Umngeni wezobuchwepheshe kunye nomxholo omncinci uthetha u-4K okwamanje awunjalo
I-Apple TV 4 ayixhasi i-4K Ultra HD TV. Kwakulungile xa isixhobo sisungulwe ngo-2015, kodwa imeko iyaqhubeka nokuguquka. Kutheni i-Apple ibambezele ukuqaliswa koxhasongo lwe-4K, yintoni i-4K, yintoni eye kwindlela kwaye sinokuyilindela?
Izigidi zamakhaya sele sele ezine-4K Ultra HD TV, kodwa i-Apple TV 4 ayixhaseli umgangatho. Kulungile, xa imodeli yaziswa kwakukho ubuchwepheshe, imimiselo, imimiselo kunye nemigqaliselo enemixholo eyayithetha ukuba nangona i-Apple yayiza kunikezela ngenkxaso ye-4K, bekungeke ikwazi ukuhambisa abathengi ngamava amaninzi omsebenzisi.
4K?
Umgangatho we-4K (owaziwa ngokuba yi-HD HD) ekugqibeleni uza kufaka i-HD TV. Abathengi abaninzi base-US bethatha indawo yabo yeTV rhoqo kwiminyaka esixhenxe, ngoko ke umjikelezo wokutshintsha uthatha ixesha.
Abantu basebenzisa ii-TV ze-4K ze-ultra-high-definition abanemifanekiso engama-pixels angama-3,840 ububanzi kunye neepiskisi ze-2,160 eziphakamileyo. Bangakwazi ukubonelela ngomgangatho wesithombe owona maxesha amane angcono kunokuba ufumane kwi-HD ephezulu, ngokude nje ukuba umxholo uxhasa isisombululo (apho, ngaphantsi ngaphantsi).
Abo babasebenzisa i-4K indumiso ngemifanekiso yayo ecacileyo, imifanekiso kunye nomgangatho ogqithisileyo wesithombe. Nangona kunjalo, ukufunyanwa kweeJuniper zakutshanje kuthatha ipesenti ezili-15 zezigidi ezili-116.4 ze-US ziza kuba ne-TV ye-4K ngasekupheleni kuka-2016.
"Kuya kuthatha iminyaka emininzi ngaphambi kokuba ininzi yemindeni yeTV ihlale ilungele u-4K UHD," utshilo u-Ovum, u-Oleksiy Danilin.
4K Ukungena kwe-UHD kuya kufinyelela kuma-25.5% emindeni yeTV yomhlaba wonke ngo-2020. ISicwangciso se-Analytics sivumelana nalo vavanyo.
Inyaniso ibonakala iyinto yokuba i-Apple yayingenise inkxaso ye-4K kwi-Apple TV 4, yayiza kubhenela kuphela kumncinci omncinci wabathengisi be-TV.
Oku kunokuba nefuthe elibi lokwenza umveliso ubonakale ungathandeki kubathengi abanokuthi bangenaso ukusethwa kwe-4K, njengoko bengenakukwazi ukuxhatshaza i-flagship yayo,
Kodwa ezinye iiWindows Stream 4K?
I-Amazon, i- Roku , ne-Nvidia zonke zibonelela ngezisombululo zokusasaza nge-Apple TV kwaye zixhasa i-TV ye-4K, kodwa ingekho ngaphandle kokunciphisa - kuba umgangatho we-4K wawungagqibekanga ngokupheleleyo.
Cinga nje ngeVHS ngokubhekiselele kuBetamax, okanye i-Blu-ray ne-HD DVD.
Inokumangaliswa ukuba ufunde ukuba xa kufike kwi-4K, imilinganiselo yokugqibela yoshishino ayivunyelwanga kude kube yi-CES 2016 - inyanga emva kokuqaliswa kwe-Apple TV 4.
Kuze kube ngoko, abavelisi abahlukeneyo bathumela iisethi zikamabonwakude ezixhotyiswe ngokuphunyezwa kancinci kwe-teknoloji ebalulekileyo yokuxhasa iTT 4K, i-HDR (High Dynamic Range). I-HDR ikunceda ufumane umfanekiso ongcono ngakumbi ukusuka kude.
Oku kwakunomphumo ongathandekiyo wecala kumava omsebenzisi. Kwakuthetha ukuthatha i-balkanization, oko kuthetha ukuba ezinye iibhokisi zokusasaza zisebenza ngcono ngezinye iiTV kunezinye.
Kungenzeka nokuba yinxalenye yeso sokuba uMphathiswa waseJapan weMicimbi yangaphakathi kunye noNxibelelwano ngo-2016 waxwayisa abathengi ukuba iisethi ze-4K zeTV eziye zathengiswa khona iminyaka ziza kufuna "abafumanayo abakhethekileyo" ukuba bathathe ukusasazwa kwee-4K xa baqalisa ngo-2018.
Ngakanani i-TV ye-4K engekho i-TV ye-4K?
Enye imingcipheko enkulu ababukeli beTV abanakwenzeka ukuba bahlale behlala kwi-HDMI standard - ukulungelelaniswa kusetyenziswa ukuxhuma umabonwakude kwibhokisi ebekwe phezulu, imidlalo yeconsole okanye ibhokisi lebhokisi.
Ukunandipha umxholo we-4K yakho i-TV yakho kunye nebhokisi yakho kufuneka ibonelele entsha (ish) HDMI 2.0 standard - ezininzi ithelevishini ezithengiswa njenge-TV 4K aziyiqhayise i-HDMI 2.0 port. I-Apple TV ine-HDMI 1.4 port, ngoko ke nokuba ibhokisi ifunyenwe 4K ayikwazi ukuyiqhuba kwiTV.
Isisombululo esisodwa esisetyenziselwa ukufumana into efana ne-4K esemgangathweni kwimithombo engeyiyo engu-4K i-upscaling yomfanekiso. Ezinye ii-TV ze-4K zakutshanje zisebenzisa le teknoloji kumxholo ophakamileyo ukuya kwizigqibo eziphezulu. Ukusetyenziswa, oku kuthetha ukuba nangona i-Apple TV isakaza ividiyo eyi-1,080p into oyibonayo kwiskrini ibonakala ingakumbi.
Ukusasaza kweengxaki ze-4K
Ii-4K zokusasaza iinkonzo kwiifom yeH.265. Ingxaki ngefomathi kukuba ayikho ekhulile njengoko i-H.264 ithatha indawo, ngoko umgangatho wesithunzi unokungahambelani. I-Apple ayiyi kufuna le nto.
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukucinga ukuba ukuba i-Apple TV ixhaswe nge-4K kuya kufuneka ibe ngumthengisi womxholo we-4K nge-iTunes-ukwenza oko kuya kufaka ingxaki enkulu kwi-network content delivery network.
Siyazi ukuba i-Apple yandisa i-CDN (iNgcaciso yokuThuthukiswa koNxibelelwano) kunye namaziko eenkcukacha ezintsha kwihlabathi lonke, kodwa umngeni awukho nje iindleko zokusebenzisa iinkonzo zamanqaku, kodwa iindleko ezongezelelweyo zokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kokuqukethwe okuphezulu kunye nomgangatho wenkonzo umxholo wokuhanjiswa ngababoneleli ngeenkonzo ezininzi.
Unxibelelwano lwe-broadband lenye inselele. Bonke ababoneleli benkonzo ye-broadband abaphumezisi ukusebenzisa ii-caps, kodwa abo benza njalo banokukwenza ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuchaza abalandeli be-movie abafuna ukusasaza kwi-4K kufuneka bahlale beqonda indlela abasondela ngayo kwimida yabo yomda. Akunjalo nje kuphela, kodwa i-4K yokusakaza ifuna ubuncinane ubuncinane be-20Mbps , abasebenzisi abaninzi be-intanethi abangenawo .
Nangemva kokuba imilambo engu-4K sele ilungiswe kumthombo, baya kusasa ubuncinane amabini ukuya kweethathu ububanzi bebhanti oya kuyidinga namhlanje ukubukela ukutya kwe-HD 1080p. Izinto zitshintshelwe ukuba zitshintshe njengoko isantya sobambiswano sanda.
Uphi uMxholo?
Mhlawumbi inkulu enkulu yokunqongophala kwe-Apple TV yokuxhaswa kwe-4K kukungabikho komxholo we-4K ukuxhasa - kukho uluhlu olulungileyo apha .
Unokufumana umxholo omncinci we-4K kwi-Netflix, i-Amazon kunye ne-Sony, kunye nabasasazo abalulekileyo njengeBBC baye baqhuba iimvavanyo ezithile, kodwa kwangoku phantse zonke iifrimu ozibukeleyo zihanjiswa kwi-1,080p HD, kungeyi-4K.
Ungatsho ukuthi ngokubeka inkxaso ye-4K ngaphakathi kwe-Macs, i-iPhones, kunye ne-iPads, i-Apple isebenza ukuzalisa i-gap ye-content - ikwabonelela nge-Final Cut X ukuhlela ezi ziqeshana zokusasazwa. Iifomthi zeHhit ezifana ne-Revenue zifakwe kwi-4K, kodwa de kubekho abathengi abatshale imali kwii-TV ezihambelana ne-4K ezikhuthazayo zokudala umxholo kumgangatho oza kuhlala ulinganiselwe.
Xa abasasazo beqala ukubonelela ngomxholo we-4K ngevolumu ngaphezulu imeko iyakhula ngokukhawuleza, njengoko oku kuya kubangela abavelisi bokuqukethwe ukuba benze izinto ezi-4K. Abasasazo baqala ukunyuka kwi-standard: I-Sky e-UK yakutshanje i-movie ye-Ultra HD, ukuzonwabisa kunye nezemidlalo. Ukusebenzisa abathengi benkonzo badinga ukusetywa kwe-TV ye-4K kunye nebhokisi ye-Sky Q-top-setting, ekwazi ukuphatha umxholo we-4K. Kukho nethemba lokuba abanye abashicileli base-UK baza kuzisa ii-4K zabo iinkonzo ukufanisa i-Sky-Virgin Media nje yaqalisa ukuxoxa ngezicwangciso zayo ukwenza njalo.
Iimarike zitshintsha kwakhona. Inkampani yomzali we-ESPN, uWalt Disney, kutshanje yabika i-miliyoni ezi-7 ekuhlaleni kubhalisile phakathi kwe-Q4 2013 kunye ne-Q4 2015, ifikelela kwizigidi eziyi-92. Ukuxothwa kwabathengi kulindeleke ukuba kubone ezinye izigidi ezihlanu zishiye inkonzo yazo ekupheleni konyaka, ezinokuthi zikhuthaze uWalt Disney ukuba anikele ngesiqulatho esithengiweyo esithengiweyo ("i-Skinny Bundles").
Ngamanye amazwi, indlela izinto eziyifake ngayo kubonakala ngathi baninzi abasebenzisi be-Apple TV baya kufumana amanqwanqwa eninzi enomxholo ngaphambi kokuba uguqulelo lwe-4K luphephe.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva koko?
Awukwazi ukugxotha i-Apple. Iphulaphule abathengi bayo kwaye inkampani iyazi ukuba kukho imfuno ekhulayo ye-4K inkxaso kwimveliso yayo yeTV. Kwakhona uyazi ukuba i-Apple TV ibonakala "imbi" xa kuthelekiswa namadivayisi akhuphisanayo athembisa ukuxhaswa kwe-4K, nokuba ngaba inkxaso leyo yinto encinci (jonga ngasentla).
I-Apple icingelwa ukuba ilungiselela ukukhulisa i-push yayo kwisibonelelo sokuqulathwe kwangaphambili kunye nokubonelela uluhlu lwamaqhosha "e-skinny" omxholo. Oku kugxininiswe kumxholo kuthetha ukuba inkampani ingasifumana ngokukhawuleza ukubeka inkxaso ngenkxaso ye-4K, ngokuxhomekeke kwinkxaso yoshishino, inkxaso yenkxaso, kunye ne-crucially-speedbandband speed.
Asinakuqiniseka ukuba i-Apple iya kukhwela ukuxhasa i-4K kwi-Apple TV. I-Bloomberg icacise ukuba umgangatho ungabona inkxaso eqaliswe kumzekelo omtsha we-Apple TV, kodwa ezo ngxaki ezinkulu zifanele zixazululwe ngaphambi kokuba oku kunokwenenehluko kumakhasimende. Nangona kunjalo, kuyaxeka ukuba xa i-Apple ikhupha kwi-4K ingakhokelela ukuqhuma kwemfuno yezinto ezine-4K kunye nabamkeli bamabonwakude abane-4K.