Kutheni i-smartphone yakho ifana ne-R2-D2 kune-Terminator
Mfutshane ukufumana ingqiqo yolwazi, i-A iyinzululwazi yokudala iinkqubo zeekhompyutheni ezichanekileyo kunye noomatshini ekuzame ukulinganisa amanqanaba abantu.
Ingqiqo yobuchule (okwangoku kubhaliwe njenge-AI kweli nqaku) kunye nekhompyutheni ayixhunyekanga kwaye ingaba awuyiqondi, i-AI idlala indima enkulu ebomini bethu bemihla ngemihla. Ngokwenene, kungaphantsi kwe-HAL 9000 kunye ne- iPhone X ngaphezulu. Nantsi ingqungqutshane emfutshane apho i-AI ivela khona, apho namhlanje, nalapho ihamba khona kwikamva.
Imbali Yengqondo Yengqondo
Ukususela ekunteni kwekhompyutha kule minyaka ye-20 leminyaka, i-AI ibe yintloko yeengqondo kwiingcali ezininzi zekhompyutha; ukuqeqeshwa kwacaciswa kwaye kwenziwa ngokusemthethweni kwiKholeji yaseDartmouth ngowe-1956. Ngokukhawuleza emva koko, imboni yabona ingxowankulu yezimali kwaye yabonakala ngathi ingqiqo yoluntu isisiseko.
Ama-AI okuqala ayenomsebenzi wokuxazulula ukukhangela, ukuthetha ngezivakalisi ezilula, kunye neendlela zokuhamba ngeerobhothi.
Nangona kunjalo emva kweminyaka engama-20, isithembiso se-intelligence esiseduze-sabantu sasingakafiki. Amandla akwikhompyutheni amancinci enza imisebenzi emininzi engaxakaliyo kwaye njengoko inkxaso yoluntu yaqala ukuxhamla, ngokunjalo ke inkxaso-mali. Okona kubaluleke kukuba, abaphandi babethetha ngokuthembisa kwaye banokuzithengiswa, okuye kwacima abatyalo-mali.
I-boom yesibili kwi-'80s yabona ukunyuka kweekhompyutheni ezingenza izigqibo ngokusekelwe kwiisethi zeengxaki eziphambili. Kwaye kunjalo le AI yayisisidenge. Bangekho izicelo ezifanelekileyo, ngoko ke le shishini lathi lahlwaywa emva kweminyaka embalwa kamva.
Emva koko, iklasi elitsha lobunengqiqo lobuqhetseba laqala ukuvela: Ukufunda umatshini, apho iikhomputha zifunda kwaye ziphucula kumava kunokuba zidinga ukuba zilungiselelwe ngokufanelekileyo umsebenzi. Ngo-1997, ngenxa yokufunda okwenziwa ngumatshini, i-supercomputer yashaya umchasi wabantu kwi-chess okokuqala kunye neminyaka eyi-14 emva koko, ikhompyutha egama layo linguWatson latshitshisa ababini abakhuphisana nabo kwi-Jeopardy!
Ekuqaleni kwee-2000 ukuya kutsho namhlanje uye wamanqaku aphakamileyo yamanzi okwenza ingqiqo. Ezinye iissetyenzisi zeengcaphephe zengqondo ziye zazala, kubandakanya ukuchithwa kwedatha , amanethiwekhi kunye nemfundo enzulu. Ngeekhompyutha ezinokukhawuleza ezinokukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi enzima, i-AI ibone ukuhlaziywa okukhulu kwaye ibe yinto ebalulekileyo yobomi bemihla ngemihla, ichaphazela yonke into ukusuka kwi-drive yakho ukuya kusebenze kwikati ephathekayo owabelana ngayo kunye nomama wakho.
AI Ngoku
Namhlanje, ingqiqo yolwazi ifumane izicelo ezingenammiselo. Uphando lugxile malunga nayiphi na isicelo, kodwa iirobhothi, izithuthi ezizimeleyo, kunye needrones ziphakathi kwezona ziyaziwayo.
Imimiselo kunye neemeko ezihambelanayo nenye indawo eye yazuza kwi-computing power. Enyanisweni, ezinye zeemidlalo zeemidlalo zifaniswe ngokucacileyo kwaye zinyani ukuba zikhokelela abanye ukuba baxelele ukuba simele siphila kwi-computer simulation.
Ekugqibeleni, ukufunda kweelwimi ngenye yeeprojekthi ezinobungcali kunye nobunzima be-AI ezisetyenziswayo namhlanje. Ngokuqinisekileyo, uSiri angayiphendula umbuzo ngeempendulo ezenziwe ngaphambili, kodwa uhlobo lweengxoxo ozibonayo kwi-Interstellar phakathi kweTARS kunye noMatthew McConaughey udidi lwakhe ziyiindlela zokuphuma.
I-AI kwi-Daily Life
Iifowuni ze-imeyile zogaxekile - Ukuba uyazibuza ukuba kutheni ungaboni ii-imeyile ezivela kwiintloko zaseNigeria, unokubonga ingqiqo yolwazi. Izihlungi ze-Spam zisasebenzisa i-AI ukuqonda kwaye zifunde zeziphi ii-imeyile ezingokoqobo kwaye zigaxekile. Kwaye njengoko ezi zifundo ze-AI ziphucula - ngo-2012, i-Google yathi ifumene iipesenti ezingama-99 ze-imeyile kunye no-2015, eso sibalo sahlaziywa saba ngama-99.9 ekhulwini.
Ifowuni tsheka idipozithi - njani ukuba ifowuni yakho ingafunda kwaye ifake isheke-nokuba yinto enye ebhalwe ngesandla? Uqikelele -AI. Ukufunda ukubhala ngesandla kuye kwaba yinkinga kwiinkqubo ze-AI, kodwa ngoku iindawo eziqhelekileyo. Ngoku unokubona iinguqulelo ezibukhoma zeetekisi usebenzisa ikhamera yakho ye-smartphone nge-Google Translate.
Ukumakishwa kwe-Facebook picture - Ukubona ngokubonakalayo bekude kube yinto eqhelekileyo kwimifanekiso yee-spy, kodwa ngehlabathi ukulayisha iibhiliyoni zemifanekiso yobuso kwi-intanethi imihla ngemihla, ngoku kuyenzeka. Njalo ixesha i-Facebook iyayibona kwaye ibonisa ukuba uthethe umhlobo emfanekisweni, oko kukuhlakanipha kwengqondo ekusebenzeni.
Yintoni ekugcinweni kwe-AI yexesha elizayo?
Ngexesha iifilimu ezifana ne -Terminator kunye ne -Matrix ziye zaqinisekisa abantu abathi mhlawumbi asifanele sifundise iikhomputha ukuba bacinge njani, abaphandi bajolise ngakumbi ekudaleni i-C3POs kunye ne-WALL-Es. I-AI enceda njengeemoto ezingenazixhobo, ii-smartphone kunye namakhaya aqikelele yonke imfuno yakho, kwaye kunye neerobhothi ezithengisa ukutya ziphela ngeenxa zonke.
Kwaye njengoko siqhubela phambili kwiinkwenkwezi, ii-robot ezilawulwa yi-AI ziya kuba luleke kakhulu ekuhloliseni ihlabathi elinenzondelelo kubantu.
Ezinye iingcali ezinjenge-Elon Musk zilumkisa ukuba i-AI ephakamileyo ibeka iingozi ezinkulu kunye neengxaki ezifana neerobhothi ezithatha phantse umsebenzi wonke umntu, ingakumbi kwezo zinto zenzeke, esele yabona ukulahleka kwemisebenzi enkulu ngenxa yokuzenzekelayo. Sekunjalo, inkqubela phambili kwi-AI ihamba, nangona singaqinisekanga ukuba ihamba phi.