Khangela oko okufuneka ukwazi nge HDMI ukusuka kwi-1.0 ukuya ku-2.1.
I-HDMI imele i-Interface Definition Multimedia Interface. I-HDMI imilinganiselo ehambelanayo yokuxhumeka esetyenziselwa ukudlulisela ividiyo kunye ne-audio digitally ukusuka kumthombo ukuya kwidivaysi yokubonisa ividiyo okanye ezinye izinto ezihambelanayo.
I-HDMI ikwabandakanya amalungiselelo olawulo oluphambili lwezixhobo ezininzi ezixhunyiwe kwi-HDMI (CEC) , kunye nokufakwa kwe- HDCP (kwi-High-bandwidth Digital Copy Protection) , evumela ababoneleli be-content ukuba banqande umxholo wabo ukuba bakopishwe ngokungekho mthethweni.
Izixhobo ezingabandakanya ukuxhumeka kwe-HDMI ziquka:
- I-HD ne-Ultra HD TV, iividiyo kunye nabagadi be-PC kunye neeprojekti zevidiyo
- Abamkeli beeTheatre zaseKhaya, ii-Home-Drama-in-bhokisi Iinkqubo kunye ne-Soundbars
- Upscaling iDVD, i-Blu-ray kunye ne-Ultra HD Players Blu-ray
- Abaxhasi beMedia kunye nabaDlali beMedia Media
- Iikholeji ze-HD kunye neebhokisi ze-Satellite
- I-DVD Recorders ne-DVD Recorder / VCR combos (yokudlala kuphela - awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-HDMI ngomthombo wokurekhoda).
- I-Smartphones (kunye kunye neMHL ).
- Iikhamera zeDajethi neeKhamera
I & # 39; s Zonke NgeeVu
Kukho iinguqu ezininzi ze-HDMI eziye zaphunyezwa kwiminyaka. Kwimeko nganye, umnxibelelwano womzimba ufana, kodwa amandla aguqukile. Kuxhomekeke xa uthenge i-HDMI inikwe amandla, icwangcisa ukuba yiyiphi i-HDMI ifowuni yakho inokuba nayo. Inguqulelo elandelelanayo ye-HDMI iyahambelana neempendulo zangaphambilini, awuyi kukwazi ukufikelela kuzo zonke iimpawu zenguqulo entsha.
Ngezantsi uluhlu lwazo zonke iinguqulelo ezifanelekileyo ze-HDMI ezisetyenzisiweyo ezidweliswe ukusuka kwangoku ukuya kwangaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba akuzona zonke izakhiwo zasekhaya ezithathwa njengezinto ezihambelanayo nomxholo othile we-HDMI uza kuzinikela ngokuzenzekelayo zonke ezo zinto. Ngamnye umenzi unako ukukhetha-nokukhetha ukuba yiyiphi impawu kwi-HDMI yabo ekhethiweyo efuna ukuyifaka kwimveliso yabo.
HDMI 2.1
NgoJanuwari 2017, ukuphuhliswa kwe-HDMI Version 2.1 kwaziswa kodwa kwakungenakwenziwa ukufumana ilayisenisi kunye nokuphunyezwa kuze kube nguNovemba 2017. Iinkonzo ezibandakanya i-HDMI 2.1 ziya kufumaneka ekuqaleni kwe-2018.
I-HDMI 2.1 isekela ezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Isixazululo seVidiyo kunye neNkxaso yeNkcazo yeNkcazo: 4K 50/60 (fps), 4K 100/120, 5K 50/60, 5K 100/120, 8K 50/60, 8K 100/120 , 10K 50/60, 10K 100/120.
- Inkxaso yeMbala: iWide Color Gamut (BT2020), kwi-10, 12, ne-16 Bits.
- Ukuxhaswa kwe-HDR Inkxaso: Nangona i-Dolby Vision, i-HDR10 kunye ne-Hybrid Log Gamma sele ihambelana ne-HDMI 2.0a / b, i-HDMI 2.1 iya kunika nayiphi na ifom ye-HDR ezayo engeke ixhaswe yi-HDMI ver 2.0a / b.
- Inkxaso Yomsindo: Njengoko i-HDMI 2.0 kunye ne-2.0a, zonke iifom ezungeleleyo ezisetyenziswayo ziyahambelana.
- Inkxaso Yezemidlalo : VRR (i-Variable Refresh Rate) ixhaswa. Oku kunceda iprojekti yegraphic 3D ukuba ibonise umfanekiso ngexesha elikunikezelwayo - ukuvumela umdlalo wegeyimu ogqithiseleyo kunye nolungcono, kuquka ukunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa i-lag, ukuthutha kunye nokuqhaqha.
- Inkxaso yeChetshi : 48Gps - ukuze ufikelele kwii-HDMI ezixhobo ezikhutshiweyo ezi-2.1, ikhebula le-HDMI elixhasa isantya sokudlulisa i-48Gps liyadingeka.
HDMI 2.0b
Ukwaziswa ngo-Matshi 2016, i-HDMI 2.0b ixhasa inkxaso ye-HDR kwifomathi ye-Hybrid Log Gamma, ejoliswe ukuba isetyenziswe kwiiplati zokusasaza ze-4K Ultra HD, ezifana ne- ATSC 3.0 .
HDMI 2.0a
Ukwaziswa ngo-Ephreli 2015, i-HDMI 2.0a isekela oku kulandelayo:
Ukongeza inkxaso ye-HDR (High Dynamic Range) ubuchwepheshe, njenge- HDR10 kunye neDolby Vision .
Oko kuthetha ukuthini abathengi kukuba ii-4K Ultra HD ze-TV ezibandakanya i-HDR iteknoloji inakho ukubonisa uluhlu olubanzi lwabhanya kunye nokuphambana (okwenza imibala ibonakale ingakumbi) kunomlinganiselo we-4K Ultra HD TV.
Ukusebenzisa inzuzo ye-HDR, umxholo kufuneka uqhotyoshelwe ngeemfuneko ze-HDR imethadatha. Le methadatha, ukuba ivela kumthombo wangaphandle, kufuneka idluliselwe kwiTV nge-HDMI. I-HDR ikhowudi ekhowudiweyo ifumaneka ngefomathi ye- Ultra HD Blu-ray Disc kwaye ukhethe ababoneleli bokusakaza.
HDMI 2.0
Ukwaziswa ngoSeptemba 2013, i-HDMI 2.0 inika oku kulandelayo:
- Ukwandisa isisombululo se-4K (2160p) se-HDMI 1.4 / 1.4a ukuba samkele i-50Hz okanye i-60Hz ireyithi zerhafu (ubuninzi bezinga lokudlulisa i-Gbps kunye nombala we-8-bit).
- Unokwamkela izithuba ezi-32 zangexesha elilodwa zomsindo ezinganceda amafomathi angqongileyo angaphezulu, afana neDolby Atmos , iDTS: X , kunye neAuro 3D Audio
- Ukwazi ukuthumela imifudlana emibili yeevidiyo ezizimeleyo ekubukeni kwesikrini esifanayo.
- Ukukwazi ukuthumela kwiimilambo ezine ezahlukileyo zomsindo kubaphulaphuli abaninzi.
- Inkxaso yendawo yokuzalwa yase-21: 9 (2.35: 1).
- Ukuvumelanisa ngokuchanekileyo kwevidiyo kunye nemisindo yomsindo.
- Ukwandiswa kwamandla e-HDMI-CEC.
- Ukuphuculwa kwe-HDCP yokukhuphela ikopi ebizwa ngokuba yi-HDCP 2.2.
HDMI 1.4
Ukwaziswa ngo-Meyi 2009, i-HDMI version 1.4 isekela oku kulandelayo:
- Isiteshi se-Ethernet ye-HDMI: Olu longeza intanethi kunye nokuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi yasekhaya kwi-HDMI. Ngamanye amagama, zombini i-Ethernet kunye ne-HDMI imisebenzi iyatholakala ngaphakathi kwekhompyutha enye.
- Isixhobo sokubuyisela isiXhosa : Esi sinokusetyenziswa kwe-HDMI 1.4. Ingaba le nxalenye ibonelela nge-HDMI inxibelelaniso phakathi kweTV kunye ne-receiver yasekhaya engenakukwazi ukugqithisa kuphela iimpawu zomsindo / zevidiyo ukusuka kwi-receiver ukuya kwi-TV kodwa udlulise umsindo ovela kwi-tuner ye-TV ukuya kumkeli. Ngamanye amagama, xa uphulaphule umsindo ofikeleleke ngombonisi weTV, awudingi ukuxhunywa olwahlukileyo oluvela kwi-TV ukuya kumkeli womncedisi wekhaya.
- I-3D Ngaphezulu kwe-HDMI: I- HDMI 1.4 yenzelwe ukufumana imigangatho ye-3D Blu-ray Disc , enegunya lokudlulisa izibonakaliso ezimbini ze-1080p ngokufanayo usebenzisa uxhumano olulodwa. QAPHELA: Ukuhlaziywa (i-HDMI 1.4a) kuqukwa nenkxaso eyongezelelweyo yefomati ze-3D ezingasetyenziselwa kuTshintshiso lweTV, iC Cable, kunye ne-Satellite.
- Inkxaso yeSombululo se-4Kx2K: I- HDMI 1.4 ingakwazi ukufumana isisombululo se-4K kwisilinganiselo se-30hz yesreyimu.
- Ukwandiswa kweMbala yeNkxaso yeeDajethi zeDavidi: Oku kukuvumela ukuveliswa kombala xa ubonisa idijithali kusekhona iifoto ezivela kwi-HDMI ezixhunyiwe kwiiDamera zeDisk.
- Umxhasi we-micro HDMI: Nangona i-HDMI mini-connector yaziswa ngo-1.3, njengoko iifowuni ziyaqhubeka zincinci, "i-HDMI yeMicrosoft" yaqaliswa ukusetyenziswa nakwiinkcukacha ezincinci, ezifana ne-smartphones, Umxube omncinci uxhasa ukufikelela kwisisombululo esingu-1080p .
- Inkqubo Yokuxhumela Imoto : Ngokunyuka kwamadivaysi alalelwayo / ividyo zedijithali zedijithali, i-HDMI 1.4 inokusingatha ukutshukunyiswa, ukufudumala kunye nentsimbi enokubangela ukuba umgangatho wokuveliswa komsindo kunye nevidiyo.
I-HDMI 1.3 / HDMI 1.3a
Ukwaziswa ngoJuni 2006, i-HDMI 1.3 isekela oku kulandelayo:
- I-Bandwidth eyandisiweyo kunye noTshintsho loTshintsho: Ukuhambelana nokusungulwa kwe-Blu-ray Disc kunye ne-HD-DVD, i-version 1.3 yongezwa ngokubanzi komnxeba kunye nenkxaso yedatha ngokukhawuleza (kufika kwi-10.2Gbps).
- Inkxaso yesisombululo esandisiweyo inikezelwa izigqibo ngaphezulu kwe-1080p kodwa ngaphantsi kwe-4K.
- Inkxaso Yomsindo eyandisiweyo: Ukuqhubeka nokuxhasa i-Blu-ray kunye ne-HD-DVD kwicala lomculo, u-1.3 usebenzisa amandla okufumana i- Dolby Digital Plus , i- Dolby TrueHD kunye ne-DTS-HD Master Iifom ezizungezile izandi zomsindo.
- I Synch Lip: Ukongezwa kwe-lip-synch ngokuzenzekelayo ukuhlawula imiphumo yexesha lokucoca ngevidiyo kunye nevidiyo phakathi kokuboniswa kwevidiyo kunye nezixhobo zevidiyo / zomsindo.
- Umxhasi woMnxeba: Ukuqaliswa kwe-mini-connector ukulungelelanisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zendalo, ezifana neekhamera ze-digital kunye neekhamera.
I-HDMI 1.3a yongeze ii-tweaks ezincinane kwi-1.3 kwaye yaziswa ngoNovemba 2006.
HDMI 1.2
Ukwaziswa ngo-Agasti 2005, i-HDMI 1.2 ifaka amandla okudlulisa iimpawu zomsindo we-SACD kwifomu yedijithali ukusuka kumdlali ohambelana nommkeli.
HDMI 1.1
Ukwaziswa ngo-Meyi 2004, i-HDMI 1.1 inika amandla okudlulisela kuphela ividiyo kunye nezandi zombini zomsindo phezu kwekhebuli enye, kodwa wongezelela amandla okudlulisa i- Dolby Digital , iDTS , kunye ne-DVD-Audio yomqondiso wezandi, kunye nama- 7.1 ye-PCM .
HDMI 1.0
Ukwaziswa ngoDisemba ka-2002, i-HDMI 1.0 yaqala ngokuxhasa inkxaso yokudlulisa isignali yevidiyo ye-digital (standard or high-definition definition) kunye nesignali yomsindo wesibini kwiqela elilodwa, njenge-CDMI eneenkcukacha zeDVD kunye neTV okanye iprojekti yevidiyo.
Iikhompyutha zeHDMI
Xa uthengisa iikhompyutha ze-HDMI , kukho iintlobo zeemveliso eziyisixhenxe ezikhoyo:
- HDMI Standard
- I-HDMI Standard kunye ne-Ethernet
- I-HDMI yemoto
- I-HDMI High Speed
- I-HDMI High Speed kunye ne-Ethernet
- I-HDMI High Speed nge-Ethernet
- Ukukhawuleza okuphezulu kwe-HDMI ye-Ultra Premium (ezayo kwizicelo eziyi-8K)
Ukuze uthole iinkcukacha kwicandelo ngalinye, khangela kwi-Offline ethi "Ukufumana Ikhompyutheni Efanelekileyo" kwiHDMI.org.
Okunye ukupakisha, ngokubaluleka komenzi, kunokufumana iinkcukacha ezongeziweyo zedatha yokudluliselwa kwedatha (10Gbps okanye 18Gbps), i-HDR, kunye / okanye umbala osemgangathweni womdlalo we-gamut.
Ngaphantsi
I-HDMI ngumgangatho oqhelekileyo wokunxibelelana womsindo / wevidiyo oqhubekayo uhlaziywa ukuhlangabezana neefomathi zevidiyo kunye nezandi.
Ukuba unamalungu afaka iinguqulelo ze-HDMI ezindala, awukwazi ukufikelela kwiimpawu ezivela kwiinguqulelo ezalandelayo, kodwa uya kusaya ukusebenzisa izixhobo zakho ze-HDMI ezindala kunye nezixhobo ezitsha, awuyi kuba nako ukufikelela kwindlela esandula ukuyifaka iimpawu (kuxhomekeka kwinto eyenziwa ngumenzi wangempela kwimveliso ethile).
Ngamanye amagama, musa ukuphakamisa iingalo zakho emoyeni ekukhungathekeni, ukuwela ezinzulwini zokuphelelwa yithemba, okanye ukuqala ukucwangcisa i-garage ukuthengiswa ukuze ulahle izinto zakho zokusebenza ze-HDMI endala - ukuba izixhobo zakho ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngendlela ofuna nabo, ulungile - ukhetho lokuphucula luya kuwe.
I-HDMI iyahambelana nendawo yokuxhunywa ye-DVI endala nge-adaptator adapter. Nangona kunjalo, gcinani engqondweni ukuba i-DVI idlulisela kuphela iimpawu zevidiyo, ukuba ufuna i-audio, uza kufuneka unxibelelwano olongezelelweyo.
Nangona i-HDMI iye yahamba indlela ende yokumisa ukudibanisa i-audio kunye nevidiyo kunye nokunciphisa i-clutter yekhebula, inayo imida kunye nemiba, ephinda ihlolwe kwakhona kumacandelo ethu amanqaku: