Kukho izikolo ezimbalwa ezikhuphisanayo malunga nemiphumo yamandla ombane okomandla, mhlawumbi ngesimo sokuhlaselwa kwe-EMP okanye into engokwemvelo njenge-coronal mass ejection, kwiimoto kunye namaloli.
Ubulumko obuqhelekileyo buya kuthi ukuba imoto yakho inayo nayiphi na i-electronics ezoba yi-toast emva kokuhlaselwa kwe-EMP, apho apho imbono yokuba iimoto zakha ngexesha nangemva kwee-1980 azikho i-EMP-ephephile. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo lwehlabathi lokwenene kunye ne-EMP simulators lenze iziphumo ezidibeneyo.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yeyiphi ikampu owela kuyo, umba omkhulu kukuba emva kokuhlaselwa okukhulu kwe-EMP, okanye i-coronal mass ejection, inokwenzeka ukuba ukuveliswa kwamafutha kunye neenkqubo zokuhambisa ziya kubanjelwa ngaphandle. Oko kuthetha ukuba imoto yakho yayiza kusinda ekuhlaselweni kwe-EMP, uya kushiywa ngaphandle kokungena ngaphandle komthombo wamanzi.
Yintoni i-Emp?
I-EMP imele i-pulse electromagnetic pulse, kwaye ngokuyisiseko ibhekisela ekugqibeleni okukhulu kwamandla okombane kwizinga elingaziphazamisa, okanye ukulimaza ngokusisigxina, nayiphina i-electronics edibana nayo.
Iingqungquthela zelanga zenze ii-EMP eziwonakalise i-satellites kwixesha elidlulileyo, kwaye izixhobo ziye zaphuhliswa ukuba zikhubaza ngokude iinqwelo ngokuvelisa i-pulse ye-electromagnetic eqinile.
Xa abantu bethetha malunga nokuhlaselwa kwe-EMP, bathetha enye yeendlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo. Iyokuqala yendalo yenyukliya, kwaye ibandakanya ukukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza kwamandla ombane okhethwa ngumbane emva kwenkunkuma yenyukliya.
Kwimeko enye yexesha eliqhelekileyo lokusasazeka, izixhobo ezininzi zeekliya, ezibhekiswe njengezixhobo eziphezulu zokupasa i-electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) zingasuswa kwilizwekazi laseMerika. Oku kuza kuthatha yonke igridi yamandla kunye nokulimaza i-electronics engaphethekiyo kulo lonke ilizwe.
Olunye uhlobo lokuhlaselwa kwe-EMP lubandakanya isikhali esingekho yenyukliya. Ezi zixhobo zisebenzisa iindlela ezingezona zenyukliya ukuphumeza ukukhutshwa kwamandla amakhulu kagesi, ngokuqhelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezifana ne-bank capacitor kunye ne-microwave generator.
Kukho nawuphi na, uloyiko oluhambelana nokuhlaselwa kwe-EMP kukuba ukunyuka kwamandla kagesi kunokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwezixhobo zombane. Ezinye iifowuni zingavimbela okwesikhashana, ezinye zikwazi ukungasebenzi kakuhle, kunye nekhompyutheni ekhompyutheni kunye nekhompyutha yekhompyutha zingonakaliswa okanye zonakaliswe ngonaphakade.
EMP Izithuthi ezikhuselekileyo
Ekubeni i ngcamango emva kokuhlaselwa kwe-EMP kukuthabatha i-electronics, kwaye iimoto zanamhlanje kunye neenqwelo ezikhoyo zigcwele i-electronics, ubulumko obuqhelekileyo lithetha ukuba nayiphi na imoto eyakhiwe ukususela ekuqaleni kwee-1980 ingaba yingozi kwi-EMP. Ngengqiqo efanayo, izithuthi ezitsha ezithembeke ngakumbi kwi-elektroniki ziyakwazi ukulimala xa kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa.
Iimoto zanamhlanje zisebenzisa inani leenkqubo ezilawulwa ngogesi, ukusuka kwi-injection fuel to control controls kunye nayo yonke into ephakathi, ngoko kubonakala kunengqiqo ukuba i-EMP enamandla iguqula nayiphi na imoto yesimanje ibe yi-paperweight ebiza kakhulu ngokuvala umbane okanye ukulimaza ngonaphakade .
Ngokwale nkcazo, izithuthi ezindala ezingayisebenzisi iinkqubo ezinzima kwiinkqubo zekhompyutha kufuneka zikhuseleke kwi-EMP. Nangona kunjalo, inani elincinci lovavanyo lwehlabathi lokwenene oluye lwenziwa ngokuqinisekileyo aluhambelani nale ngqiqo.
Ukuxhatshazwa kwemoto kwi-EMP
Ngokweenkcukacha ezivela kwiKomishoni ye-EMP, ubulumko obuqhelekileyo buya kuba bubi, okanye ubuncinane alunganga ngokupheleleyo. Kuhlolisiso olukhishwe ngo-2004, iKhomishoni ye-EMP ibeke iimoto ezingama-37 ezahlukeneyo kunye namaloli ukwenzela ukuhlaselwa kwe-EMP kwaye yafumanisa ukuba akukho namnye kubo oye wafumana umonakalo ongenasigxina, onobungozi, nangona iziphumo zaxutyushwa.
Uphononongo lwangaphakathi kwezithuthi ezifanelwe ukuhlaselwa kwe-EMP zombini ngelixa livaliwe kwaye ngelixa liqhuba, kwaye lafumanisa ukuba akukho nxalenye yezithuthi eziye zafumana iziphumo ezibi ukuba ukuhlaselwa kwenzeka xa i-injini ikhulile. Xa ukuhlaselwa kwenzeka ngelixa izithuthi ziqhutywe, ezinye zazo zivalekile, kanti ezinye zihluphekile ezinye iziphumo ezifana nezibane eziphosakeleyo.
Nangona ezinye zeenjini zafa xa zixhomekeke kwi-EMP, nganye yeemoto ezihamba ngeemoto ezivivinywa yiKhomishoni ye-EMP yaqala ukubuyela.
Uphando lufumanisa ukuba i-90 ekhulwini yeemoto emzimbeni ngo-2004 ayiyi kuba nemiphumo emibi kuyo yonke ivela kwi-EMP, ngelixa iipesenti ezili-10 ziza kugqithisa okanye zihlupheke ezinye iimpembelelo ezimbi eziza kufuna ukungenelela komqhubi. Leyo nombolo ayinakwenzeka ukuba yenyuka kwiminyaka elishumi elingaphumi ukususela ekubeni kukho iimoto ezingaphezulu namhlanje ezisebenzisa i-electronics, kodwa akukho zithuthi ezivivinywe yi-EMP ikhomishoni.
Kutheni iimvavanyo zeeKomishoni ze-EMP azizange zonakalise ngokusisigxina i-Automotive Electronics?
Kukho izizathu ezimbalwa ezenza ukuba i-elektroniki kwimoto yethu ibe yinto encinci ngakumbi kunokuba sibone i-credit. Eyokuqala kukuba i-electronics kwiimoto kunye namaloli sele sele ekhuselekile, kwaye banamathele ngakumbi kunabo bonke abathengi ngekhompyutha ngenxa yeemeko ezibuhlungu abazithotyelwe ngexesha.
Enye into enokukunceda ukukhusela i-elektroniki kwimoto kukuba umzimba wesinyithi wesithuthi unokusebenza njengendawo encinane ye-Faraday. Yingakho ungasinda isithuthi sakho sitshitshiswe ngumbane, kwaye yintoni na ukuba i-antenna yeevendiyo zisekho ngaphandle, kunokuba ngaphakathi, isithuthi. Ewe, imoto yakho ayikho ipaki epheleleyo yaseFaraday, okanye awuyi kukwazi ukwenza kunye nokufumana iifowuni zefowuni.
Ukhuseleke ngakumbi kunesixolo kwi-Attack ye-EMP?
Nangona kungekho nenye yeemoto ezivivinywe yiKhomishoni ye-EMP ngo-2004 eyayinomonakalo osisigxina okanye okhubazayo, kwaye enye yodwa yamaloli yayidinga i-tow, oko akuthethi ukuba imoto iyazikhusela ngokupheleleyo kwi-EMP. Izithuthi ezakhiwe kwiminyaka elishumi ukususela kwi-EMP yophando lwe-EMP ingaba yingozi kakhulu, ngenxa ye-electronics kwi-electronics, okanye i-vulnerable less, ngenxa yokukhuseleka okuthe xaxa ekuphazamiseni i-elektroniki.
Kukho nawuphi na, inyaniso kukuba ngelixa kunokwenzeka ukuba i-EMP iwonakalise i-elektroniki kwimoto okanye kwilori, ayikho i-electronics ebalulekileyo ekumakaleni kwiinqwelo ezidala. Yilapho i-adage yakudala "ekhuselekileyo kunokuba ibuhlungu" idlala.
I-Safest Vehicle emva kokuhlaselwa kwe-EMP
Nangona uvavanyo lwehlabathi lokwenene lubonakala lubonisa ukuba ezininzi iimoto zamanje kunye namaloli ziya kuqala kwaye ziqhube kakuhle emva kokuhlaselwa kwe-EMP, kukho ezinye iimeko ezimbalwa ezifuna ukucatshungulwa. Ngokomzekelo, iimoto ezindala kunye namaloli zilula, kulula ukusebenza, kwaye kulula ukufumana iindawo. Kwaye kwimeko enzima kakhulu, emva kokuhlaselwa kwe-EMP, kukho ingxabano ecacileyo yokwenzelwa imoto endala, ethembekileyo onokuyenza ngayo.
Enye into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kukuba ukuba yonke igridi yamandla isuswa phantsi, ukuveliswa kwamafutha kunye nokubonelela kuya kufela emanzini de kube yabuya. Oko kuthetha ukuba uya kubambelela nantoni na onayo esandleni, apho ukwazi ulwazi lokwenza i-ethanol okanye i-biodiesel ekhaya kungafika kakhulu.