Iskripthi sokuqhubela phambili - Isiseko sokwenziwa kwevidiyo
Ngethulo lwayo phakathi kwee-1990, iDVD ibe yintloko yenguqulelo yekhaya. Ngomgangatho ophezulu wokuphucula umfanekiso kwiVHS kunye ne-TV ye-analog, i-DVD ibonakalise ukuhamba phambili kokuzonwabisa kwekhaya. Enye yegalelo ephezulu yeDVD yayingumsebenzi wendlela yokuqhubela phambili yokuphucula umgangatho wokubukela iTV.
I-Interlaced Scan - Isiseko soMboniso weVidiyo yeNdabuko
Ngaphambi kokuba singene kulokuphi ukukhangela okuqhubekayo kunye nokubaluleka kwayo ekuphuculeni amava okubukela iTV, kubalulekile ukuqonda indlela imifanekiso ye-analog yevidiyo eyaboniswa kwiskrini seTV. Imiqondiso ye-Analog TV , njengalezo ezivela kwisikhululo sendawo, inkampani yekhamera, okanye iVCR yaboniswa kwisikrini seTV esebenzisa iteknoloji eyaziwa njenge-Interlaced Scan. Kwakukho iindlela ezimbini zokuskena eziphambili ezisetyenziswayo: i- NTSC ne- PAL .
- I-NTSC isekelwe kwinkqubo yee-525-imigca, amasimu angama-60 / ama-30-nganye-yesibini kwi-60 Hz yokuhambisa nokubonisa imifanekiso yevidiyo. Le nkqubo yinkqubo ekhethiweyo apho isakhelo ngasinye sithathwa kwiinkalo ezimbini zemizila engama-262, ehlanganiselwe ukubonisa isakhelo sevidiyo kunye nemigca ye-525 yokukhangela. Amazwe anesiseko se-NTSC yi-US, Canada, Mexico, ezinye iindawo zaseMbindi naseMzantsi Melika, eJapan, eTaiwan naseKorea.
- I-PAL isekelwe kumgca we-625, iifama ezingama-50 / ama-25 kwisakhelo sesibini, inkqubo ye-50HZ. Isalathisi sihamba phakathi, njenge-NTSC, kumacandelo amabini, iqulethwe ngamanqaku angama-312 nganye. Ukongezelela, i-PAL inomlinganiselo wesreyimu esondeleyo kwifilimu. I-PAL inomlinganiselo wesreyimu we-25 ngomzuzwana, ngelixa umxholo wefilimu kusekelwe kwisilinganiselo sesreyimu sama-24 ozimele ngesibini. Amazwe anesiseko se-PAL aquka i-UK, iJamani, iSpain, iPortugal, iItali, iChina, i-Indiya, ininzi ye-Afrika kunye neMbindi Mpuma.
Yisiphi iSkripthi Sokuqhubekayo
Ngokufika kweekhompyutha zekhompyutha kunye neofisi, kwafumanisa ukuba ukusebenzisa i-TV yemveli ekuboniseni imifanekiso yekhompyutheni ayizange ibe nemiphumo emihle, ingakumbi ngokubhaliweyo. Oku kubangelwa yimpembelelo yekhnoloji ye-scan interlaced. Ukuze kuveliswe indlela ekholisayo kunye neyona ndlela ecacileyo yokubonisa imifanekiso kwikhompyutheni, uphuhliso lwekhnoloji yokuqhubela phambili luye lwaphuhliswa.
Ukutshekisha okuqhubekayo kuyahluka kwi-scan interlaced kwinto yokuba umfanekiso ukhonjiswe kwiskrini ngokuskena umgca ngamnye (okanye umgca weepikseli) kwimiyalelo elandeleleneyo kunokuba kukho enye indlela, njengoko kwenziwa nge-scan interlaced. Ngamanye amagama, kwi-scan eqhubekayo, imizila yomfanekiso (okanye ilayiti yepikelel) ichithwa ngokulandelana kwamanani (1,2,3) phantsi kwesikrini ukusuka phezulu ukuya ngasezantsi, esikhundleni somyalelo omnye (imigca okanye imigqa ye-1.3, 5, njl ... ilandelwe imigca okanye imigqa 2.4,6).
Ngokuqhubela phambili ukutshintshela umfanekiso kwiskrini ngokutshatyalaliswa komnye kunokuba ukwakhiwe umfanekiso ngokudibanisa i-half-half, umfanekiso ogqithisileyo, ocacileyo ungabonakaliswa ngokufanelekileyo ukujonga iinkcukacha ezilungileyo, ezifana nokubhaliweyo kunye nokunyakaza, kuncinci kunokungena shenxisa.
Ukubona le teknoloji njengendlela yokuphucula indlela esibheka ngayo imifanekiso kwisikrini sevidiyo, iteknoloji yokukhangela eqhutywayo yabe isetyenziswe kwiDVD.
Ukubambisana
Ngokufika kwenkcazelo ephezulu yekrini ye- Plasma , i- LCD TV, kunye neeprojekti zevidiyo , isisombululo esenziwe yi-TV yemveli, i-VCR kunye ne-DVD imithombo ayizange iveliswe kakuhle ngendlela yokuhlaziya.
Ukuhlawulela, ukongeza kwi-scan scan, abenzi beTV bavelise umxholo weNqakrazo yokuLungisa.
Nangona kukho iindlela ezininzi ezingasetyenziselwa, kwi-core yayo, iTV enekhono lokuphindaphinda kabini idala "imigca phakathi kwemigca", edibanisa impawu yomgca ngasentla kunye nomgca ongezantsi ukuze unike umbala wesithunzi esiphezulu. Le mizila emitsha yongezwa kwisakhiwo somgca woqobo kwaye yonke imigca iya kukhishwa ngokukhawuleza kwithempyuthele.
Nangona kunjalo, i-drawback kunye ne-doubles line iyona nto inokuphumela, njengoko imigca esanda kudala ifanele ihambe kunye nesenzo kumfanekiso. Ukugqithisa imifanekiso, ukusetyenziswa kwevidiyo eyongezelelweyo kuyadingeka.
3: 2 I-Pulldown - Ukutshintshela iFayile kwiVidiyo
Nangona ukuzama ukuqhubela phambili kunye nomzamo wokuphindaphinda kabini ukujongana neziphene zemifanekiso yevidiyo, kukho enye ingxaki ekhusela ukubonakaliswa kweefilikhi ezichanekileyo ekuqaleni kwidrama ekufuneka ibonwe kakuhle kwiTV. Kwiinkcukacha ezisuka kwizixhobo ze-PAL kunye neTV, le nto ayiyona mbambano enkulu njengoko izinga le-PAL yesreyimu kunye nereyithi yesakhelo sefilimu sisondele kakhulu, ngoko kulungiswe ukulungiswa okuncinci ukubonisa ifilimu ngokuchanekileyo kwi-screen ye-PAL TV. Nangona kunjalo, akunjalo neNTSC.
Ingxaki nge-NTSC kukuba iifrimu zidlalwa ngamaplanga ama-24 ngeesibini kunye nevidiyo ye-NTSC iveliswa kwaye iboniswe kwiifom ezingama-30 ngesibini.
Oku kuthetha ukuba xa ifilimu idluliselwa kwiDVD (okanye i-videotape) kwi-NTSC-based system, iifom yeefomathi kunye nevidiyo kufuneka ilandelwe. Ukuba uke wazama ukudlulisa i-movie ye-8 okanye ye-16mm ye-movie ngokukhupha i-video ekhupha isikrini se-movie njengoko i-movie iboniswa, uya kuqonda le ngxaki. Ekubeni iifayile zeefilimu zixhaswa kwiifom ezi-24 ngesibini, kwaye i-camcorder ifakisha kwiifom ezingama-30 ngesibini, imifanekiso yefestile iya kubonisa ukukhwabanisa okukhulu xa udlala i-videotape yakho. Isizathu salokhu kukuba iifowuni esikrinini zihamba ngesantya esicothayo kunamafayile evidiyo kwikhamera, kwaye ekubeni ukuhamba kwefayile akuhambelani, oku kuvelisa umonakalo oqhaqhazelayo xa ifilimu idluliselwa kwividiyo ngaphandle uhlengahlengiso.
Ukuze unqanyulwe ukutshabisa, xa ifilimu idluliselwa ngokufanelekileyo kwividiyo (nokuba i-DVD, i-VHS, okanye enye ifomathi), umlinganiselo wefrimu yefrimu "isalwe" ngolu hlobo olusondelelene kakhulu nomlinganiselo wefayile yefrimu kwireyithi yefom yevidiyo.
Nangona kunjalo, umbuzo uhleli malunga nendlela yokubonisa ngokuchanekileyo iTV.
Iskripthi sokuqhubeka kunye no-3: 2 iPulldown
Ukuze ubone ifilimu kwindawo yayo echanekileyo, kufuneka iboniswe kwiifom ezi-24 ngeesibini kwikhompyutha okanye isikrini seTV.
Ukuze wenze oku ngokuchanekileyo kunokwenzeka kwi-NTSC-based system, umthombo, njengomdlali weDVD kufuneka ufumane u-3: 2 ukufunyanwa kwe-pulldown, uguqule inkqubo ye-3: 2 yokukhutshwa kwesohlwayo eyayisetyenziswa ukubeka ividiyo kwiDVD, kwaye ivelise kwiifom zayo zangaphambili ezingama-24 ngefomathi yesibini, ngelixa lihambelana nama-30 amafowuni ngesistim somboniso wevidiyo yesibini.
Oku kufezwe ngumdlali weDVD oxhotyiswe ngolu hlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-MPEG isisombululo, oludibaniswe nento ekubhekiswa kuyo ngokuthi i-deinterlacer efunda i-3: 2 i-video ye-pulldown yevidiyo ekhutshwe kwiDVD kwaye icokisa iifayile ezifanelekileyo kwiifayile ezivela kwiifayile zevidiyo , uhlaziya ngokukhawuleza ezo zifom, zenza nayiphi na isilungiso se-artifact, ize idlulisele lo mboniso wevidiyo ngecandelo eliphambili le-video elisebenzayo (Y, Pb, Pr) okanye i- HDMI .
Ukuba umdlali wakho weDVD unokuhlaziya ngaphandle kwe-3: 2 ukufunyanwa kwe-pulldown, kuya kuvelisa umfanekiso ogqithiseleyo kunevidiyo yemveli, njengokuba umdlali we-DVD oqhubekayo uya kufunda umfanekiso ochithwayo weDVD kwaye uqhube umfanekiso ohamba phambili wesignali aze adlule ukuba kwiTV okanye iprojekti yevidiyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umdlali weDVD unokongezwa kwe-3: 2 ukufunyanwa kwe-pulldown, kungekhona nje kuphela ukuba ividiyo yakho ibonise umfanekiso okhangela ngokukhawuleza, kodwa uza kufumana ifilimu yeDVD kwilizwe elisondeleyo kunokwenzeka kwizinto oza kuzibona ezivela Iprojekti yangempela yefilimu, ngaphandle kokuba kusekho kwisizinda sevidiyo.
Iskripthi sokuqhubela phambili kunye ne-HDTV
Ukongeza kwiDVD, ukukhangela okuqhubekayo kusetyenziswa kwi- DTV, i-HDTV , i-Blu-ray Disc kunye ne-TV yokusasazwa kwakhona.
Umzekelo, inkcazo engumgangatho weDTV isasazwa nge-480p (iimpawu ezifanayo njengendlela yokuqhubela phambili i-DVD - ii-480 imigca okanye iipixel imigqa echithwe ngokukhawuleza) kwaye i-HDTV isasazwa kwi- 720p (imigqa ye-720p okanye imigqa yepikelel iqhutywe ngokukhawuleza) okanye i-1080i (imitha eyi-1,080 okanye i-pixel imiqolo elandelwayo yenziwe ngamanqanaba ama-540 nganye) . Ukuze ufumane le miqondiso, udinga i-HDTV kunye ne-tuner ye-HDTV eyakhelwe ngaphakathi okanye i-tuner yangaphandle ye-HD, iCandelo le-HD okanye ibhokisi leSatellite.
Okukufunayo Ukufikelela kwiSkripthi eqhubekayo
Ukuze ufikelele kwi-scan scan, zombini iqela lomthombo, njenge-DVD player, ikhebula le-HD, okanye ibhokisi le-satellite, kunye ne-TV, ukuboniswa kwevidiyo okanye iprojekti yevidyo kufuneka kube yinkqubo yokukhangela okuqhubekayo (ezo zonke zithengwa ngo-2009 okanye kamva ), kunye nomthombo wesisiseko (iDVD / Blu-ray Disc player, iChets / Ibhokisi leSatellite), kufuneka ibe neprojekthi yevidiyo eyenziwa ngokukhawuleza, okanye i- DVI (i-Digital Video Interface) okanye i- HDMI. ) isiphumo esivumela ukutshintshwa kwemigangatho ephezulu kunye neenkcazo eziphezulu zokukhangela imifanekiso kumabonwakude afanelekileyo.
Kubalulekile ukubonisa ukuba ukuhlanganiswa okuqhelekileyo okudibeneyo kunye ne-S-Vidéyo akudlulisi imifanekiso yevidiyo yokuqhubeka phambili. Kwakhona, Ukuba unamathela kwisiphumo sokuskena kwi-TV engenakuqhubekayo, awuyi kufumana umfanekiso (oku kusebenza kuphela kwii-TV ezininzi ze-CRT - yonke i-LCD, iPlasma, kunye ne-TV ye-OLED zihambelana nokuqhutshwa kwe-scan).
Ukuze ukhangele ukutshekisha okuqhubekayo kunye no-3: 2, u-DVD okanye i-TV kufuneka ukuba ufumane u-3: 2 ukufunyanwa kwe-pulldown (kungekho ingxaki nayiphi na into ethengwe ngo-2009 okanye kamva). Ukhetho luya kuba ngumdlali we-DVD onokufumana ukufunyanwa kwe-3: 2 kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo enze umsebenzi we-pulldown osebenzayo, kunye nomboniso onokuqhubekayo wokubukela umboniso umfanekiso ovela kwisidlali seDVD. Kukho ukhetho lwemenyu kokubili umdlali we-DVD oqhubekayo kunye nomboniso oqhubekayo wokuhlaziya (HDTV) oya kukunceda ukusetha umdlali weDVD onokuqhubela phambili kunye nombonisi wevidyo okanye umboniso wevidiyo.
Ngaphantsi
Iskripthi esiphuthumayo ngenye yeziseko zobugcisa zokuphucula i-TV kunye namava okubukela kwikhaya. Ekubeni kuqale ukusebenza, izinto ziye zavela. I-DVD ngoku ihlala kunye ne-Blu-ray , kwaye i-HDTV idlulela kwi- 4K Ultra HD TV , kwaye kunye nokukhangela okuqhubekayo akuzange kube yinto nje yendlela imifanekiso iboniswa ngayo kwiskrini, kodwa ibuye isinike isiseko esongezelelweyo sokwenza ezinye iindlela zokucoca ngevidiyo, ezifana nevidiyo kwi-upscaling .