Isikhokelo soQaleli kwiWPA2 kunye nendlela eSebenza ngayo
I-WPA2 (i-Wi-Fi Access Protected 2) iteknoloji yokhuseleko lwenethiwekhi isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkonzo ezingenazintambo ze-Wi-Fi . Uphuculo oluvela kwikhompyutheni ye- WPA yasekuqaleni, eyenzelwe ukuba ibe yindawo yokuthatha i-WEP endala kunye nekhuseleke kakhulu.
I-WPA2 isetyenziswe kuzo zonke i-hardware eziqinisekisiweyo ze-Wi-Fi ukususela ngowama-2006 kwaye isekelwe kwi-IEEE 802.11i ye-tekhnoloji esemgangathweni yokubhaliweyo kwedatha.
Xa i-WPA2 inikwe amandla kunye nenketho yayo yokuqhosha okuqinileyo, nabani na omnye ngaphakathi kwintlobo yenethiwekhi bangakwazi ukubona i-traffic kodwa iya kukhankanywa ngamanqanaba okubhalwa kwemifanekiso.
WPA2 ngokumalunga neWPA kunye neWEP
Kudideka ukubona ama-acronyms WPA2, WPA, kunye ne-WEP kuba zonke zibonakala zifana noko ukuba akunandaba nokuba ukhetha ukukhusela intanethi yakho, kodwa kukho ukungafani phakathi kwabo.
Inqabiseko encinci yi-WEP, enika ukhuseleko olulinganayo nolunxibelelwano oluxhunyiwe. I-WEP idlulisela imilayezo isebenzisa amagagasi omsakazo kwaye kulula ukuyiqhawula. Oku kungenxa yokuba iqhosha elifanayo lokubhaliweyo lisetyenziselwa yonke ipakethi yedatha. Ukuba idatha eyaneleyo ihlaziywa yi-eavesdropper, isitshixo sinokufumaneka lula kunye nesofthiwe ye-automated (kwimizuzu embalwa nje). Kungcono ukuphepha iWEP ngokupheleleyo.
I-WPA iphucula kwi-WEP kuba inikezela iskripthi sokubhaliweyo se-TKIP ukukhahlela ikhiye lokubhala kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ayitshintshi ngexesha lokudluliswa kwedatha. Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-WPA2 kunye ne-WPA kukuba i-WPA2 iqhubela phambili ukuphucula ukhuseleko lomnathali ngoba kufuna ukusebenzisa indlela ene-encryption eyomeleleyo ebizwa nge-AES.
Zininzi iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela iWPA2. I-WPA2 I-Key-Shared Key (PSK) isebenzisa izitshixo ezingama-hexadecimal amadijithi angama-64 kwaye iyindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkonzo zasekhaya. Uninzi lwama-routers interchange "WPA2 PSK" kunye ne "WPA2 Personal" imodi; ba bhe kisela kwi-teknoloji efanayo.
Iphulo: Ukuba uthabatha into eyodwa kuphela kule miqhathaniso, qaphela ukuba ukususela kuncinci kukhuseleke kakhulu, yiWEP, WPA kunye neWPA2.
I-AES kunye ne-TKIP ye-Incryption ye-Wireless
Xa kusekwa intanethi kunye neWPA2, kukho iindlela ezinokukhetha kuzo, ngokuquka ukukhetha phakathi kweendlela ezimbini zokubhala: i-AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) kunye ne-TKIP (I-Temporal Key Integrity Protocol).
Abaninzi bee-routers zasekhaya bavumele abalawuli ukuba bakhethe phakathi kwezi zinto zidibeneyo:
- I-WPA kunye ne-TKIP (i-WPA-TKIP): Olu khetho olukhethiweyo kubasebenzisi bexesha elide abangazange baxhase iWPA2.
- I-WPA kunye ne-AES (i-WPA-AES): I-AES yaqala ukuqaliswa phambi kokuba umgangatho weWPA2 ugqityiwe, nangona ambalwa abathengi abaye baxhasa le ndlela.
- I-WPA2 nge-AES (i-WPA2-AES): Olu khetho olukhethiweyo kubasebenzisi abasha kunye nenketho ekhuthazwayo kumanethiwekhi apho bonke abaxhasi baxhasa i-AES.
- I-WPA2 nge-AES kunye ne-TKIP (i-WPA2-AES / iTKIP): Abaqhubi bafuneka ukuba benze zombini iimodesi ukuba ngaba nawuphi na umthengi wabo akaxhasi i-AES. Bonke abaxhasi be-WPA2 abakwaziyo ukuxhasa i-AES kodwa abaninzi abathengi be-WPA abazi.
WPA2 Imida
Uninzi lwee routers zixhasa iWPA2 kunye nesici esahlukileyo esibizwa ngokuba yi- Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) . Ngoxa i-WPS yenzelwe ukwenza lula inkqubo yokuseka ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi yasekhaya, iimpazamo ekusebenziseni kwazo zinciphise kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwayo.
Nge-WPA2 kwaye i-WPS ikhubazekile, umhlaseli kufuneka afune ngandlela-thile ukucacisa i-WPA2 PSK eyenziwa ngabaxhasi, oko kuyinkqubo echitha ixesha. Ngenxa yezixhobo zombini ziyakwazi, umhlaseli ufuna kuphela ukufumana i-PIN ye-WPS ukuze, ngokukhawuleza, ubonise ukhiye we-WPA2, eyinkqubo elula kakhulu. Abameli bezokhuseleko bancoma ukugcina iWPS ikhubazekile ngenxa yesi sizathu.
I-WPA kunye ne-WPA2 ngezinye iinkqubo ziphazamisana nomnye ukuba ngaba zombini inikwe amandla kwi-router ngexesha elifanayo, kwaye ingabangela ukuxhamla koxhumo lwabaxhasi.
Ukusebenzisa i-WPA2 kunciphisa ukusebenza kwenxibelelwano yonxibelelwano ngenxa yomsebenzi oqhutywayo wokukhutshwa kunye nokuchithwa. Okokuthi, impembelelo yentsebenzo ye-WPA2 ngokuqhelekileyo ayinakunyanzeliswa, ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa nomngcipheko wokhuseleko wokusebenzisa i-WPA okanye i-WEP, okanye akukho nakwi-encryption nhlobo.