Usenokuba ufumene inkcazo yemveliso ebhaliweyo, okanye mhlawumbi uyayiva okanye ufunde ingxoxo malunga nomlinganiselo wesignali ukuya kwingxolo. Ngokuqhelekileyo igqityiweyo njenge-SNR okanye i-S / N, le nkcazo ibonakala ibonakala kumthengi ophakathi. Nangona izibalo emva komlinganiselo wesigodlo-ngxolo ubugcisa, ingcamango ayikho, kwaye eli xabiso linokuchaphazela umgangatho osemgangathweni womgangatho.
Isilinganiselo sokuBhaliswa kwesandi
Umlinganiselo wesigodlo-ngomsindo uqhathanisa inqanaba lamandla esignali kwinqanaba legunya lomsindo. Idla ngokuphindaphindiweyo njengomlinganiselo we- decibel (dB) . Amanani aphakamileyo ngokubanzi uthetha inkcazo engcono, kuba kunolwazi oluncedo ngakumbi (umqondiso) kunokuba kukho idatha engadingeki (ingxolo).
Ngokomzekelo, xa iqela elivakalayo libala isilinganiso sesigodlo-sandi somlinganiselo we-100 dB, ithetha ukuba inqanaba lesignali yomsindo liphezulu kwi-100 dB kunezinga lesandi. Inkcazo yesilinganiselo sesandi somlinganiselo we-100 dB ibonakala ngcono kune-70 dB (okanye ngaphantsi).
Ngokomzekeliso, masithi sithetha nomntu ekhitshini okwenzekayo nokuba nefriji ekhulu kakhulu. Masithi kwakhona isiqriqho senza i-50 dB ye-hum (qwalasela oku njengengxolo) njengoko igcina iziqulatho zayo zipholile-ifriji enkulu. Ukuba umntu othetha naye ukhetha ukuthetha ngokusondeza (cinga nje ngoluphawu) kwi-30 dB, awuyi kukwazi ukuva elinye igama kuba ligqithiswe ngumfriji! Ngoko, ucela umntu ukuba athethe ngokukhawuleza, kodwa nakwi-60 dB, usenokuba ucela ukuba baphinde baphinde. Ukuthetha nge-90 dB kunokubonakala ngathi kufana nomdlalo wokumemeza, kodwa ubuncinci amagama aya kuvezwa ngokucacileyo kwaye aqondwe. Leyo ngcamango emva komlinganiselo wesignali-kwingxolo.
Kutheni ukuBaluleka kokuBhaliswa komsindo kubalulekile
Inkcazo ye-signal-to-sound ratio ingafumaneka kwimveliso emininzi kunye neengxenye ezijongene nesandi ezifana nezithethi, iifowuni (ezingenazintambo okanye ngaphandle), i-headphone, ii-microphones, izixhobo zokukhulisa , i-audio, i-radios, i-CD / i-DVD / abadlali beendaba, Amakhadi aphilileyo e-PC, ii-smartphones, amaphilisi kunye nokunye. Nangona kunjalo, akubona bonke abavelisi benza ukuba le xabiso likwazi ngokulula.
Ingxolo eyona nto idla ngokubonakalayo njengemhlophe okanye i-electronics okanye i-static, okanye i-hum ephazamisayo okanye ephazamisayo. Cwina umthamo wezithethi zakho yonke indlela xa kungekho nto idlalayo-ukuba uva i-hers, yinto engxolo, edlalwa ngokuba "isandi somgangatho." Nje ngefriji kwimeko echazwe ngaphambili, le ndawo yomsindo ihlala ikhona.
Ngokude nje ukuba uphawu olungenayo luqinileyo kwaye luphezulu ngaphezu komgangatho womsindo, ke umyalezo uya kuba nakho ukugcina umgangatho ophezulu. Ngolu hlobo lwesilinganiselo esihle sesignali-kwingxolo abantu bakhetha isandi esicacileyo nesichanekileyo.
Kodwa ukuba uphawu lwenzeka luba buthathaka, abanye banokucinga ukuba bawandise umthamo ukuze kukhuliswe umphumo. Ngelishwa, ukulungiswa kwevolumu phezulu kunye nephahla kuyathintela kwisibini somsindo kunye nomqondiso. Umculo unokuphakama, kodwa kuya kuba njalo nengxolo. Kuza kufuneka ukhulise kuphela amandla okubonisa umthombo ukuze ufezekise umphumo oyifunayo. Ezinye izixhobo ziquka i-hardware kunye / okanye izinto zeprojekthi ezenzelwe ukuphucula umlinganiselo wesignali-kwingxolo.
Ngelishwa, zonke iinqununu, kwanezixhobo, zongeza isantya sesandi kwisignali yomsindo. Zizo zinto zilungele ukugcina isandi somgangatho esezantsi kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze ukwandisa umlinganiselo. Ama-Analog Devices, afana ne-amplifiers and turntables, ngokuqhelekileyo banesilinganiselo esingaphantsi kwesandi kunezedijithali.
Ngokuqinisekileyo ufanelekile ukuphepha imikhiqizo eneemvavanyo ezingenangxaki kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, umlinganiselo wesignali-kwingxolo awufanele usetyenziswe njengenkcazelo eyodwa kuphela yokulinganisa umgangatho wezandi. Ukuphendula ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-harmonic kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqwalasela.