Enye yamathegi oya kufunda kusasa kwimfundo yakho yokuklama yewebhu yimiqulu yamagama ebizwa ngokuba "itekisi yokugxininisa." Makhe sijonge ukuba zezi zithini kunye nokuba zisetyenziselwa njani kulwakhiwo lwewebhu namhlanje.
Buyela kwi XHTML
Ukuba ufunde iminyaka ye-HTML edlulileyo, ngaphambi kokunyuka kwe-HTML5, mhlawumbi wasebenzisa ii-tags ezinesibindi kunye neetalics. Njengoko ungalindela, la matye ajika izinto zibe ngumbhalo obhaliweyo okanye itekisi yecala ngokulandelanayo. Ingxaki ngala manqaku, kwaye kutheni baxoshelwa eceleni kwimiba emitsha (esiya kujonga kungekudala), kukuba akuyizinto ze-semantic. Oku kubangelwa ukuba bachaza ukuba isicatshulwa sifanele sijonge kunokuba sifumane ulwazi malunga nesicatshulwa. Khumbula, i-HTML (yilapho ezi zithethi ziza kubhalwa) zizonke malunga nesakhiwo, kungekhona isitayela! Iziboniso zilawulwa yi-CSS kunye nokukhwa kwewebhu kumgangatho ogqithisileyo uye wabambelela ukuba kufuneka ube nokuhlukana ngokucacileyo kwesitayela kunye nesakhiwo kumaphepha akho ewebhu. Oku kuthetha ukungasebenzisi izinto ezingekho semantic kwaye nayiphi inkcazelo ibonakala kunokuba isakhiwo. Yingakho itekisi enesibindi kunye neyealicics ithatyathwe endaweni yomeleleyo (ngokugqithiseleyo) kwaye igxininise (kwiitaliki).
& lt; eqinile & gt; kunye & lt; em & gt;
Izinto ezinamandla kunye nokugxininisa zongeza ulwazi kwitheksthi yakho, umxholo ochaziweyo omele uphathwe ngokwahlukileyo kwaye ugxininiswe xa lo mxholo uthetha. Usebenzisa ezi zinto ngendlela efana neendlela oza kusebenzisa ngayo isibindi kunye neengqungquthela kwixesha elidlulileyo. Zingqonge nje itekisi yakho ngeempawu zokuvula nokuvala ( kunye ukugxininisa kunye kunye ukuze ugxininiswe ngokugqithiseleyo) kunye nombhalo obhaliweyo uya kugxininiswa.
Unokuzihlalisa ezi zithegi kwaye akunandaba nokuba yintoni iteksi yangaphandle. Nazi ezinye izibonelo.
Esi sibhalo sigxininiswe kwaye ezininzi iibrowser ziyakubonisa njengempawu. Oku kubhaliweyo kugxininiswe kwaye ezininzi iibrowser ziyakubonisa njengoluhlobo oluqinileyo.Kuzo zombini le mizekelo, asiyikuyalela ukubonakala kwamehlo nge HTML. Ewe, imbonakalo engapheliyo yomatshini we yayiza kubhaliweyo kwaye i iya kuba yinkalipho, kodwa ezo zibukeka zinokutshintshwa lula kwiCSS. Oku kukuhle kwezona zombini ihlabathi. Unokwenza umgangatho wesigcawu siphequluli esingagqibekanga ukufumana itekisi okanye isicatshulwa esibhaliweyo kumqulu wakho ngaphandle kokuwela umgca nokuxuba isakhiwo kunye nesitayela. Nithi ufuna ukuba itekisi ingabi yomelele kuphela, kodwa ukuba ibomvu, ungongeza le CSS
qinile {
Umbala: obomvu;
}
Kulo mzekelo, akudingeki ukongeza ipropati ye-font-weight weight kuba oko kungagqibekanga. Ukuba awufuni ukushiya loo nto ngethuba, kunjalo, unokuhlala ungeze kwi:
qinile {
ubungakanani befonti: isibindi;
Umbala: obomvu;
}
Ngoku uya kuba konke kodwa uqinisekisiwe ukuba ube nephepha elinobumba obunqabileyo (kunye nobomvu) apho itekisi isetyenziswe khona.
Phinda u gxi niniswe
Into enye ndiyibonayo kunyaka kwenzeka ntoni ukuba uzama ukuphinda ugxininiswe. Umzekelo:
Lo mbhalo kufuneka ube nomelele ebhaliweyo kunye nengqungquthela ngaphakathi kwayo.Uya kucinga ukuba lo mgca uza kuvelisa indawo enesicatshulwa esineenkalipho nakwiicalic. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kwenzeka ngokwenene, kodwa ndibonile ezinye iiphequluli zihlonipha kuphela okwesibini kwiimilo zokugxininisa ezibini, enye isondele kakhulu kwimixholo ebhaliweyo, kwaye ibonise nje kuphela njengempawu. Esi sizathu sezizathu zokuba andiziphindaphindi kabini kwizigxizo zokugxininisa.
Esinye isizathu sokuphepha le "ukuphindwa kabini" kukulungiselela injongo yokubhala. Enye ifom yokugxininisa ukuba ikhona ngokwaneleyo ukuba idlulisele ithoni ofuna ukuyibeka. Akudingeki ukuba ube nesibindi, ugxilise, umbala, ukwandise, kwaye ugxininise itekisi ukwenzela ukuba lime. Lo mbhalo, iya kuba zonke iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zokugxininisa, ziza kugcina. Ngoko qaphela xa usebenzisa igxininiso lamathegi okanye i-CSS izitayela ukuze ugxininise kwaye ungadluli.
Inqaku kwi-Bold kunye ne-Italiki
Omnye ucinga ukugqibela - ngelixa i-tags () kunye neetaliki () ezingasetyenziselwa ukuba zisetyenziswe njengagxininiso, kukho abaqulunqi bewebhu abasebenzisa la manqaku kwiimpawu ezisemgangathweni zecatshulwa. Ngokwenene, bayisebenzisa njengeqela . Oku kulungile kuba amathegi afutshane kakhulu, kodwa ukusebenzisa ezi zinto ngolu hlobo alucetyiswa ngokubanzi. Ndiyathetha xa usibona ngaphandle kwezinye iisayithi ezisetyenziselwa ukudala umbhalo obhaliweyo okanye obhaliweyo, kodwa ukudala i-CSS hook yezinye iintlobo zokubonakalisa.
Inqaku loqobo loJennifer Krynin. Ulungiswe nguJeremy Girard ngo-12/2/6.