo ngokukhawuleza libonisa isakhiwo sombala wesithombe esicetywayo. Njengoko ikhupha i-micromirrors, ukukhanya okukhulisiweyo kuthunyelwa nge-lens, kuboniswe kwisibuko esikhulu kunye kunye nakwesikrini.
Technology Plasma
Iimvumi ze-Plasma, ii-TV zokuqala ukuba zibe nefomati elincinci, elineplati, "i-hang-on-wall" ifomu, sele isetyenziswe ukususela kuma-2000, kodwa ngasekupheleni kowe-2014, abenzi bokugqibela be-TV basePlasma (i-Panasonic, i-Samsung kunye ne-LG ) bayeka ukuzisebenzisa ukusetyenziswa kwabathengi. Nangona kunjalo, amaninzi asetyenziswa, kwaye usenokukwazi ukufumana enye ehlaziyiweyo, esetyenzisiweyo, okanye ekhutshweni.
Iimvumi ze-Plasma zisebenzisa i-teknoloji enomdla. Ifana ne-TV ye-CRT, i-TV ye-plasma ivelisa imifanekiso ngokukhanyisa i-phosphors. Nangona kunjalo, i-phosphors ayibhalwa yintambo ye-electron. Endaweni yoko, i-phosphors kwiTV ye-plasma ibhalwa yerhasi ehlawulisiweyo, efana nokukhanya kwe-fluorescent. Zonke izinto zephosphor (iipikseli) zinokubakholwa kunye, kunokubanjelwa iifowuni ze-electron, njengokuba kunjalo ne-CRTs. Kwakhona, ekubeni i-electron beam isisombululo, ayimfuneko, i-tube yesikhombiso (CRT) inqabileyo iyakhutshwa, nto leyo ibangele iphrofayili encinci.
Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezingakumbi kwi-teknoloji ye-TV ye-plasma, khangela isicatshulwa sethu somhlobo .
LCD Technology
Ukuthatha enye indlela, ii-LCD TV nazo zineprojekthi yegubhinethi encinci njengeTV ye-plasma. Kwakhona luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lweTV olukhoyo. Nangona kunjalo, esikhundleni sokukhanyisa i-phosphors, iipekseli zivaliwe kuphela okanye kwizinga elithile lokuhlaziya.
Ngamanye amagama, yonke imifanekiso iboniswa (okanye ivuselelwe) yonke i-24, 30, 60 okanye i-120 yesibini. Enyanisweni, nge-LCD unakho ukuvuselela ii-24, 25, 30, 50, 60, 72, 100, 120, 240, okanye 480 (kude kube ngoku). Nangona kunjalo, amazinga ahlaziya ngokuqhelekileyo kwii-TV ze-LCD yi-60 okanye i-120. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba izinga lokuvuselela alifani nereyithi yesalathisi .
Kufuneka kwakhona kuqaphele ukuba ii-pixels ze-LCD azivelisi ukukhanya kwazo. Ukuze i-LCD TV ibonise umfanekiso obonakalayo, iipekseli ze-LCD kufuneka "zibuyiselwe." I-backlight, kwiimeko ezininzi, iqhubeka. Kule nkqubo, iipekseli zivaliwe ngokukhawuleza kwaye zivaliwe ngokweemfuno zomfanekiso. Ukuba iipikseli zivaliwe, azivumeli ukukhanya kwakhona, kwaye xa zikhona, ukukhanya okuvela kuyo kuvela.
Inkqubo yokukhanyisa i-LCD TV ingaba yiCCFL okanye i-HCL (i-fluorescent) okanye i-LED. Igama elithi "I-TV ye-LED" ibhekisela kwinkqubo yokusetyenziselwa umbane. Zonke ii-TV ze-LED ngokwenene ziLCD TV .
Kukho ubuchwephesha obusetyenziswayo ngokubambisana ne-backlight, njenge-dimming global and dimming local. Ubu buchwepheshe be-dimming basebenzise i-LED epheleleyo-esekelwe kwi-system okanye i-backlight system.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwehlabathi jikelele kuyahluka umahluko we-backlight ukushaya zonke iipikseli ezibonakalayo ezimnyama okanye eziqaqambileyo, ngelixa i-dimming yendawo yenzelwe ukushaya amaqela athile eepekseli kuxhomekeka kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezifunekayo ukuba zibe mnyama okanye zikhanyise ngaphezu komfanekiso wonke.
Ukongezelela ekubuyiseni ukukhanya kunye ne-dimming, enye iteknoloji iqeshwe kwii-TV zeLCD ezikhethiweyo ukuphucula umbala: amachashaza enani . Ezi zi-"nanoparticles" ezikhethekileyo ezixhalabele imibala ethile. Iingxube ze-Quantum zingabekwe eceleni kweeditha ze-LCD TV okanye kumgca wefilimu phakathi kwe-backlight kunye nee-pixels ze-LCD. I-Samsung ibhekisela kumaTV e-ene-TV eneenkcukacha njengee-TV ze-QLED: Q ngamachashaza amanani, kunye ne-LED yokubuyiselwa kwe-LED-kodwa akukho nto ibonakalisa iTV njengeLCD yangempela yeTV.
Ngezinye ii-TV ze-LCD, kuquka ukuthenga iziphakamiso, khangela kwakhona isiKhokelo sethu kwii-TV ze-LCD .
OLED Technology
I-OLED yile teknoloji entsha yeTV efumanekayo kubathengi. Isetyenziswe kwiifowuni, iipilisi, kunye nezinye iifowuni ezincinane zesikrini kwithuba elithile, kodwa ukususela ngo-2013 sele isetyenziswe ngempumelelo kwizicelo ezinkulu zethengi zabathengi.
I-OLED imele idiode ekhanyayo yokukhanya. Ukuyigcina ilula, isikrini senziwe ngamaphikseli, amacandelo anesiseko esisemgangathweni (hayi, apheli ngokwenene). I-OLED inezinye zeempawu zombini ze-LCD kunye ne-TV yeTlasma.
Yiyiphi i-OLED efana nayo neLCD kukuba i-OLED inokufakwa kwiindawo ezixakeke kakhulu, ukunika amandla ukubunjwa kwefomati yeTV kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla okusebenza ngamandla. Nangona kunjalo, njengeLCD, ii-TV ze-OLED zixhomekeke kwiziphene zepikseli ezifile.
Oko i-OLED ifana kunye ne-plasma kukuba iipekseli zizimela ngokwazo (akukho ukukhanya, ukukhanya kwe-edge, okanye ukutshabalalisa kwendawo kuyadingeka), amanqanaba amnyama amanzulu anokuveliswa (eqinisweni, i-OLED ingavelisa abamnyama abamnyama), i-OLED inikezela ibanga elingabonakaliyo lokujonga indawo, ukuthelekisa kakuhle ngokubhekiselele kwimpendulo ehamba phambili. Nangona kunjalo, njenge-plasma, i-OLED iyakuthi iyatshise.
Kwakhona, izibonakaliso kukuba izikrini ze-OLED zinempilo emfutshane kuneLCD okanye iplasma, ngokukodwa kwincinci eluhlaza okombala wombala. Ukongezelela, iindleko zokuvelisa iifayile zeOLED zangoku kwii-large screen-size ezifunekayo kwiTV ziphezulu kakhulu xa zithelekiswa nazo zonke ezinye ubuchwepheshe beTV.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuhamba kunye neendlela ezintle kunye neengxaki, i-OLED ithathwa ngabaninzi ukuba ibonise imifanekiso engcono kakhulu ibonwe kude kwi-teknoloji yeTV. Kwakhona, uphawu oluthile olubonakalayo lwe-OLED yeThekhnoloji ye-TV kukuba iipaneli zincinci kangangokuthi ziyakwazi ukuguquguquka, okubangele ukuveliswa kweeTV ze-screen-screen . (Ezinye ii-TV ze-LCD zenziwe kunye nezikrini ezibaziweyo.)
I-teknoloji ye-OLED inokusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezininzi zeTV. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo eyenziwa yi-LG iyona eqhelekileyo isetyenziswa. Inkqubo ye-LG ithunyelwa njengeWRGB. I-WRGB idibanisa i-OLED emhlophe ye-self-emitting subpixels enefayile ebomvu, eluhlaza, kunye nebala. Indlela ye-LG ijoliswe ekunciphiseni umonakalo wokukhawuleza kombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka obonakala ubonakala nge-blue-emitting pixels OLED.
Iiboniso zeFixed-Pixel
Nangona ukungafani phakathi kwe-plasma, i-LCD, i-DLP kunye ne-TV ye-OLED, bonke babelana ngokufanayo.
I-Plasma, i-LCD, i-DLP, kunye nee-TV ze-OLED zinenani elipheleleyo leepikseli zesikrini; ngoko, "zibonakaliswe" zibonakaliso ze-pixel. Izibonakaliso zokufaka ezineempendulo eziphakamileyo kufuneka zilandelwe ukulingana nenani lepikelli yensimu ye-plasma, i-LCD, i-DLP, okanye i-OLED. Umzekelo, umqondiso wesasazo we-1080i we- HDTV ufuna ukubonakaliswa komthonyama wee-pixels ze-1920x1080 kwindawo yokubonisa nganye kwi-HDTV.
Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni i-plasma, i-LCD, i-DLP kunye ne-TV ye-OLED inokubonisa kuphela imifanekiso eqhubekayo, imiqondiso ye-1080i isoloko ivela deinterlaced ibe ngu-1080p ukuze iboniswe kwi-TV ye-1080p, okanye i-deinterlaced ize ifike kwi-768p, 720p, okanye i-480p, kuxhomekeka isisombululo sepixel somthonyama seTV. Ngokwenene, akukho nto ifana ne-LCD 1080i, i-plasma, i-DLP, okanye i-OLED TV.
Ngaphantsi
Xa kuziwa ekubekeni umfanekiso ohambayo kwiskrini seTV, kukho iteknoloji eninzi ibandakanyekayo, kwaye iteknoloji nganye esebenzayo kwixesha elidlulileyo kunye nelikhoyo linamathuba kunye neentsilelo. Nangona kunjalo, umbuzo ubelokhu uyenzela ukuba iteknoloji "ingabonakali" kumbukeli. Nangona ufuna ukujwayelana nezobuchwepheshe, kunye nazo zonke ezinye iimpawu ozifunayo kunye noko kuya kufaneleka kwigumbi lakho , umgca wukuthi ingaba oko ubonayo kwesikrini kubonakala kukuhle kuwe noko uza kulufuna ukwenza okwenzekayo.