I-WAN Inkcazo kunye nenkcazo malunga nendlela i-WANs isebenza ngayo
Inethiwekhi ye-WAN (inethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke) yintanethi yonxibelelwano ebonisa indawo enkulu yeendawo ezifana nezixeko, amazwe okanye amazwe. Baya kuba bucala ukuxhuma iinxalenye zebhizinisi okanye banokuthi baninzi baninzi ukuxhuma amanethiwekhi amancinci kunye.
Indlela elula ukuqonda oko iWAN ukucinga nge-intanethi ngokubanzi, eyona iWAN enkulu yehlabathi. I-intanethi yi-WAN ngenxa yokuba, ngokusebenzisa ukusetyenziswa kwe- ISPs , idibanisa amaninzi amanethiwekhi amaninzi angingqi (ii-LANs) okanye amanethiwekhi ommandla we-metro (MANs).
Kwinqanaba elincinci, ishishini linokuba ne-WAN equlethwe ngeenkonzo zefu, ikomkhulu layo, nakwiiofisi zesebe ezincinci. I-WAN, kulo mzekelo, iya kusetyenziswa ukuxhuma zonke ezo candelo zeshishini kunye.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba i-WAN ihlangene kunye nokuba ingaba kude kangakanani amanxibelelwano, umphumo wokugqibela uhlose ukuvumela amanethiwekhi amaninzi ahlukeneyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ukuba axubane nabanye.
Qaphela: Ngezinye izihlandlo iWAN isetyenzisiwe ukuchaza inethiwekhi yomnxeba ongenazintambo, nangona isona siqhoqhelwa njenge- WLAN .
Indlela i-WANs idibene ngayo
Ekubeni i-WANs, ngentcazo, ihlanganisa umgama omkhulu kunama-LANs, kuyaqondakala ukudibanisa iindawo ezahlukeneyo ze-WAN usebenzisa inethiwekhi yecala yangasese (VPN) . Oku kunika uxhulumaniso olukhuselekileyo phakathi kweziza, okuyimfuneko enikezelwa ukuba ukudluliselwa kwedatha kwenzeka kwi-intanethi.
Nangona ii-VPN zibonelela ngamanqanaba afanelekileyo okhuseleko kwimisebenzi yezoshishino, uxhulumaniso lwe-intanethi luhlala lubonelela ngamanqanaba okusebenza aqikelelweyo ukuba unxibelelwano olunikeziweyo lwe-WAN luyakwazi. Yingakho iifayili zefiber optic zidlalwa ngamanye amaxesha ukuququzelela ukunxibelelana phakathi kwee-WAN.
X.25, I-Frame Relay kunye nee-MPLS
Ukususela ngee-1970, ii-WAN ezininzi zazakhiwa ngokusebenzisa umgangatho we-teknoloji obizwa ngokuba ngu- X.25 . Ezi ntlobo zonxibelelwano zisekela izitshini ezitshintshayo zokuthengisa, iinkqubo zokuthengiswa kwekhadi lokuthenga ngetyala, kunye nezinye iinkonzo zokuqala ze-intanethi ezifana neCompuServe. Ama-X.25 amaninzi asetyenziswe usebenzisa i-56 Kbps zokudibanisa imodem yokudibanisa.
Ikhwekhnoloji yokubuyiswa kwesakhelo yenziwe ukuba kube lula iiprotokholi ze-X.25 kwaye inike isisombululo esincinci esincinci kwiinkalo ezibanzi zendawo ezifunekayo ukuqhuba ngokukhawuleza. I-Frame Relay yaba yinto ekhethekileyo yokukhetha iinkampani zonxibelelwano e-United States ngexesha lama-1990, ngokukodwa i-AT & T.
I-Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) yakhiwe ukuze ithathe indawo yeReflay Relay ngokuphucula inkxaso yeprotocol yokusingatha i-voice kunye nevidiyo ye-traffic ngaphezu kwendlela yedatha evamile. Impawu yeNkonzo (IiQoS) ze-MPLS yinto ebalulekileyo kwimpumelelo yayo. Okubizwa ngokuba "ukudlala kathathu" iinkonzo zenethwekhi ezakhiwe kwi-MPLS zandisiwe ekuthandeni ngexesha lama-2000 kwaye ekugqibeleni zatshintshwa iReflay Relay.
Ukuqeshiswa kweeLines kunye neMetro Ethernet
Amashishini amaninzi aqalisa ukusebenzisa i-WANs eqeshwe ngokukodwa phakathi ne-1990 njengoko i-intanethi kunye ne-intanethi zaqhutyelwa ekuthandeni. Iimpawu ze-T1 kunye ne-T3 zisoloko zisetyenziselwa ukuxhasa i-MPLS okanye intengiso ye-VPN.
Umgama omde, iinqununu ze-Ethernet kunye neenqaku zingasetyenziselwa ukwakha amanethiwekhi amaninzi ahlukeneyo. Nangona ixabiso elibi kakhulu kunezithuthi ze-intanethi ze-VPNs okanye i-MPLS, ii-WAN ezizimeleyo ze-Ethernet zenza umsebenzi ophezulu kakhulu, kunye nezikhonkco ezivakalayo kwi-1 Gbps ngokuthelekiswa nama-45 Mbps we-T1 yendabuko.
Ukuba i-WAN idibanisa ezimbini okanye ezininzi iintlobo zoqhagamshelwano ezinjengokusebenzisa ii-MPLS iisekisi kunye nemigca ye-T3, ingaqwalaselwa njenge- hybrid WAN . Ezi zincedo ukuba umbutho ufuna ukubonelela ngendlela efanelekileyo yokuxhuma amasebe awo kunye kunye nendlela yokukhawuleza idatha ebalulekileyo xa ifunekayo.
Iingxaki ngeNdawo eziNinzi zeNethiwekhi
Intanethi ze-WAN zibiza kakhulu kunee- intanethi zasekhaya okanye ze- intanethi .
Ii-WANs eziwela umhlaba wonke kunye neminye imingcele yomhlaba ziphantsi kolawulo lwezomthetho ezahlukeneyo. Iingxabano zinokuvela phakathi koorhulumente ngamalungelo obunini kunye nezithintelo zokusetyenziswa kwenethiwekhi.
I-WAN zehlabathi zifuna ukusetyenziswa kwezicwangciso zechungechunge lwe-undersea zokunxibelelana kuwo onke amazwekazi. Iimbambo ezingaphantsi kwee-undersea zixhomekeke kwi-sabotage kunye nekhefu elingenasenzo kwiinqanawa kunye neemeko zemozulu. Ukuqhathaniswa namanqaku angaphantsi komhlaba, iintambo ze-undersea zihlala zithatha ixesha elide kwaye zibiza iindleko ezingaphezulu ukulungisa.