Abantu ngamanye amaxesha bathetha kwi-intanethi ye-wireless ngokuthi "i-Wi-Fi" nangona inethwekhi isebenzisa uhlobo olungaphelelanga lweteknoloji engenazintambo. Nangona kubonakala ngathi kufanelekile ukuba zonke iifowuni zee wireless zimele zisetyenziselwe enye inethiwekhi yenkqubo yenethiwekhi efana ne-Wi-Fi, amanethiwekhi amanamhlanje axhasa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeprotocols endaweni yoko. Isizathu: Akukho migaqo-nkqubo ekhoyo inika isisombululo esipheleleyo kuzo zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenzisa i-wireless people wanting. Ezinye zibhetele kangcono ukugcina ibhetri kumadivayisi eselula, ngelixa abanye banikela ngesantya esiphezulu okanye ukuxhomekeka okude kunye nokude.
Iiprosoft protocol ezingezantsi ezingenazintambo zibonakaliswe ngokukhethekileyo kwizixhobo zabathengi kunye / okanye iindawo zoshishino.
LTE
Ngaphambi kokuba ii-smartphones ezitsha zithathwe ngokuba yi-fourth generation ("4G") zokunxibelelana ezingenazintambo, ii-fowuni zasebenzisa iindidi ezidibanisayo zezizukulwana zokuqala zokunxibelelana kwamaselula ngamagama afana neHSDPA , GPRS kunye ne- EV-DO . Iziphathamandla zeefowuni kunye nezoshishino ziye zatyala imali eninzi yokuphucula iibhokhwe zesitrato kunye nezinye izixhobo zonxibelelwano ukuxhasa u-4G, ukulinganisa kwenkqubo yokunxibelelana ebizwa ngokuba yiX Long Term Evolution (LTE) evelele njengenkonzo enqwenela ukuqala ngo-2010.
I-teknoloji ye- LTE yenzelwe ukuphucula ngokukodwa ixabiso lamanani aphantsi kunye nemiba ehambayo kunye neenkqubo zefowuni ezindala. Le protocol ingakwazi ukuthwala ngaphezu kwe-100 Mbps yedata, nangona i- bandwidth yenethwekhi ilawulwa ngokuqhelekileyo kumanqanaba angaphantsi kwe-10 Mbps kubasebenzisi ngabanye. Ngenxa yeendleko eziphambili zezixhobo, kunye nemingeni efanelekileyo yolawulo lweeburhulumenteni, izithuthi zeefowuni azikaze zisebenzise i-LTE kwiindawo ezininzi. I-LTE ayifanelekanga kwikhaya kunye nakwezinye iindawo zokunxibelelana kwendawo , zenzelwe ukuxhasa inani elikhulu labathengi kumgama omde kakhulu (kunye neendleko eziphezulu ezihambelanayo). Kaninzi "
Wi-Fi
I-Wi-Fi idityaniswe ngokubanzi kunye nokunxibelelana nge- wireless njengoko kuye kwaba yinto efanelekileyo yokuxhomekeka kumanethiwekhi asekhaya nakwiinkonzo zomphakathi. I-Wi-Fi yathandwa kakhulu ukusuka ekuqaleni kwee-1990 njengoko i-hardware enxibelelwano efunekayo ukwenzela ukuba ii-PC, abaprinta kunye nezinye izixhobo zabathengi zifikeleleke ngokubanzi kwaye amaxabiso eedatha axhaswayo aphuculwe kumazinga amkelekileyo (ukusuka kwi-11 Mbps ukuya kuma-54 Mbps nangaphezulu).
Nangona i-Wi-Fi ingenziwa ukuba isebenze ixesha elide kwimimandla elawulwa ngokucophelela, umgaqo-nkqubo unyanzelekile ukuba usebenze ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuhlala yokuhlala okanye izakhiwo zorhwebo kunye neendawo zangaphandle kwimida emifutshane yokuhamba. Isivinini se -Wi-Fi sisezantsi kunezinye iiprotokholi ezingenazintambo. Izixhobo zefowuni zixhasa ngokubanzi i-Wi-Fi kunye ne-LTE (kunye namanye ama-protocol asekudala) ukunika abasebenzisi ukuguquguquka kwiintlobo zonxibelelwano abanokuzisebenzisa.
Iiprosoft protocol ze-Wi-Fi ezikhuselekileyo zongeza ukhuseleko lokunikwa kwenethiwekhi kunye neenkcukacha zokubethela idatha kwiinkcukacha ze-Wi-Fi. Ngokukodwa, i- WPA2 inconywa ukuba isetyenziswe kumanethiwekhi asekhaya ukukhusela amaqela angagunyazisiweyo ukungena kwi-intanethi okanye ukukhawulwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu ethunyelwe emoyeni.
ibluetooth
Enye yeeprotokholi ezindala ezingenazintambo zikhoyo ngokubanzi, i- bluetooth yenziwa kuma-1990s ukuvumelanisa idatha phakathi kweefowuni kunye nezinye iifowuni ezixhaswa ngamatri. I-Bluetooth idinga inani elincinane lamandla okusebenza ngaphandle kwe-Wi-Fi kunye nezinye iiprotokholi ezingenazintambo. Ukubuyisana, ukuxhunywa kweBluetooth kusebenza kuphela kwiimitha ezimfutshane, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngeenyawo ezili-10 (10 m) okanye ngaphantsi kunye nenkxaso yexabiso elincinane, ngokubanzi kwi-1-2 Mbps. I-Wi-Fi ithathe indawo yeBluetooth kwizinto ezithile ezitsha, kodwa ezininzi iifowuni zixhase zombini ezi protocol. Kaninzi "
Iimpawu ze-60 ze-GHz - i-WirelessHD ne-WiGig
Enye yemisebenzi ethandwa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zekhompyutheni isakaza idatha yevidiyo, kwaye iiprotokholi ezininzi ezingenazintambo ezisebenza kwii-60 zeGigahertz (GHz) zakhiwe ukuxhaswa okungcono oku kunye nezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo ezifuna inani elikhulu le-bandwidth yenethiwekhi. Imilinganiselo emibini yecandelo ebizwa ngokuba yi- WirelessHD kunye ne- WiGig yadalwa kuma-2000s kokubili esebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-GHz 60 ukuxhasa uxhulumaniso oluphezulu lwe-wirewidth: WiGig inikezela phakathi kwe-1 ne-7 Gbps ye-bandwidth ngoxa i-WirelessHD isekela phakathi kwe-10 ne-28 Gbps.
Nangona ukuhanjiswa kwevidiyo ezisisiseko kunokwenziwa kwiinkonzo ze-Wi-Fi, umgangatho ogqwesileyo we-quality definition definition streams ufuna ixabiso lamanani aphezulu ezi protocols zinikeza. Iziganeko eziphezulu kakhulu zokungena kwi-WirelessHD kunye ne-WiGig xa kuthelekiswa ne-Wi-Fi (60 GHz ngokubhekiselele kwi-2.4 okanye kwi-5 GHz) kunciphisa kakhulu uluhlu lwexhumo, ngokuqhelekileyo lube lufutshane kuneBluetooth, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ukuya kwelinye kwigumbi (njengoko ama-60 GHz amashishini angena ). Kaninzi "
Iiprotokholi ze-Automatic Home Automation - Z-Wave kunye neZigbee
Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zethungelwano ziye zenziwe ukuxhasa iinkqubo zokuzenzekela ekhaya ezivumela ukulawula ukukhanya kwezibane, izixhobo zasemakhaya, kunye nezixhobo zabathengi. Iiprotokholi ezimbini ezibonakalayo ezingenazintambo ze-automated home are Z-Wave neZigbee . Ukufezekisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kakhulu okufunekayo kwiindawo ezizenzekelayo ekhaya, ezi protocol kunye nenkxaso yazo yezinto eziphathekayo kuphela kwizinga eliphantsi lolwazi - 0.25 Mbps zeZigbee kunye ne-0.01 Mbps kuphela ye-Z-Wave. Nangona ixabiso lwedatha ngokucacileyo ayilungele ukuxhunywa kwenethiwekhi jikelele, ezobuchwephesha zisebenza kakuhle kunye nezixhobo eziphathekayo kubathengi abaxhamli beemfuno ezinxibelelwano ezilula. Kaninzi "