Iinkcukacha zolwazi zidibeneyo zenzelwe ngokuthembeka kunye nokuvumelana ngokusemgangathweni. Iinjineli eziziphakamisile zijolise kumzekelo wokuthengisa oqinisekisa ukuba imigaqo emine ye- ACID model iya kuhlala igcinwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukufika kwesimo esitsha esingasetyenzisiweyo se-database siphendule i-ACID entloko. Imodeli yeenkcukacha zeNoSQL igxininisa imodeli yobudlelwane obunzulu ngokufanelekileyo kwindlela yokwenza i-flexible / value value store. Indlela ephuculweyo yedatha idinga enye indlela kumzekelo we-ACID: umzekelo weBASE.
Izisisiseko ezisisiseko ze-ACID Model
Kukho izifundo ezine ezisisiseko zomzekelo we-ACID:
I- atomicity of transactions iqinisekisa ukuba ukuthengiselana kwedatha nganye iyunithi enye eyamukela "konke okanye akukho" indlela yokusebenza. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na ingxelo kwi-transaction ehlulekayo, yonke intsebenziswano ibuyiselwe kwakhona.
Iinkcukacha zolwazi zidibeneyo ziqinisekisa ukuba ukuhambelana kwenkqubo nganye kunye nemithetho yeshishini yeenkcukacha. Ukuba nayiphi na into ye-atomic transaction iya kuphazamisa ukuhambelana kweenkcukacha, yonke into yokuthengisa ayiphumeleli.
Injini yedatha ikhuthaza ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwezinto ezininzi ezenzekayo okanye ezikufutshane ngexesha elifanayo. Intsebenziswano nganye iyenzeka ngaphambi okanye emva kwayo yonke into yokuthengiselana kunye nembono yesiseko sedatha ekuboneni ekuqaleni kwayo iguqulelwe yintengiselwano ngokwazo ngaphambi kokupheliswa kwayo. Akukho mveliso kufuneka ibone imveliso ephakathi komnye umthengi.
Umgaqo wokugqibela we-ACID, ukuzinza , uqinisekisa ukuba xa kuthengiswa ukuthengiselana kwiziko ledatha, kugcinwa ngokusisigxina ngokusebenzisa i-backups kunye ne-log loggs. Xa kwenzeka ukungaphumeleli, ezi ndlela zingasetyenziselwa ukubuyisela ukuthengiswa okwenziweyo.
Imigaqo engundoqo yeBASE
I-NoSQL yolwazi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iyavuma imimiselo apho umzekelo we-ACID uphawuleza okanye ngaba, ngokwenene, ungayinqanda ukusebenza kwedata. Esikhundleni salo, i-NoSQL incike kwi-model eyaziwayo, ngokufanelekileyo, njengemodeli ye-BASE. Lo mzekelo uhambelana nokuguquguquka okunikezelwa yi-NoSQL kunye neendlela ezifanayo zolawulo kunye nokulungiswa kweedatha ezingaqinisekanga. BASE ineemigaqo emithathu:
Ukufumaneka ngokusisiseko . Indlela ye-database ye-NoSQL igxininisekisa ukufumaneka kwedatha ngisho nokuba kukho ukungaphumeleli ezininzi. Ifezekisa ngoku ngokusebenzisa indlela ephakamileyo kakhulu yokuphathwa kwedatha. Esikhundleni sokugcina enye ivenkile enkulu yokugcina idatha kunye nokugxininisa ukunyamezela kweso sitolo, i-NoSQL yolwazi isasaza idatha kwiinkqubo ezininzi zokugcina eziphezulu. Kwimeko engalindelekanga ukuba ukuphazamiseka kukuphazamisa ukufikelela kwinqanaba leenkcukacha, oku akubangakho ukuphuma kwinqanaba lokugcina i-database.
State Soft . BASE yolwazi luyekezela iimfuno ezihambelanayo ze-ACID imodeli kakhulu. Enye yeengcamango ezisisiseko emva kwe-BASE kukuba ukuhambelana kwedatha yinkxalaphu yonjiniyela kwaye akufanele ilandelwe ngedatha.
Ukubambisana ngokuqhubekayo . Imfuno yodwa yokuba i-NoSQL yolwazi ngokubhekiselele ekuhambelaneni kukufuna ukuba ngexesha elizayo, idatha iya kuguqulwa kwiimeko ezimileyo. Akukho ziqinisekiso ezenziwe, nangona kunjalo, malunga nokuba kuya kwenzeka nini. Oko kuhamba ngokupheleleyo kwiimfuneko ezihambelanayo ze-ACID ezithintela ukuthengiswa komsebenzi ukususela kwintsebenziswano yangaphambi kokugqitywa kwaye i-database iguqulelwe kwimeko ehambelana nayo.
Imodeli ye-BASE ayifanelekanga kuyo yonke imeko, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo yindlela eguquguqukayo kwi-ACID imodeli yeenkcukacha ezingadingi ukuthobela ngokungqongqo kwimodeli yobudlelwano.