Yintoni iNanometer?

Isicatshulwa: Amashishini amancinci kakhulu ayisebenzisa

I-nanometer (nm) iyunithi yobude kwi-metric system, elilingana ne- bhiliyoni enye yemitha (1 x 10-9 m). Abaninzi baye bakuva oko ngaphambili-kudla rhoqo kunye ne-nanotechnology kunye nokudala okanye ukufunda izinto ezincinci. I-nanometer ngokucacileyo incinci kuneemitha, kodwa unokuba uzibuza ukuba uncinane kangakanani? Okanye, zeziphi iintlobo zobugcisa okanye iimveliso zehlabathi zangempela zisebenza kule nani nanoscopic?

Okanye, indlela ehambelana ngayo namanye amanani emitha ebudeni?

Indlela encinci ngayo iNanometer?

Imilinganiselo yamatrikhi isekelwe kumitha. Hlola nayiphi na umlawuli okanye itekisi, kwaye ubona amanani amanqaku amamitha, amentimitha kunye nama-millimeters. Ngepensile yomatshini kunye nesandla esomeleleyo, akunzima ukudweba imigca enye i-millimeter ngaphandle. Ngoku khawucinge uzame ukulinganisa iimilo ezigidi ezifanayo kwi- millimeter- leyo yi-nanometer. Ukwenza loo migca iya kufuna impawu ezizodwa ukususela:

• I- nanometer (nm) incinci kune-..

• i-micrometer (μm), encinci kune-..

• i-millimeter (mm), incinci kune-..

• isentimitha (cm), encinci kune-..

• i-decimeter (dm), encinci kune-..

• imitha (m)

Ngaphandle koncediso lwaluphi na izixhobo (umz. Ukuphakamisa iiglasi, i-microscopes), iliso lomntu eliqhelekileyo (umz. Umbono oqhelekileyo) uyakwazi ukubona izinto ezimalunga namakhulu amabini we-millimeter ububanzi, obulingana nama-micrometer angama-20.

Ukuze unike ubungakanani bama-micrometer angama-20 umxholo othile, khangela ukuba unokwazi ukuchonga enye ikotoni / i-acrylic fiber ephuma kwi-sweater (ibambelele phezulu kumthombo wokukhanya uyakunceda kakhulu) okanye ifantse emoyeni njengothuli. Okanye uhlambe isanti esilungileyo entendeni yesandla sakho ukuze ufumane encinci, engabonakaliyo.

Ukuba ezo zinto zinzima ukuzenza, jonga iinwele zomntu kunoko, ezivela kwi-micrometer ezili-18 (ezihle kakhulu) ukuya kuma-micrometer angu-180 (kakhulu kakhulu) ububanzi.

Yaye yonke into enomgangatho we-micrometer - izinto ze-nanometer ezilinganiselwe ngamawaka ambalwa!

IAtom kunye neeseli

I-nanoscale ngokubanzi ibandakanya ubukhulu phakathi kwee-nanometers ezili-100, eziquka yonke into ukusuka kuma-athomu ukuya kumanqanaba eselula. Iintsholongwane zivela kuma-nanamitha angama-50 no-200 ngobukhulu. Ubungakanani obuphakathi kwembumba yesellu luphakathi kwama-nanometers angama-6 kunye nee-nanometer ezili-10. I-helix ye-DNA i-nanometer engama-2 ububanzi, kwaye i-nanotubes ye-carbon ayifumana ibe yincinci njenge-nanometer eyi-1 ububanzi.

Ngenxa yokuba le mizekelo, kulula ukuqonda ukuba ifuna izixhobo ezinamandla kunye nezixhobo ezichanekileyo (umz. Ukukhangela ama-microscopes) ukusebenzisana (oko kukuthi umfanekiso, umlinganiselo, imodeli, ukusetyenziswa, nokuvelisa) izinto kwizinga le-nanoscopic. Kwaye kukho abantu abenza oku kwansuku zonke kwimimandla enjenge:

• Khemistry

• Biology

• YeFizikiki

• Izinto zeNzululwazi

• Zobunjineli

• Te knoloji

Kukho imizekelo emininzi yemveliso yanamhlanje eyenziwe kwisikali se-nanometer. Amanye amayeza amancinci aklanyelwe ukuba akwazi ukuhambisa iziyobisi kwiiseli ezithile. Amakhemikhali anamhlanje akhiwa yinkqubo eyenza iamolekyu ngokuchaneka kwe-nanometer.

I-nanotubes yeCarbon isetyenziselwa ukuphucula iipropati zamatriki kunye nezombane zeemveliso. I-smartphone ye-Samsung Galaxy S8 kunye ne- Apple iPad Pro ipilisi (yesibini-gen) bobabini abaprojekthi abacwangciswe kwi-10 nm.

Ixesha elizayo linokugcinwa ngaphezulu kwezesayensi ze-nanometer zesistim nezobuchwepheshe. Nangona kunjalo, i-nanometer ayikho imilinganiselo encinane kakhulu! Hlola itafile engezantsi ukuze ubone indlela ekuthelekiswa ngayo.

Itheyibhile yamaTriki