Uva ilizwi lonke ixesha kodwa ngokukodwa: Kuthetha ukuthini?
Xa kuziwa kwi teknoloji kunye nekhompyutha, iqonga likhonza njengesiseko esisisiseko sophuhliso nenkxaso yehardware kunye nesofthiwe.
Yonke into edalwe phezu kwesiseko isebenza kunye kwisiseko esifanayo. Ngaloo ndlela, iqonga ngalinye linemiqathango yalo yemithetho, imigangatho, kunye nemingcipheko eyala ukuba yeyiphi i-hardware / isofthiwe engakhiwa kunye nendlela ngamnye kufuneka asebenze ngayo.
Iipulatifomu zeHalaththi zingabakho:
- Iinkqubo zonke
- Umntu ngamnye
- Interfaces
Ngokubhekiselele kwiipulatifomu ze-hardware, iiplatifwthi zesoftware zibanzi, kodwa kulula ukuzihambelana nabasebenzisi. Kunengqiqo, ngenxa yokuba sisebenzisana ngokuqhelekileyo ngeesofthiwe / iinkonzo, nangona i-hardware (umz. Iigundane, ii-keyboards, i-monitor, i-screencreens) ikunceda ibhulogi. Iipolatifti zeSofthiwe ziwela phantsi kweendidi eziqhelekileyo ze:
- Software software
- Software software
INkqubo zoNyaka
Iipulatifomu ze-Hardware zingaba ziinkqubo ezipheleleyo (oko kukuthi iikhompyutha zixhobo) ezifana neefowuni, izixhobo zokusebenza, ii-desktops, ii-laptops, iipilisi, ii-smartphones kunye nokunye. Ngalunye lwezi zimela ipulatifti yehardware kuba elowo unesimo salo, lusebenza ngokuzimela kwezinye iisistim, kwaye luyakwazi ukubonelela ngezixhobo okanye iinkonzo (umzekelo, ukusebenzisa iprogram / iinkqubo zokusebenza, ukuxhuma kumadivayisi / intanethi, njl) kubasebenzisi, ngakumbi ayilindele ukuba uyilo lokuqala.
Iimpawu eziMntu ngamnye
Izixhobo zomntu ngamnye, njenge- unit central processing unit (CPU) zeekhomputha, nazo ziqwalaselwa njengamaqonga e-hardware. Ii-CPU (umzekelo, i-Intel Core, i-ARM Cortex, i-AMD APU) inezakhiwo zobugcisa ezicacileyo eziqulunqa ukusebenza, ukuxhumana kunye nokusebenzisana namanye amacandelo enza inkqubo yonke. Ngokomzekelo, cinga i-CPU njengesiseko esisekela i-motherboard, imemori, i-disk drive, amakhadi okwandisa, iiperipherals kunye ne-software. Ezinye izixhobo zinakho okanye zingenakutshintshana kunye, ngokuxhomekeka kwifom, ifomu kunye nokuhambelana.
Interfaces
I-Interfaces, efana ne- PCI Express , i- Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) , okanye i-ISA yokwandisa i-slots, ziziqonga zokuphuhlisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamakhadi ezongeziweyo / ukwandisa. Iinkcukacha ezahlukeneyo zefom ebhaliweyo ziyimpawu eziqhelekileyo, ngoko, umzekelo, akunakwenzeka ukufaka ikhadi lePCI Express kwi-AGP okanye kwi-ISA slot - khumbula ukuba iiplatifti zibeka imithetho kunye nemingcele. Ikhonkco-mboleko inika kwakhona unxibelelwano, inkxaso, kunye nezibonelelo kwikhadi lokunyusa eliqhotyoshelweyo. Imizekelo yamakhadi okwandisa asebenzisa ezo mpahla ziyi: imifanekiso yevidiyo, izandi / izandi, ii-adapters, ii-USB, ii-serial ATA (SATA), kunye nokunye.
Software Software
Iprojekti yenkqubo yinto elawula ikhompyutheni ngokufezekisa iinkqubo zangexeshana ngexesha lolawulo / ukulungelelanisa izixhobo ezininzi ze-hardware ngokubambisana nesofthiwe yesicelo. Imimandla engcono yesofthiwe yesistimu yinkqubo yokusebenza , efana (kodwa ingaphelelwanga) Windows, MacOS, Linux, Android, iOS, ne-Chrome OS.
Inkqubo yokusebenza isebenza njengeqonga ngokubonelela ngendawo exhasa ukusebenzisana komsebenzisi ngokusebenzisa i-interfaces (umz., I-mouse, ikhibhodi, umshicileli, njl.), Ukunxibelelana nezinye iistim (umz. Inethiwekhi, i-Wi-Fi, i-Bluetooth, njl), kwaye software yesicelo.
Software Software
Iprojekti yesicelo iquka zonke iinkqubo ezenzelwe ukufezekisa imisebenzi ethile kwiikhomputha - ezininzi azibheki njengamaqonga. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zesofthiwe yesicelo esingekho yiplatifti yilezi: iinkqubo zokuhlela umfanekiso, iiprosoftware, iipredishithi, abadlali bomculo, ukuthumela imiyalezo / ukuxoxa, iinkonzo zeendaba zoluntu, kunye nokunye.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho iindidi zesofthiwe yesicelo ekwayiziqonga . Isitshixo kukuba ingaba isofthiwe esicatshulwayo isebenza njengenkxaso yento ekwakhiwe kuyo. Ezinye imizekelo yesofthiwe yesicelo njengamaqonga:
- Iiphequluli zewebhu (isib. I-Chrome, i-Safari, i-Intanethi Explorer) ziziqonga zezinye iifayile zesofthiwe, ezifana neeplank-ins-plug-inssions okanye izandiso.
- Iziza zoononophelo zoluntu , ezifana ne-Facebook, zikhonza njengamaqonga xa zixhasa izicelo zangaphandle, izixhobo, kunye / okanye iinkonzo ezisebenzisana nezixhobo ezisemgangathweni zesayithi. Oku kusebenza kuzo zombini iwebhusayithi kunye ne-app ye-app ye-version.
- Iimidlalo zevidiyo ezisekela iimodeli (ngokusebenzisa umhleli wegeyimu) nazo ziqwalaselwa njengamaqonga. Iimodyu zeemidlalo zevidiyo zisebenzisa injini yemidlalo yekhompyutha ekhoyo njengokuba isiseko sokudala imephu / imilinganiselo eyenziwe ngumsebenzisi, abalinganiswa, izinto, okanye yonke umdlalo omeleyo.
IiVolonti zeMidlalo
Iingqungquthela zemidlalo yevidiyo ziyimifanekiso emihle yeekhompyutha kunye nesofthiwe edibanisene ndawonye njengeqonga. Uhlobo ngalunye lwekhonsole lusebenza njengesiseko esisekela ilayibrari yayo yemidlalo ngokwenyama (umz. I-Nintendo cartridge engqalileyo ayifaniyo naziphi na iinguqulelo zeNintendo zokudlala imidlalo) (umzekelo, nangona zombini ifom ye disk, umdlalo we-Sony PS3 uya asebenze kwinkqubo ye-Sony PS4 ngenxa yeselwimi / ulwimi lwenkqubo).