Ukubeka i-laboratory i-laboratory idinga nje ezimbalwa izixhobo ezibalulekileyo nezixhobo. Nangona iinqununu zezixhobo eziyimfuneko zingabalulekanga kwisicelo sakho, izixhobo eziyimfuneko zifanayo malunga neliphi na lebhu yekhompyutha.
Multimeter
Ukulinganiswa kwemilinganiselo ye-multimeter kunye nokuchaneka nokuchaneka kwenza i-multimeters isixhobo esibalulekileyo kunayo nayiphi na ibha yekhompyutha. I-Multimeters izakukwazi ukulinganisa zombini i-AC kunye ne-DC yamandla kunye nokuxhatshazwa. I-Multimeters isoloko isetyenziselwa ukujongana neengxaki kunye nokuvavanywa kweesekethe . Izixhobo ze-Multimeter ziquka iimodyuli zokuhlola i-transistor, i-probes ye- temperature sensors, i- probes eziphezulu ze-voltage, kunye neekiti ze-probe. Ii-Multimeters zifumaneke nje ngeyona mali eyi-$ 10 kwaye zikwazi ukuqhuba amawaka amaninzi ngokuchaneka okuphezulu, i-unit accreditation benchtop unit.
LCR Meter
Njengoko i-multimeters ikhona, ayinakukwazi ukulinganisa i-capacitance okanye inductance apho i-LCR imitha (i-Inductance (L), i-Capacitance (C), no-Resistance (R)) iya kumfanekiso. Iimitha ze-LCR zizahlukahluka ezimbini, inguqu ephantsi yeendleko ezilinganisa impedance epheleleyo yecandelo kunye nohlobo olubi kakhulu olulinganisa onke amanqaku okungafunyaniswa kwecandelo, ukuxhatshazwa koxinzelelo (ESR) kunye noMgangatho (Q) yecandelo. Ukuchaneka kweendleko eziphantsi kweendleko ze-LCR ngokuqhelekileyo zihluphekile, kunye nokunyamezela okuphezulu kuma-20%. Ekubeni ama-capacitor amaninzi anokunyamezela okwe -20% ngokwabo, ukuhlanganiswa kokunyamezela imitha kunye nenxalenye kunokubangela iingxaki ezongezelelweyo ekudaleni nasekujongeni ukuxilongwa kweekhompyutha.
Oscilloscope
I-elektronike imayelana nempawu kunye ne-oscilloscope iyona sixhobo sokulinganisela ukugcina umqondiso wempawu. I-Oscilloscopes, edlalwa ngokuba yi-oscopes okanye i-scopes, ibonisa iimpawu kwifomati yokubonisa imizobo kwi-axes of axxes, ngokubanzi nge-Y njengombane kunye neX njengesihlandlo. Le yindlela enamandla kakhulu yokubona ngokukhawuleza ukuma kwesiginci, ukugqiba oko kwenzekayo kwesekethe ye-elektroniki kunye nokubeka iliso ukusebenza okanye ukulandelela iingxaki. I-Oscilloscopes ifumaneka kwiinguqu zedijithali ne-analog, ukuqala ngeedola ezilikhulu kunye nokusebenza kwimashumi amawaka ephezulu kumanqaku omgca. Iimpawu zedijithali zinemilinganiselo emininzi kunye nezinketho ezikhethiweyo ezakhiweyo kwinkqubo eyenza umlinganiselo wentshukumo yokuphakama, ukuphindaphinda, ububanzi be-pulse, ixesha lokunyuka, ukuthelekiswa kwamagqabantshintshi kunye nokurekhoda kwemifomfomfayile elula.
Soldering Iron
Isixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuhlanganisela i-elektroniki yintsimbi yokuxubha, isisombululo sesandla esisetyenziselwa ukutyutyula i-solder ukwenzela uxhumano lombane kunye nomzimba phakathi kweendawo ezimbini. Iimfono eziqhotyoshelweyo ziza kwiifom ezimbalwa, kunye nexabiso elincinci lixhomekeke ngqo kwi-outlet kwisixhobo sandla. Nangona ezi zixhobo zengxowankulu zisebenza, ngokuba ezininzi zeekhompyutheni zisebenza kwindawo yokushisa i- soldering esilawulwa ngokufudumele. Isalathiso sesinyithi esinyukayo sitshiswa ngumlilo okhuselekileyo kwaye ngokusoloko kuhlolwe ngumveleli weqondo lokushisa ukuze kugcinwe ukushisa kwe-tip. Iingcebiso zentsimbi eziqhotyoshelweyo zihlala zikhutshwa kwaye ziyafumaneka kwiinkalo zobunjwa kunye nezitayela zokufumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi wokuqhawula .
Izixhobo zoMatshini eziPhambili
Zonke iilabhu zecomputer zifuna izixhobo ezisisiseko zendlela zokuncedisa ukuxhasa ngemisebenzi ephambili kwaye zenze imisebenzi elula ngakumbi ibe lula. Ezinye zezixhobo eziphambili ziquka abaqingqi be-shear, abaxhamli bamacingo, izixhobo ezikhuselekileyo ze-ESD, iipilisi zeempumlo zeengalane, isethi yokuhlaziya isicatshulwa, "izixhobo zesithathu" kunye ne-alligator / test test and leads. Ezinye izixhobo, ezinjenge-ESD zokuzikhusela ezikhuselekileyo, zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwintlambo yomhlaba ngelixa ezinye izixhobo, ezifana "nesandla sithathu" zixhamla xa zixutywa kwi-PCB kunye necandelo, i-PCB, i-iron-soldering kunye ne-solder yonke imfuno kubanjwe endaweni.
Optics
Izixhobo zombane zihamba kakhulu kakhulu. Amancinci okwaneleyo ukuba banokuba nzima ukubamba ngokuchaneka ngokuchanekileyo. Ii-optics zeebhu ezisisiseko ezinjenge-loupe magnifying kunye nezikhulu zamalenti eziphakanyisiweyo zixhamla kumaxesha amaninzi, kodwa anikezeli ukukhushulwa okukhulu, ngokuphakanyiswa kwe-5-10x ekhoyo ekupheleni okuphezulu. ULoupes kunye nokukhulisa iilensi zisebenza kakuhle kwiimfuno zebhu ebalulekileyo, kodwa ukuba umsebenzi wendibano kunye nomsebenzi wokuhlola uya kwenziwa, ngoko i-stereomicroscope ifanelekile. Ukusebenza kwintlambo yomhlaba, i-stereomicroscope enika phakathi kokuphakama kwe-25x no-90x exhasa ukulungiswa ngokuchanekileyo kwendawo yokukhwela kwendawo kunye nokuhlolwa kwezinga lebhodi. I-Stereomicroscopes iqala malunga ne-$ 500 kwaye ikhona kwi-zoom eguqukileyo okanye eguquguqukayo, ukhetho oluninzi lwezinto zokukhanyisa, kunye neendlela ezongezelelweyo zokujonga iikhamera okanye abasebenzisi abaninzi.
Ukunikezwa Amandla
Ekugqibeleni, kunzima ukuvavanya isiphaluka ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amandla kuwo. Zininzi iintlobo zamandla ezinamandla ezikhoyo ukuxhasa ukuyila kunye nokuvavanya ngekhompyutha kunye nenani leempawu. Ukubonelela ngeenjongo zombane, amandla okutshintsha kunye nokulawulwa kwangoku yenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu. Oku kuvumela ukuba omnye unikezele ukubonelela uluhlu olubanzi lwemiqathango engalungiswa kuyo nayiphi na isicelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ezi zinto zinokusebenza ngombane okhoyo okanye ngokuqhubekayo kwimodi yangoku, ukuvumela ukuvavanywa ngokukhawuleza kwamacandelo okanye iindawo ezithile zokuyila ngaphandle kokwakhiwa kwesiphaluka esithile sesekethe.
Ezinye izixhobo
Izixhobo ezingentla zikhawulwe nje kwisixhobo sezixhobo ezikhoyo kwaye sinokubaluleka kwisicelo sakho. Ezinye zezinye izixhobo eziqhelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa okugxininisiweyo kubandakanya:
- Izixhobo zokusebenza
- Abavelisi beMpawu
- Abahlalutyi beSectect
- Abahlalutyi bamanqaku
- Generator Pattern
- I-Analyzer Protocol
- Umhlalutyi wenethiwekhi
- Umtshini wokuTshintshela