IWindows Firewall
Izikhuni ze- Firewalls azikho i-bullet bullet eza kukukhusela kuzo zonke izinto ezisongelayo, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo umlilo uya kukugcina inkqubo yakho ikhuselekile ngakumbi. I-firewall ayiyi kubona okanye ivimbele iisongelo ezithile ngendlela yokwenza i-antivirus program, kwaye ayiyi kukunqanda ukuchofoza kwikhonkco kumyalezo we-imeyli we-phishing scam okanye ekusebenzeni ifayile ekhulelwe ngumbungu. I-firewall igxininisa ukuhamba kweendlela (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ziphuma) ikhomputer yakho ukubonelela umgca wokukhusela malunga neenkqubo okanye abantu abangayama ukuxhuma kwikhompyutha yakho ngaphandle kokuvuma kwakho.
IMicrosoft ifake i-firewall kwinkqubo yokusebenza yeWindows kwithuba elithile, kodwa, de ukukhutshwa kwe- Windows XP SP2 , ikhutshaziwe ngokuzimela kwaye ifuna ukuba umsebenzisi azi ukuba khona kwayo kwaye athathe amanyathelo okuyivula.
Emva kokuba ufake i-Service Pack 2 kwinkqubo ye-Windows XP, iWindows Firewall inikwe amandla ngokungagqibekanga. Ungakwazi ukufikelela kwisakhelo seWindows Firewall ngokuchofoza kwi-icon encinci ye-shield kwiSystem kwi-right down of the screen uze uklikha kwiWindows Firewall ngasezantsi phantsi koLawulo lwezitshixo zokukhusela . Unokukrofa kwiWindows Firewall kwiPaneli yokuLawula .
UMicrosoft uncoma ukuba ufake i firewall, kodwa akufuneki ukuba yi-firewall yabo. I-Windows iyakwazi ukubona ubukho befayile yesofthiwe yomlilo kunye kwaye iya kuqonda ukuba inkqubo yakho ikhuselekile ukuba ukhubaza iWindows Firewall. Ukuba uyakhubaza iWindows Firewall ngaphandle kokuba ube ne-firewall ye-third party efakwe, kodwa i-Windows Security Centre iya kukuqaphela ukuba awukhuseli kwaye uphawu lwe-shield luya kuba lubomvu.
Ukudala ngaphandle
Ukuba usebenzisa iWindows Firewall, unokufuna ukuyilungiselela ukuvumela ethile ithrafikhi. I-firewall, ngokuzenzekelayo, izakuvimba ukuhamba kweendlela ezingenayo kunye nokunciphisa iinzame zeenkqubo zokunxibelelana ne-intanethi. Ukuba ucofa kwiTebhu yeNgaphandle, ungeze okanye ususe iinkqubo ezimele zivunyelwe ukuthetha nge-firewall, okanye uvula iichwepthi ezithile zeTCP / IP ukwenzela ukuba nayiphi na inxibelelwano kula machweba aya kudluliselwa kwi-firewall.
Ukongeza inkqubo, unokuklibanisa Yongeza iNkqubo phantsi kwethebhu yeNgaphandle . Uluhlu lweenkqubo ezifakwe kwinkqubo ziya kuvela, okanye unokwazi ukuphequlula iifayile eziphathekayo ukuba inkqubo okhangelayo ayikho kuhlu.
Kwinqanaba leWebhu yeNkqubo yokongeza yinkinobho ebhalwe ngeShicilelo sokuShintsha . Ukuba ucofa kwiqhosha, ungacacisa ukuba yiyiphi iikhompyutheni kufuneka ivumeleke ukuba isebenze ngaphandle kwe-firewall. Ngamanye amagama, ungafuna ukuvumela inkqubo ethile yokunxibelelana ngeWindows Firewall yakho, kodwa kuphela kunye neekhomputer kwi-network yakho yangaphakathi kwaye ingekho i-intanethi. Utshintsho lwendawo luhlinzeka ngeendlela ezintathu. Unokukhetha ukuvumela ukhetho kuzo zonke iikhomputha (kuquka i-intanethi ye-intanethi), kuphela iikhomputha kwi-subnet network yangaphakathi, okanye ungacacisa kuphela iidilesi ezithile ze-IP ukuvumela.
Ngaphantsi kwenketho yokongeza iPort , unikezela igama lokungabikho kwendawo yechweba kwaye uqaphele inombolo yefowuni ofuna ukuyikhetha ngaphandle nokuba ingaba yiTCP okanye iDP port. Ungaphinde ulungelelanise ububanzi bezinto ezikhethiweyo kunye neendlela ezifanayo njengeNgezelelweyo yeNkqubo.
Izicwangciso eziphambili
Ithebhu yokugqibela yokuqwalasela iWindows Firewall yiTebhu ephezulu . Ngaphantsi kwethebhu ehambileyo, iMicrosoft inikeza ukulawula okuthe ngqo kwi-firewall. Icandelo lokuqala likuvumela ukuba ukhethe okanye ungaba ne-Windows Firewall inikwe amandla kwi-adapter nganye yomnatha okanye uxhumano. Ukuba ucofa kwiqhosha leZilungiselelo kweli candelo, ungachaza iinkonzo ezithile, ezifana ne-FTP, iPOP3 okanye iinkonzo ezide kude neDesktophu ukuthetha kunye noxhumo lwenethiwekhi ngokusebenzisa i-firewall.
Icandelo lesibini ukuba kuLondolozo lweKhuseleko . Ukuba unengxaki usebenzisa i-firewall okanye ummangali ukuba ikhompyutha yakho ingahlaselwa, unako ukuKhuseleko lokuKhuseleko kwi-firewall. Ukuba ucofa kwiqhosha leZilungiselelo , ungakhetha ukungena ungene kwiipakethi kunye / okanye uqhagamshelwano oluyimpumelelo. Ungachaza nalapho ufuna ukuba idatha yelogi igcinwe kwaye usethe ubungakanani befayili ephezulu yedatha yedatha.
Icandelo elilandelayo likuvumela ukuba uchaze izicwangciso ze- ICMP . I-ICMP (iProsoft Control Message Protocol) isetyenziselwa iintlobo zeenjongo kunye nokuphambuka kweefos kuquka i-PING ne-TRACERT imiyalelo. Ukuphendula kwizicelo ze-ICMP nangona kunjalo kungasetyenziselwa ukwenza imeko yokukhanyela kwinkonzo kwikhompyutha yakho okanye ukuqokelela ulwazi malunga nekhompyutha yakho. Ukuchofoza kwiqhosha leZiko le-ICMP kukuvumela ukuba uchaze ngokuchanekileyo ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zezonxibelelwano ze-ICMP ozenzayo okanye ungafuni ukuba iWindows Firewall ivumele.
Icandelo lokugqibela leTebhu eliPhambili liCandelo leSetingi leMida . Ukuba wenze utshintsho kwaye inkqubo yakho ayisasebenziyo kwaye awukwazi nokuba uya kuphi, unako ukuza kweli candelo njengento yokugqibela kwaye ucofa Ukubuyisela izicwangciso ezizimeleyo ukusetha kwakhona iWindows Firewall yakho kwisikwere esinye.
Inqaku lomhleli: Le nqaku yenkcazelo yemveli yahlaziywa nguAndy O'Donnell