Ukuba uzimisele ukuthenga i-TV entsha okanye iprojekthi yeprojekthi kwaye awuzange ungenelele kwiminyaka emininzi, izinto zingase zidideke ngakumbi. Ingaba ukhangele i-intanethi okanye ipapasho zepapasho, okanye uye kumthengisi wakho wasekuhlaleni ubandayo, kukho imigaqo emininzi ye-tech ekhutshwe ngaphandle, ukuba abathengi abaninzi baphetha kuphela ukukhupha imali yabo kwaye banethemba lokubakho.
I-HDR Factor
Enye ye-techie yakutshanje imigaqo yokufaka umxube we-TV yi- HDR . I-HDR (i-High Dynamic Range) yiyo yonke intukuthelo phakathi kwabenzi beTV, kwaye kunesizathu esihle sokuba abathengi baqaphele.
Nangona i- 4K iye yaphucula isisombululo esinokuboniswa, i-HDR inokubamba enye into ebalulekileyo kuzo zombini iiprojekthi zeTV nevidiyo, ukukhanya okukhanyayo (ukukhanya). Injongo ye-HDR kukuxhasa ukunyuka kombane okhulayo ukwenzela ukuba imifanekiso ibonise iimpawu ezifana nezimo zokukhanya zendalo esizifumanayo "kwihlabathi lenene."
Ngenxa yoko, amabini amiselweyo obugcisa aphakanyisiwe ukuba athengiswe ngokutsha kwizinto ze-TV kunye neefowuni zeprojekthi zokuphromotha kunye nabathengisi: iiNits kunye neLumens. Nangona igama elithi Lumens liye lithengiswa ngokutsha kwevidiyo yeprojekti yecala leminyaka ethile, xa kuthengwa iTTV kule mihla, abathengi ngoku bathatyathwa ngexesha elibizwa ngokuba yi-Nits ngabathengisi beTV kunye nabathengisi abakhuthazayo. Ngoko, imigaqo yeLumens kunye neNits zithetha ntoni?
IiNits kunye neLumens 101
Kuze kube ngethuba lokungeniswa kwe-HDR, xa abathengi batyhutyha i-TV, enye impawu / imodeli inokubheka "ibonakale" kunomnye, kodwa loo mahluko ayenakulinganiswa nakwizinga lokuthengiswa kweentengiso, kwafuneka ujonge.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokufika kwe-HDR njengento eyenziwa ngenani elikhulayo lamaTV, ukuveliswa okukhanyayo (isaziso andizange nditsho ukukhanya okuza kuxoxwa emva koko) kuqinisekiswa kubathengi ngokweMigodi yeNits, ithetha i-TV umbane okhanya ngakumbi, ngenjongo ephambili yokuxhasa i-HDR-mhlawumbi kunye nomxholo ohambelanayo okanye umonakalo we-HDR owenziwe ngokusetyenziswa kwangaphakathi kweTV .
Ukuze uzilungiselele lo mkhwa ekuqhubekisweni phambili kwentsebenzo yeTV, kunye nokuthengiswa kokuthengisa, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba umbane owenziwe ngakanani kwiiTV kunye neeprojekti zevidiyo.
Iimpawu: Cinga ngeTV njengemini, ephuma ngokukhanya ngqo. Iimithi zilinganiso zokukhanya okungakanani umboniso weTV othumela emehlweni akho (ukukhanya) ngaphakathi kwendawo yokunika. Kwizinga elithile lobuchwepheshe, i-NIT ingumlinganiselo wokukhanya okulinganayo kunye ne-candela nganye ngomitha we square (cd / m2 - umlinganiselo olinganiselweyo wokuqina okukhanyayo).
Ukubeka oku ngolu hlobo, umthamo we-TV unako ukukwazi ukuvelisa ama-100 ukuya kuma-200 amaNits, ngelixa ii-TV ezihambelanayo ne-HDR zinakho ukuvelisa iinombolo ezine-400 ukuya kuma-2,000.
I-Lumens: I- Lumens ibinzana eliqhelekileyo elichaza ukuveliswa kokukhanya, kodwa kwiiprojekti zevidiyo, i-term echanekileyo ukuyisebenzisa yi-ANSI Lumens (i-ANSI imela iNational Standards Standards Institute).
Iiprojekti zevidiyo, i-ANSI i-Lumens eyi-1000 yincinci ukuba iphrojekithi ikwazi ukuvelisa ukusetyenziswa kwemidlalo yaseshashalazini, kodwa ininzi yeeprojekti zeprojekti zasekhaya ezivela kwi-1,500 ukuya ku-2 500 izibane ze-ANSI zokuvelisa ukukhanya. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iiprojekti zevidiyo ezijongene neenjongo ezininzi (sebenzisa iindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo, ezinokubandakanya ukuzizonwabisa ekhaya, ishishini, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwemfundo, yam iyakwazi ukuvelisa izibane ezi-3,000 okanye ngaphezulu ze-ANSI).
Ngokumalunga neNits, i-ANS lumen yimalini yokukhanya ebonakaliswa yendawo enye yemitha yemitha engumyinge omnye ukusuka kumthombo wokukhanya we-candela. Cinga ngomfanekiso oboniswe kwikhompyutheni yokuboniswa kwevidiyo, okanye udonga njengenyanga, ebonisa ukukhanya kumbukeli.
Nits vs Lumens
Xa kuthelekiswa i-Nits ukuya kwiLumens, ngokwemiqathango elula, i-Nit 1 ibonisa ukukhanya okungaphezulu kwe-1 ye-ANS lumen. Ukwahluka kwemathematika phakathi kweNits kunye neLumens kunzima. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umthengi uqhathanise iTV kunye neprojekti yevidiyo, enye indlela ibonisa ukuba yi-Nit eli-1 elilingana ne-3.426 ye-ANSI Lumens.
Ukusebenzisa le ngongoma yokubhekiselele, ukwenzela ukuba ubone ukuba inani elithile leNits lifaniswa nenani elithile le-ANSI lumens, ukwandisa inani leenombolo nge-3.426. Ukuba ufuna ukwenza okungafaniyo (uyazi izikhanyiso kwaye ufuna ukufumana okulinganayo kwiiNits), ngoko uya kwahlula inani lamaLumens ngo-3.426.
Nazi ezinye izibonelo:
- Iimithi ezingama-200 zilingana nama-685 ANSI Lumens
- Iimithi eziyi-500 zifaniswa ne-1,713 ye-ANSI Lumens
- Iimithi ezingama-730 zifaniswa nama-2 500 ANSI Lumens
- Iimithi eziyi-1 zifaniswa ne-3,426 i-ANSI Lumens
- Iimitha eziyi-1,500 zifaniswa ne-5,139 ze-ANSI Lumens
- Ama-2,000 ama-Nits afaniswa ne-6,582 ANSI Lumens
Njengoko uyakubona, ukuze iprojekti yevidiyo ifumaneke ukuveliswa okukhanya okulinganayo namaNtshi ayi-1 000 (gcinani engqondweni ukuba ukhanyisa umlinganiselo ofanayo kunye neendawo zokukhanyisa indawo zifana) - iprojekti kufuneka ikwazi ukuvelisa malunga ne-3,426 i-ANSI Lumens, engaphandle kweendawo ezininzi zeeprojekti zengingqi.
Nangona kunjalo, iprojekti engakwazi ukuvelisa i-1,713 i-Ansi Lumens, efumaneka ngokulula kwiiprojekti ezininzi zevidiyo, inokufanisa iTV enokuveliswa kokukhanya kwama-Nits 500.
Iprojekthi yeTV neVidiyo yokuPhuma kokuKhanya kwiLizwi Linyani
Nangona zonke iinkcukacha ezingentla "ze-techie" kwiNits kunye neLumens zinika inkcazo ehambelanayo, kwizicelo zehlabathi zangempela, zonke ezo manani ziyingxenye yebali.
Umzekelo, gcinani engqondweni ukuba xa i-TV okanye iprojekti yevidiyo ifumaneka njengokwazi ukuvelisa i-Nits 1,000 okanye i-Lumens, oko akuthethi ukuba iTV okanye iziphumo zeprojekti zikhanya kakhulu ixesha lonke. Izifowuni okanye iziqhelo zidla ngokubonisa uluhlu lwezinto ezikhanyayo kunye nomnyama, kunye nokuhluka kwemibala. Zonke ezi zikhoyo zifuna amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okuvelisa ukukhanya.
Ngamanye amagama, unomfanekiso apho ubona khona ilanga esibhakabhakeni, loo ngxenye yomfanekiso ingafuna i-TV okanye iprojekti yevidiyo ukuba ikhuphe inani elikhulu leNits okanye iLumens. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iziqephu zomfanekiso, izakhiwo ezinjalo, umhlaba kunye nezithunzi, zifuna umbane omncinane, mhlawumbi kwi-100 kuphela okanye kwi-200 Nits okanye iLumens. Kwakhona, imibala eyahlukileyo eboniswa inxaxheba kwimilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yokuvelisa ukukhanya ngaphakathi kwisakhelo okanye kwindawo.
Ingongoma ephambili apha kukuba umlinganiselo phakathi kwezinto eziqhakazileyo kunye nezinto ezinzima kakhulu ziyafana, okanye ziphantse ngokufanayo, ukuze kubangele impembelelo efanayo. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kwii-TV ze- OLED zakwa-HDR ezinxulumene ne- LED / i-LCD TV . I-OLED iteknoloji yeTV ayikwazi ukuxhasa amaninzi amanqaku okukhanya okubonakalayo njengeteknoloji ye- LED / LCD yeTV. Nangona kunjalo, ngokungafani ne-TV / i-LCD yeTV, kunye ne-OLED TV inokuvelisa umnyama omnyama.
Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba nangona i-HDR esemgangathweni esemgangathweni ye-LED / i-LCD yeTV ikwazi ukubonisa ubuncinane ubuncinane bamaNtshi, i-HDR esemgangathweni ye-HDR ye-OLED i-TV kuphela ngama-540. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula, umgangatho usebenza kwisiphumo esiphezulu seNits, kungekhona ukuveliswa kweNits. Ngoko ke, nangona uza kubona ukuba i-Nit 1,000 ye-LED enekrini / i-LCD TV iya kubonakala ikhanya ngakumbi kune-TV ye-OLED xa kuthi, bobabini babonakalisa i-Sun okanye isibhakabhaka esibhakabhaka kakhulu, i-OLED TV iya kwenza umsebenzi ongcono ekuboniseni iindawo ezimnyama kakhulu umfanekiselo ofanayo, ngoko ke uMgangatho weDynamic (indawo ekude emkhatsini omhlophe omhlophe kunye noomnyama ophezulu ungalingana).
Kwakhona, xa uqhathanisa i-TV enikwe amandla ye-HDR engakwazi ukuvelisa i-Nits 1,000, eneprojekti yevidiyo ene-HDR engenakho ukuvelisa i-ANSI izibane ezi-2 500, umonakalo we-HDR kwi-TV iya kuba yinto ephawulekayo ngokwe "ukukhanya okubonakalayo".
Ukongezelela, izinto ezifana nokubukela egumbini elimnyama, ngokuchasene neklasi elithelekileyo, ubukhulu besikrini, ukubonakaliswa kwesikrini (iiprojekti), kunye nokuhlala umgama, i-Nit ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi okanye i-Lumen imveliso ingafuneka ukuba ifumaneke enye ifuthe .
Kwiiprojekti zevidiyo, kukho umehluko phakathi kwamandla okuvelisa ukukhanya phakathi kwabaprojekthi abasebenzisa iteknoloji yeLCD kunye neDLP . Oko kuthetha ukuthini ukuba iiprojekti ze-LCD zinokukwazi ukunikezela amandla okulingana okuvelisa ukukhanya okubini kumhlophe nombala, ngelixa iiprojekti zeDLP eziqeshe amavili ombala azikwazi ukuvelisa amanqanaba alinganayo okuvelisa umbala omhlophe kunye nombala. Ukufumana ezinye iinkcukacha, jonga kwiqabane lethu: Iiprojekithi zeVidiyo kunye nokuBhanya kweMbala
I-Analogy Audio
Enye indlela yokufikelela kwi-HDR / Nits / Lumens inkomfa ngendlela efanayo kufuneka uhambelane neenkcukacha zamandla okukhulisa umyalezo. Kungenxa yokuba i-amplifier okanye i-home receiver receiver ithi ibonelela ii-watts ezingama-100 kwisitishi ngasinye, akuthethi ukuba iziphumo ezininzi zinamandla ngexesha lonke.
Nangona amandla okukwazi ukuvelisa ama-Watts angama-100 anikezela ngento ekumele ikulindelwe kumculo okanye kwi-movie soundtrack, kwixesha elininzi, ngamazwi, kunye nemininzi yemimandla kunye nemisindo, loo mphumelayo ufuna kuphela ukuvelisa ama-watts ama-10 okanye ukuba uve oko ufuna ukuva. Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, jonga kwinqaku lethu: Ukuqonda i-Amplifier Power Output Specifications .
Umbane wokukhanya ngokuBhanya
Kwiimveliso zeTV kunye neVidiyo, iiNits kunye ne-ANSI iLumens zombini imilinganiselo yokuvelisa ukukhanya (ukukhanya). Nangona kunjalo, iLizwi elithi uBrightness lingeneliphi?
Ubumhlophe abufani nokoqobo kweLuminance (ukuveliswa kokukhanya). Nangona kunjalo, Ubumnyama buyakwazi ukubhekiswa njengokuba ikhono lombukeli lifumanisa ukungafani kweLuminance.
Ubumhlophe bungabonakaliswa njengepesenti ekhanyayo okanye iipesenti ezigqithisileyo ngaphantsi kwendawo yokujonga (njengobungqina bokukhanya kweTV okanye iprojekti yevidiyo). Ngamanye amazwi, Ukukhanya kukuchazwa ngokuzithobayo (okugqamile ngakumbi, okugqithisileyo kangako) kweLuminance ebonakalayo, kungekhona okwenziwe yiLuminance.
Indlela yokulawula ukukhanya kweprojekthi yeTV okanye iProjekithi isebenza ngokulungiswa kwemilinganiselo yamnyama omnyama ebonakalayo kwisikrini. Ukunciphisa "ukukhazimula" kubangelwa ukuba wenze izingxenye ezimnyama zomfanekiso obumnyama, obangela ukuba iinkcukacha ezinciphile kwaye "udaka" zikhangele kwimimandla emnyama yomfanekiso. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuphakamisa "ukukhazimula" kubangelwa ukwenza iindawo ezimnyama zomfanekiso ogqithiseleyo, eziphumela kwimimandla emnyama yomfanekiso obonakala ingaphezulu kwegreyathi, kunye nomfanekiso wonke ubonakala ukhangelekile.
Nangona Ubumnyama abufani nokoqobo kweLuminance (ukuveliswa kokukhanya), abenzi be-TV kunye neeprojekti zevidiyo, kunye nabahlaziyi bemveliso, banomkhuba wokusebenzisa i-Brightness njenge-catch-all for terms more technical describing the output output, ezibandakanya iiNts kunye neLumens. Omnye umzekelo ukusetyenziswa kwe-Epson yegama elithi "Ubume Bokukhanya" echazwe ngaphambili kweli nqaku.
Iikhompyuthela kunye neProjekti yokuPhuma kweZikhokelo zokuPhuma
Ukulinganisa okuvelisiweyo ngokubhekiselele kubudlelwane phakathi kweNits kunye neLumens idibanisa ezininzi zezibalo kunye ne-physics, kwaye ukuyilisela into emfutshane ingcaciso ayilula. Ngoko ke, xa iinkampani zeTV kunye neefowuni zeprojekthi zibetha abathengi ngemigomo enjengeNits kunye neLumens ngaphandle komongo, izinto zingadanisa.
Nangona kunjalo, xa ucinga ukuveliswa kokukhanya, nantsi izikhokelo zokugcina ingqondo.
Ukuba uthengisa i- 720p / 1080p okanye engekho i-HDR 4K Ultra HD TV, ulwazi malunga neNits aluqhelekanga, kodwa luyahlukahluka ukusuka kwi-200 ukuya kuma-300 amaNits, eqaqambileyo ngokwaneleyo kwimixholo yemveli kunye neendawo ezininzi zokukhanyisa indawo (nangona i-3D ziya kubonakala zibala. Apho kufuneka uqwalasele ukulinganiswa kweNits ngokukodwa ngokubhekiselele kwii-4K Ultra HD TV eziquka i-HDR. Nantsi apho ephakamileyo ukuvelisa ukukhanya, ngcono.
I-4K Ultra HD ye-LED / i-LCD yeTV ehambisanayo ne-HDR, ukulinganisa kwama-Nits ama-500 inikezela ngempembelelo ye-HDR (jonga ukubhalisa njenge-HDR Premium), kunye neeTV ezivelisa i-Nits 700 ziya kunika umphumo ongcono nge-HDR. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhangele umphumo ongcono kakhulu, i-Nits 1000 i-standard standard reference (khangela iilebula ezifana ne-HDR1000), kunye ne-Nits top-off yokuphela kwe-HDR / i-LCD ye-TV eyi-2,000. ngo-2017).
Ukuba uthengisa i-OLED yeTV, uphawu lokukhanya lwamanzi oluphezulu lwamanzi angama-600 amaNits - okwangoku, zonke ii-TV ze-OLED ze-HDR zifuneka ukuba zikwazi ukuvelisa amanqanaba okukhanya okungenani ama-540 amaNtswana. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphesheya kwe-equation, njengoko kuchazwe ngaphambili, ii-TV ze-OLED zingabonakalisa abamnyama abamnyama, okokuba i-LED / i-LCD yeTV ayikwazi - ukuze u-540 ukuya kuma-600 amanqaku kwi-OLED TV ibonise umphumo ongcono kunye ne-HDR ngaphandle kwe-LED / I-LCD yeTV ingahlolwa kwizinga elifanayo leNtshu.
Nangona kunjalo, nangona i-TV ye-600 ye-Nit ye-OLED kunye ne-1 000 ye-Nit LED / i-LCD yeTV iyakubonakala ijabulisa, i-1 Nit LED / i-LCD TV iya kuvelisa umphumo obalaseleyo, ngakumbi kwigumbi elibhekiselele. Njengoko kuchazwe ngaphambili, iiNts ezi-2,000 okwangoku ziphezulu eziphezulu zokuvelisa ezifumanekayo kwiTV, kodwa oko kunokubangela imifanekiso eboniswe kakhulu kakhulu kubabukeli abathile.
Ukuba uthengisa iprojekti yevidiyo, njengoko kukhankanywe ngasentla, ukuveliswa kokukhanya oku-1 000 kwe-ANSI Lumens kufuneka kube yincinci yokuqwalasela, kodwa abaninzi beeprojekti banakho ukuvelisa i-ANSI lumens ezi-1,500 ukuya ku-2,000, ezibonelela ukusebenza kakuhle kwigumbi elingenako unako ukwenza umnyama ngokupheleleyo. Kwakhona, ukuba ukongeza i-3D ukuxuba, qwalasela iphrojekithi eneziphumo ezi-2,000 okanye ngaphezulu zeempawu, njengoko imifanekiso ye-3D imdaka kakhulu ngaphezu kohlobo lwayo lwe-2D.
Iiprojekti ezivakalayo zevidiyo ze-HDR ayinakho "ukuchaneka kwinqanaba le-point-to-point" ngokumalunga nezinto ezincinci ezikhanyayo kummandla omnyama. Umzekelo, i-HDR TV iya kubonakalisa iinkwenkwezi ngokubhekisele ebumnyameni obumnyama ngokugqithiseleyo kunokuba kunokwenzeka kwiprojekti ye-HDR yomthengi. Oku kubangelwa ngabaprojekthi abanenkinga ekuboniseni ukukhanya okuphezulu kwindawo encinane kakhulu ngokumalunga nomfanekiso omnyama ojikelezayo.
Ukufumana umphumo ongcono we-HDR okhoyo ngoku (okwangasweleki ukukhanya okubonakalayo kwe-TV yeNt 1,000), kufuneka ucinge ngeprojekti ene-HDR eyenziwe ngu-4K engakwazi ukuvelisa ubuncinane ubunzima bama-AN00 ama-2500. Okwangoku, akukho mfuneko ye-HDR yokuvelisa ukukhanya kweeprojekti ezixhomekeke kumthengi.
Ngaphantsi
Igama elilodwa lokugqibela leengcebiso, njengokuba kukho nayiphi na inkcazo okanye iteknoloji ephonswa kuwe ngumenzi okanye umthengisi, ungagcini-khumbula ukuba iiNits kunye neLumens ziyingxenye enye ye-equation xa kuqwalaselwa ukuthenga I-TV okanye iprojekti yevidiyo .
Kufuneka uthabathe yonke ipakethe leyo, engabandakanyi kuphela ukukhanya okuchaziweyo, kodwa ukuba yonke imifanekiso ibonakala njani kuwe (ukukhanya okubonakalayo, umbala, ukuphambana, impendulo yempendulo , i-angle angle), ukulungiswa kokuseta nokusetyenziswa, umgangatho omsindo ( ukuba awuyi kusebenzisa inkqubo yomsindo wangaphandle ) kunye nobukho bezinto ezongezelelweyo zokunceda (njengentengiso ye-intanethi kwiTV). Kwakhona ugcine engqondweni ukuba ukuba unqwenela i-TV ene-HDR efanelekileyo, kufuneka uthathe iimfuno zokufumana iziqulatho ezongezelelweyo (ingqungquthela ye-4K kunye ne- Ultra HD Blu-ray Disc ).