Indlela idatha yakho igcinwa ngayo ngasese kwiwebhu
Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, imigaqo efana nokugqitywa kokuphela kokuphela kwayo iya kuba yimizi kuphela kwaye ayiyi kuba ngolwimi lwabantu abalalayo. Uninzi lwethu aluyikukhathazeka ukufuna ukwazi ngeyo kwaye uyifunayo kwi-intanethi. Namhlanje, ukubethela ukuphela kokugqibela kukuyingxenye yobomi bakho bedijithali bemihla ngemihla. Ngokwenene kuyona ndlela yokhuseleko olukhuselekileyo olukhusela idatha yakho ekhuselekileyo kunye nebucala, njengembolo yekhadi lesikweletu ngexesha lokuthengiselana, okanye umnxeba wakho owenziwe ngefowuni.
Ngoku kukho uxhalabhiso lwehlabathi malunga noluntu lwabucala luye lwahlaselwa, abahlaseli bekhenkcela kwiindawo zonke, noorhulumente bazama ukuthetha ngokubambisana nabemi be-intanethi, ii-intanethi, i-VoIP kunye neenkqubo zokuthumela imiyalezo ngokukhawuleza zibonisa ukugqitywa kwe-end-to-end encryption. Kwaba yintetho eqhelekileyo xa i- Whatsapp ifikelele kubasebenzisi abangaphezu kwezigidigidi; emva kokulandelwa ziintlobo ezifana neTreema kunye neTelegram, phakathi kwabanye. Kule nqaku, siza kubona ukubethelwa kokuphela kokuphela kokubhala, ukuba kusebenza njani kwimigqaliselo elula kwaye kwenzeni kuwe.
Ukubhalwa kweNkcazo echazwe
Ngaphambi kokufika kwinqanaba 'lokuphela kokuphela,' masiqale sibone okokubethela okudala. Umzabalazo wokukhuseleko kwedatha kunye nobumfihlo kwi-intanethi yimfazwe elwa kumida amaninzi, kodwa ekugqibeleni, iya kubetha apha: nanini na ukuthumela idatha yangasese kwenye ikhompyutha okanye iseva kwi-intanethi, owenza amaxesha amaninzi ngosuku , unjengomama obomvu okhweleyo umthumelela kumakhulu wakhe ngaphesheya kweemithi. Le mihlathi, ekufuneka iwele yodwa ngaphandle kokuzikhusela, inezimpisi kunye nezinye izingozi ezibi kakhulu kunengcuka yebali lexesha lokulala.
Emva kokuba uthumele iipakethi zedatha yefowuni yakho, ingxoxo, i-imeyile okanye inombolo yekhadi yekhredithi kwi-intanethi ye-intanethi, awukwazi ukulawula ukuba ngubani obeka izandla phezu kwabo. Le yintlobo ye-intanethi. Yilokho eyenza izinto ezininzi zigijima kuzo mahhala, kuquka i- Voice over IP , ekunika iifowuni zamahhala. Idatha yakho kunye neepakethi zezwi zidlulela kwiinkonzo ezininzi ezingaziwa, ii-routers, kunye nezixhobo apho kukho nayiphi na i-hacker, umzalwana omkhulu okanye i-arhente yeburhulumenteni enobudlelwane. Unokukhusela njani idatha yakho? Faka ukubethela, ukusetyenziswa kokugqibela.
Ukubhaliweyo kubandakanya ukuguqula idatha yakho kwifom echongiwe kangangokuthi akunakwenzeka ukuba nayiphi na inxaxheba iyithintele ukuyifunda, ukuyiqonda nokuyenza nayiphi na ingqiqo, ngaphandle kommkeli kuye. Xa sifika kulo mlamkeli ofanelekileyo, idata echongiweyo ishintshelwe kwifomu yayo yasekuqaleni kwaye ifundeka ngokucacileyo kwaye iyaqondakala kwakhona. Le nkqubo yokugqibela ibizwa ngokuba yi-decryption.
Masizalise i-glossary. Idatha engafihliweyo ibizwa ngokuba ngumbhalo ocacileyo; Idatha yokubhaliweyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-cyphertext; indlela yokwenza ikhompyutheni okanye iresiphi eqhuba kwi-data ukuyibethela ibizwa ngokuba yi-encryption algorithm - isofthiwe esisebenza kwidatha ukuyijikisa. Ukhiye wokubhaliweyo isetyenzisiweyo kunye ne-algorithm ukukhwabanisa isikhalazo esinokuthi isitshixo sokunene sidinga kunye ne-algorithm ukuchithwa kwedatha. Ngaloo ndlela, kuphela iqela elithatha isitshixo linokufikelela kwi-data yasekuqaleni. Qaphela ukuba isitshixo ngumqolo omde kakhulu weenombolo ongenakukukhumbula okanye ukhathalele, njengoko isofthiwe yenza konke.
Ukubhaliweyo , okanye njengoko kwaziwa ngaphambi kwexesha ledijithali, ukubethela i-cryptography, sele isetyenziswe kwiminyaka eyiwaka ngaphambi kwexesha lethu. AmaYiputa aseMandulo ayenzela ukunyanzela ama-hieroglyphs abo ukukhusela abantu abaphantsi bezinto eziqondayo. Ukubethelwa kwamhlanje kunye nezesayensi kufikelele kwiminyaka ephakathi kunye ne-Arab mathematian Al-Kindi obhala incwadi yokuqala ngolu hlobo. Yaba yinyani enkulu kwaye yahamba phambili ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi II kunye nomshini we-Enigma kwaye yanceda kakhulu ekunqobeni amaNazi kwiimeko ezininzi.
Ngoku, umyalezo wokuqala wokuqala kunye nokubiza iifayile eziza nge-encryption yokuphela-to-end zivela eJamani, apho abantu bakhathazeke ngokukodwa malunga nobucala babo. Imizekelo yiTelegram kunye neTraema. Enyanisweni, oku kusenokuba kuqhutywe ngolu hlobo lweefowuni zaseJamani ze-Merkel zefowuni ezifakwe kwi-wiretapped yi-US. Kwakhona, uJan Koum, umsunguli we-WhatsApp, ukhankanya imvelaphi yakhe yobuntwabashi baseRashiya kunye nokuhlola kobugcisa obubandakanyeka njengenye yezinto zokuqhuba ukuzimisela ukunyanzelisa ubumfihlo ngenxa yokubhaliweyo kwi-app yakhe, okwakusasaza.
Ukubhaliweyo kweSimmetric and Asymmetric
Musa ukuthobela ingqalelo iilwimi ezinzima. Sifuna nje ukwenza umehluko phakathi kweenguqu ezimbini zeengcamango ezilula. Nantsi umzekelo ukubonisa indlela ukubethelwa kwemisebenzi kusebenza ngayo.
UTom ufuna ukuthumela umyalezo wangasese kuHarry. Umyalezo udluliselwa nge-encryption algorithm kwaye, usebenzisa isitshixo, ibhalwe ngefayile. Nangona i-algorithm ifumaneka kunoma ubani onako ukukwazi ukwenza i-geeky ngokwaneleyo, njengoDick ofuna ukwazi oko kuchazwayo, okona mfihlelo phakathi kukaTom noHarry. Ukuba u-Dick umnqwazi ulawula ukufumana umyalezo kwi-cyphertext, akayi kukwazi ukuyibuyisela kwisigidimi sokuqala ngaphandle kokuba unesitshixo, engenalo.
Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-encrypted encryption, apho ikona efanayo isetyenziselwa ukubethela kunye nokuchithwa kwamacala omabini. Oku kubangela ingxaki njengoko amaqela amabini asemthethweni kufuneka abe neyona nto, engabandakanya ukuyithumela ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye, ngaloo ndlela ibhenca ukuba iyancitshiswa. Ngoko ke ayiphumeli kuzo zonke iimeko.
Ukubhalwa kwe-Asymmetric yisisombululo. Iintlobo ezimbini zitshixo zisetyenziselwa iqela ngalinye, ukhiye omnye woluntu kunye nencoko yangasese, eyinye iqela linomxholo woluntu kunye nencoko yangasese. Izihlunu zikawonkewonke ziyafumaneka kumabini omabini, nakwabanye abantu, njengoko amaqela amabini ahlanganyela ngokwabelana ngezihlomelo zabo zoluntu phambi kokunxibelelana. UTom usetyenziswa ukhiye wesiqhelo sikaHarry ukubethela umyalezo, okwangoku ungabonakaliswa kuphela usebenzisa oku (i-Harry's) ukhiye woluntu kunye nencoko yangasese yaseHarry.
Le ngundoqo eyimfihlo iyatholakala kuphela kuHarry kwaye kungabikho mntu, kungekhona kuTom umthumeli. Le ngundoqo yinto enye eyenza kungenakwenzeka nakweyiphi na iqela ukuba lichithwe umyalezo ngenxa yokuba akukho mfuneko yokuthumela ukhiye wangasese.
Ukugqitywa kweNkcazo ekugqibeleni
Umsebenzi wokugqibela wokugqibela usebenza njengoko kuchaziwe ngasentla, kwaye kuphunyezwa kwe-encrypted asymmetric. Njengoko igama libhekisela, ukubethela ukuphela kokugqibela kukukhusela idatha njengokuba ingafundwa kuphela kwiziphelo ezimbini, ngomthumeli, nangommkeli. Akukho mntu unokufunda idatha ye-encrypted, kubandakanywa abahlaseli, oorhulumente, kunye neseva apho idatha idlula khona.
Ukubethela ukuphela kokuphela kukuthetha izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. Cinga abasebenzisi be-WhatsApp ababini bathetha ngokuthumela imiyalezo ngokukhawuleza okanye ukubiza nge-Intanethi. Idatha yabo idlula kwi-WhatsApp iseva ngelixa isuka kwenye yomsebenzisi ukuya kwenye. Kwezinye iinkonzo ezininzi ezinikezela nge-encryption, idatha ibhalwe ngekhowudi ngexesha lokudluliswa kodwa ikhuselwe kuphela ngaphandle kwabangenayo abafana nabahlaseli. Inkonzo inokuyithintela idatha kumaseva abo kwaye isebenzise. Bangakwazi ukunikela idatha kwiqela lesithathu okanye kumagunya okuthotyelwa komthetho. Ukubethela ukuphela kokuphela kukugcina idatha idityanisiwe, ngaphandle kokunye ukukhangela, nokuba kwiseva nakwezinye iindawo. Ngaloo ndlela, nokuba ngaba bafuna, inkonzo ayikwazi ukuyithatha kwaye yenza nantoni na idatha. Amagunya okunyanzeliswa komthetho kunye noorhulumente baninzi phakathi kwabo abangenako ukufikelela kwiinkcukacha, nangaphandle kokugunyazwa. Ngokwemfundiso, akukho namnye onako, ngaphandle kwale mibutho kwiiphelo ezimbini.
Indlela yokusebenzisa ukubethela ukuphela kokuphela
Ngokuqinisekileyo awusebenzisi ngokugqibeleleyo ukuphela kokuphela kwaye akukho nto enokuyenza ukuze uyibeke ukusebenza. Iinkonzo zangasemva, isofthiwe kunye neendlela zokukhusela i-web ziyakunyamekela.
Ngokomzekelo, isiphequluli ekufundayo oku kuxhotyiswe ngamathuluzi okubhala okuphela kokuphela, kwaye ziya kusebenza xa uzibandakanya kumsebenzi we-intanethi ofuna ukugcina idatha yakho ngexesha lokudlulisa. Khawucinge ngoko kwenzeka ntoni xa uthengela into ethile usebenzisa i-credit card yakho. Ikhompyuter yakho idinga ukuthumela inombolo yekhadi lesikweletu kumthengisi ngaphesheya kwehlabathi. Ukubethela ukuphela kokugqibela kukuqinisekisa ukuba kuphela wena kunye nekhompyutheni okanye inkonzo ye-arhwete yomninimzi onokufikelela kwinombolo efihliweyo.
I-Layer Socket Layer (SSL), okanye inguqulelo yayo yokugqibela yeThutho yoThutho (TLS), ngumgangatho wokubethela kwiwebhu. Xa ufaka isayithi ebonisa ukubethela i-encryption yakho yedatha - ngokuqhelekileyo ziyiziza eziphatha ulwazi lwakho lwangasese njengeenkcukacha zomntu, iiphasiwedi, iinombolo zekhadi lesikweletu njl. - kukho imiqondiso ebonisa ukhuseleko nokhuseleko.
Kwi-bar yekheli, i-URL iqala nge- https: // esikhundleni se- http : // , ukuma okongezelelweyo ukukhuseleka . Uya kubona kwakhona indawo ethile kwiphepha nge logo ye Symantec (umnini weTLS) kunye ne-TLS. Lo mfanekiso, xa ucofa, uvula i-pop-up ukuqinisekisa ubungqina besayithi. Iinkampani ezinjengeSyantec zinika izatifikethi zedijithali kwiiwebhusayithi zokubhaliweyo.
Amakholi wezwi kunye namanye amaphephandaba aya kukhuselwa ngokusebenzisa ukubethela kokuphela kokuphela kunye neenkonzo ezininzi kunye neenkonzo. Uncedwa kubucala bokubhaliweyo ngokusebenzisa ezi zixhobo zonxibelelwano.
Inkcazo engenhla ye-encryption ekugqibeleni-ekupheleni ilula kwaye ibonisa ngokucacileyo umgaqo-siseko, kodwa ngokusebenza, kunzima kakhulu kunokuba. Kukho imilinganiselo emininzi ngaphandle kwe-encryption, kodwa ngokwenene awufuni ukungena ngokujulile.
Kungcono ufune ukucinga ngombuzo ngokuqinisekileyo engqondweni yakho ngoku: ngaba ndifuna ukubethela? Ewe, kungekho rhoqo, kodwa ewe uyenzayo. Mhlawumbi sifuna ukubhalwa ngeenkcukacha ngokungaphantsi kwexesha. Kuxhomekeke kwizinto ozithumelayo ekunxibelelaneni kwakho. Ukuba unayo izinto zokufihla, uya kuba nobulelo bokufumaneka kwe-encryption yokugqibela.
Abaninzi abakufumani kubalulekile kwi-WhatsApp kunye nezinye ii-IM zokusebenza, kwaye ziquka kuphela iingxoxo kunye nabahlobo kunye nosapho. Ngubani na onokunyamekela ukuyihlola xa kukho ezinye iibhiliyoni abantu bethetha? Nangona kunjalo, sonke siyawafuna xa senza ibhanki okanye i-e-trade transactions online. Kodwa ke, uyazi, awukwazi ukukhetha. Ukubethela kwenzeka ngaphandle kokuba uyazi, kwaye abaninzi abantu abazi kwaye abanandaba xa idatha yabo ibhalwa.