Musa ukusekela i-Amplifier Quality Quality Out of Output
Into ephambili ebonakalayo kwi-intanethi nakwipapasho Izikhangiso zezixhobo zokukhulisa, i-stereo, kunye nabamkeli bemidlalo yaseshashalazini, yi-Watts-per-channel (WPC). Omnye umamkeli unama-50 Watts-Per-Channel (WPC), enye ineminyaka engama-75, kanti enye ineminyaka eyi-100. A yi mfuneko.
Uninzi lwabantu bacinga ukuba ezinye iitts zithetha umthamo ophezulu. I-amplifier ene-100 WPC iphakamisa kabini nge-50 WPC, akunene? Akunjalo.
Ukulinganiselwa kwamandla oMandla angakhohlisa
Xa kuziwa kwiphumo lokwenene lokukhulisa amandla, ngokukodwa ngokufumana izandi ezizungezile , kuninzi kuxhomekeka kwindlela yokunyaniseka umvelisi enquma ukuveliswa kwamandla okwenza oko kukukhetha ukukhuthaza. Xa ubona izikhangiso okanye iimpapasho zemveliso apho umenzi olawula amandla okulinganisa, awukwazi ukuthatha loo nombolo kwixabiso lomntu. Kufuneka ukhangele ngokungakumbi malunga nento eyenziwa ngumvelisi esekelwe iingxelo zabo.
Ngokomzekelo, kwiimvumi ezisekhaya zineendlela zokucwangcisa iziteshi ezi-5.1 okanye ezi-7.1 , isichazo esichaziweyo sokuveliswa kwamanzi esinqunywe xa i-amplifier iqhuba kuphela enye okanye ezimbini iziteshi ngexesha, okanye yinkcazo enqunywe yi-amplifier xa zonke iziteshi kuqhutywa ngxeshanye? Ukongezelela, ngaba imilinganiselo eyenziweyo isebenzisa ithoni yokuhlola ye- 1 kHz, okanye i-20Hz ukuya ku-20KHz itoni yokuhlola ?
Ngamanye amagama, xa ubona ukulinganiswa kwamanzi okukhulisa umlinganiselo we-100 watts-per-umzila kwi-1 kHz (ebizwa ngokuba yi-standard-frequency reference reference) kunye nomzila owodwa oqhutywayo, ukuveliswa kwamanzi ehlabathi ngokwenene xa zonke iziteshi ezi-5 okanye ezi-7 ukusebenza ngexesha elifanayo kuzo zonke iifom ziza kuba ziphantsi, mhlawumbi zibe ngu-30 okanye 40% ezantsi. Isalathisi esingcono ukuseka imilinganiselo xa izithuthi ezimbini ziqhutyelwa, kwaye endaweni yokusebenzisa ithoni ye-1kHz, sebenzisa i-20Hz ukuya kuma-20kHz amathoni, emele ulwaphulo olubanzi kunabo bonke abantu abanokubakho. Nangona kunjalo, loo nto ayisayi kuqwalasela ngokugcwele amandla okukhupha amandla okukhulisa xa zonke iziteshi ziqhutywa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akuzona zonke iziteshi ezifuna ngamandla athile ngexesha elifanayo njengoko ukuhluka kwimixholo yomsindo kuthintela iimfuno kwiqela ngalinye ngelixesha elililo. Ngokomzekelo, i-soundtrack ye-movie iya kuba nezigaba apho kuphela iziteshi zangaphambili ezifunekayo ukuba ziveliswe kumbane wamandla, kodwa iziteshi ezijikelezayo zingabonakalisa ukuba zivelise izandi eziphantsi kwezandi. Ngomqondiso ofanayo, izitishi ezijikelezileyo zingabizwa ukuba zivelise amandla amaninzi ngenxa yokuqhuma okanye ukuphazamiseka, kodwa iziteshi zangaphambili zingagxininiswa ngexesha elinye.
Ngokusekelwe kwezo meko, ukulinganiswa kwamagunya okuchaneka kwimeko kusebenza ngakumbi kwiimeko zangempela zehlabathi. Omnye umzekelo uza kuba yi-80 watts-nganye ngomzila, ulinganiswe ukusuka kwi-20Hz ukuya kwi-20kHz, i-2-channel eqhutywayo, ii-oh ohms, .09% THD.
Yisiphi isigama esithethayo kukuba i-amplifier (okanye i-receiver home) ikwazi ukuvelisa i-80-WPC (eyona nto ingaphezulu kwendawo yokuhlala ifane), usebenzisa iitoni zokuvavanya phezu kweentlobo zentetho yabantu, xa iziteshi ezimbini zisebenza ngeentetho eziqhelekileyo ze-8-ohm . Kwakhona kufakwe uphawu lokuphazamiseka (okubhekiselele kwi-THD okanye ukuphazamiseka kwe-harmonic epheleleyo) kuphela .09% - emele imveliso ecocekileyo kakhulu (ngaphezulu kwi-THD kamva kweli nqaku).
Amandla aqhubekekayo
Ingqalelo eyongezelelweyo ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo yikhono lommkeli okanye umphambili wokuvelisa amandla akhe ngokupheleleyo. Ngamanye amagama, ngenxa yokuba ummkeli / amplifier angabhaniswa njengokuba akwazi ukuvelisa i-100 WPC, ayithethi ukuba unokuyenza nayiphi na ixesha elide. Njalo qiniseka ukuba xa uhlola iNgcaciso, ukuba ukuphuma kwe-WPC kulinganiswa kwiimvumelwano ze-RMS okanye ze-FTC, kwaye kungekhona imigaqo efana ne-Peak Power okanye i-Maximum Power.
Decibels
Amanqanaba omsindo alinganiswa kwi-Decibels (dB) . Iindlebe zethu zibona ukungafani kwinqanaba levolumu ngendlela engafaniyo. Iindlebe zithinteka kakhulu kwisandi njengoko zanda. I-Decibels yinqanaba le-logarithmic yezwi eliphakamileyo. Ukwahlukana malunga no-1 dB ubuncinane obunokuguquka kwimiqulu, u-3 dB luguquko oluyingcipheko kumthamo, kwaye malunga ne-10 dB lilinganiselwa ngokuphindwe kabini kwimiqulu.
Ukukunika ingcamango yokuba le nto ihambelana njani neemeko zehlabathi zangempela ezi zilandelayo zidweliswe:
- 0 dB ngumyinge wokuva
- I-Whisper: 15-25 dB
- Ingxolo yengemuva: malunga ne-35 dB
- Ikhaya eliqhelekileyo okanye umgangatho weeofisi: 40-60 dB
- Izwi eliqhelekileyo lokuthetha: 65-70 dB
- Ingqungquthela ye-orchestral: 105 dB
- Umculo woMlambo oPhila: 120 dB +
- I-Thinhold ye-Pain: 130 dB
- Iinqwelo ze-Jet: 140-180 dB
Ukuze i-amplifier enye ivelise isandi kabini ngokuzwakalayo njengenye kwenye i-decibel, udinga amaxesha angaphezulu kwama-10. I-amplifier elinganiswe kwi-100 WPC ikwazi ukuphindwe kabini kwinqanaba le-10 le-WPC amp, i-amplifier elinganiswe kwi-100 WPC idinga ukuba i-WPC ayi-1,000 ibe kabini ngelizwi elikhulu. Ngamanye amazwi, ubudlelwane phakathi kwevolumu kunye nokuvelisa umthamo yi-logarithmic kunokuba kuluhlu.
Uphazanyiso
Ukongeza, umgangatho we-amplifier awubonakalwanga nje ekuveliseni umbane kunye nendlela ovuyo ngayo. I-amplifier ebonisa ingxolo engaphezulu okanye ukuphazamiseka kumanqanaba omsindo awanakwenzeka. Ulunge ngakumbi nge-amplifier malunga ne-WPC engama-50 ngezinga eliphambukile elincinci elinesiphakamiso esinamandla kakhulu esinamaqondo aphazamisayo aphezulu.
Nangona kunjalo, xa uqhathanisa ukulinganisa ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwamaphampu okanye i- home receivers receiver - izinto zingafumana "zifukame" - njengoko unokuba uqaphele, kwi-spec sheet yayo, ukuba i-amplifier okanye i-receiver A inokubakho ukuphazamiseka okuchaziweyo. , ngelixa i-amplifier okanye i-receiver B ingaba ne-distortion rating of 1% kwi-150 watts yomkhiqizo.
Unokucinga ukuba i-amplifier / i-receiver A ingaba yamukeli olungcono - kodwa kufuneka ucinge ukuba ukulinganisa ukuphazamiseka kwabafundi ababini abazange kuchazwe ukuba kwenziwe okufanayo. Kungenzeka ukuba bobabini abafumanayo banokulinganiswa okufanayo (okanye ukuvala) ukuphazamiseka xa bobabini beqhuba kwii-100 watts umkhiqizo, okanye xa umamkeli A eqhutywe kwii-watts ezingama-150, unokuba nohlobo olufanayo (okanye olubi kakhulu) ukuphazamiseka kokulinganisa njengeReceiver B .
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba i-amplifier inexabiso lokuphambukisa kwe-1% kwi-watts eziyi-100 kwaye enye inokulinganiswa kokuphazamisa kuphela .01% kwi-watts 100, ngoko kubonakala ngokucacileyo ukuba umkhulisi okanye umkeli we-.01% ngummkeli olungcono, ubuncinane ngokubhekiselele kuloo mbandela.
Njengomzekelo wokugqibela, ukuba uhamba nge-amplifier okanye i-receiver ene-distortion rating of 10% kwi-watts eziyi-100, ayiyi kukhangeka kwi- level output output - kungenzeka ukuba iphulaphule, ngokungahambi kakuhle, inqanaba lezantsi lemveliso. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ungena kwi-amplifier okanye ummkeli othayipha i-10% yezinga lokuphambukisa (okanye nayiphina impazamo ephazamisayo ngaphezu kwe-1%) ekuveleni kwayo amandla-ndingathi ndiza kucima - okanye, ncinane, zama ukufumana ukucaciswa okongeziweyo kumenzi ngaphambi kokuthenga.
Iimpawu zokuphambuka zibonakaliswe ngethuba le-THD (i-Total Harmonic Distortion) .
Isalathiso sokuSayina (S / N)
Kwakhona, enye into ekuphakanyisweni kwe-amplifier yi- Signal-to-Noise Ratio (S / N), okuyi-ratio yesandi ukuya kwingxolo yengemuva. Eyona mkhulu umlinganiselo, ngakumbi izandi ezinqwenelekayo (umculo, ilizwi, imiphumo) zihlukaniswe nemiphumo ye-acoustical kunye nengxolo yengemvelaphi. Kwimimiselo ye-amplifier, iirhafu ze-S / N zichazwe kwi-decibel. Umlinganiselo we-S / N we-70db unqweneleka kakhulu kunomlinganiselo we-S / N we-50db.
Indlu yeNtloko
Ekugqibeleni (ngenjongo yale ngxoxo), kodwa ubuncinane (nangayiphi na indlela), ubuchule bommkeli wakho / amplifier ukuvelisa amandla kwizinga eliphakamileyo kakhulu kwixesha elifutshane ukulungiselela ukuphakama komculo okanye iziphumo ezivakalayo kwiifilimu. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo zasekhaya zasekhaya, apho utshintsho olunzulu ngokuvakala nokuvakalayo kwenzeka ngexesha lefilimu. Le nkcazo iboniswa njengeDynamic Headroom .
Indlu yeNtloko yeDynamic ilinganiswa kuma-decibel. Ukuba ummkeli / amplifier unako ukuphinda kabini amandla okuphuma kwithuba elifutshane ukulungiselela imimiselo echazwe ngasentla, iya kuba neNtloko yeDynamic ye-3db.
Ngaphantsi
Xa uthengela i-receiver / amplifier, qaphela ukuchazwa kweemveliso kunye nokuthatha ezinye izinto ezifana ne-Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), Ukulinganiswa kweSignal-to-Noise Ratio (S / N), i-Headroom Dynamic, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kunye uvelwano lwezivakalisi oyisebenzisayo.
I-amplifier okanye i-receiver, nangona i-centerpiece yakho yomsindo okanye i- home system system , ezinye izakhi ezifana ne-Loudspeakers, i-Devices (i-CD, i-Turntable, i-cassette, i-DVD, i-Blu-ray njl ...) zidibaniswe kwikhonkco. Nangona kunjalo, unako ukufumana izixhobo ezingcono kakhulu, kodwa ukuba umkeli wakho okanye umkhuliseli akayi kufikelela kumsebenzi, amava akho okuphulaphula aya kubandezeleka.
Nangona icandelo ngalinye ligalela ekusebenzeni okugqwesileyo kommkeli okanye umphambili, kubalulekile ukugxininisa ukuba inqaku elithile, elithathwe ngaphandle komxholo kunye nezinye izinto azikuniki umfanekiso ochanekileyo malunga nendlela inkqubo yakho yokuzonwabisa yasekhaya eya kuyenza ngayo.
Kwakhona, nangona kubalulekile ukuqonda isigama esilahla kuwe nge-Ad okanye umnini-mthengisi, ungavumeli ukuba inani lixakeke kuwe. Isigqibo sokugqibela sifanele sisekelwe kusetyenziswa iindlebe zakho, nakwikamelo lakho.