Indlela okulinganisa ngayo ubugcisa buyingxenye yobomi bakho
I-Biometrics ichazwa njengophando kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezenzululwazi kunye / okanye ezobuchwepheshe ezenzelwe ukulinganisa, ukuhlalutya, kunye / okanye ukurekhoda iimpawu ezizimeleyo zomzimba okanye zokuziphatha. Enyanisweni, abaninzi bethu sele basebenzisa i-biometrics ngoku kwiifom zeminwe yethu nobuso bethu.
Nangona i-biometrics isetyenziswe ngamashishini athile ngamaxesha eminyaka, i-tech yanamhlanje iye yasiza ukufumana ulwazi olungakumbi loluntu. Ngokomzekelo, ezininzi zee-smartphones zakutsha zifaka i-scanprint fingerprint kunye / okanye ukubonwa kobuso ukuvula izixhobo. I-Biometrics iphakamisa iimpawu zomntu ezahlukileyo kumntu omnye ukuya kwesinye - uqobo lwethu luba yindlela yokuchonga / ukuqinisekiswa endaweni yokungena kwiiphasiwedi okanye kwiikhowudi zepini.
Ukuqhathaniswa nalokho kuthiwa "isekisi-based based" (umz. Ukhiye, amaphepha e-ID, iilayisenisi zokuqhuba umqhubi) kunye "nolwazi olusekelwe" (umz. Iikhowudi zePIN, iiphasiwedi) iindlela zokulawula ukufikelela, iimpawu ze-biometric kunzima kakhulu ukunqumla, ukuba okanye ukuwa . Esi sizathu esinye isizathu sokuba i-biometric ixhaswe ngokufanelekileyo ekungeneni okukhuselekileyo kwizinga eliphezulu (umz. Urhulumente / izakhiwo zakwa-mkhosi), ukufikelela kwiinkcukacha ezibuhlungu / ulwazi, nokuthintela ubuqhetseba okanye ukweba.
Iimpawu ezisetyenziselwa ukuchongwa kwe-biometric / ukuqinisekiswa zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zikhona. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqokelela, ukugcinwa kunye nokusingatha idatha ye-biometric (ngokukodwa ngokubhekiselele kumkhangeli wabathengi) kudla ngokuzisa iinkxalabo malunga nobumfihlo, ukhuseleko, kunye nokukhuselwa kolwazi.
01 ka 03
ZeByometric Characteristics
Kukho iimpawu ze-biometric ezisetyenziswayo namhlanje, nganye ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuqokelela, ukulinganisa, ukuvavanya, kunye nesicelo. Iimpawu zezilwanyana ezisetyenziswa kwi-biometrics zihambelana nomlo kunye / okanye ukubunjwa komzimba. Eminye imizekelo (kodwa ingaphelelwanga):
DNA
Iminwe yeminwe / imifanekiso yesundu
Iris / retina
Ubuso
Vein geometry
Iphunga / iphunga
Iimpawu zokuziphatha ezisetyenziswe kwi-biometrics - ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba yi-behaviometrics - zihambelane neepatheni ezikhethekileyo eziboniswe ngentshukumo . Eminye imizekelo (kodwa ingaphelelwanga):
Izwi
Gait
Isayinwe
Keystroke
Heartbeat
Iimpawu zikhethwe ngenxa yezinto ezithile ezenza ukuba zilungele imilinganiselo ye-biometric kunye nokuchongwa / ukuqinisekiswa. Izinto ezi sixhenxe zi:
I-Universal - Wonke umntu kufuneka abe nayo
Eyingqayizivele - Kufuneka kubekho ukwahlula okwaneleyo ukuhlukanisa abantu abahlukeneyo kwabanye
Ubunzima - Ukuchasana ukuguquka ngexesha elide (oko kukuthi lithintela njani ukuguga)
Ukuqokelela - Ukukhululeka kokufumana nokulinganisa
Ukusebenza - Isantya nokuchaneka kokuhambelana
Ukunqumla - Kulula kangakanani ukutshatyalaliswa okanye ukulingiswa
Ukwamkeleka - Ukuvuleka kwabantu kwi-teknoloji ye-biometri / inkqubo (oko kukuthi kube lula kunye nezindlela ezincinci ezingenayo, ezifana nezitshini zeminwe kwi-smartphones , zivame ukuba zivunywe ngokubanzi)
Ezi zinto zikunceda ekufumaneni ukuba isisombululo esinye se-biometric singcono ukuba sisisebenzise kwimeko enye. Kodwa iindleko kunye nenkqubo yokuqokelela jikelele ikwaqwalaselwa kwakhona. Ngokomzekelo, iimpepha zeminwe kunye neeskrini zobuso zingancinci, zithengi, zikhawuleze kwaye zilula ukuphumeza kumadivayisi eselula. Yingakho ii-smartphones zifaka ezo ndawo esikhundleni se-hardware ukuhlaziya umzimba womlilo okanye i-geometry ye-vein!
02 ka 03
I-Biometrics isebenza njani
Ukuchongwa kwe-biometric / ukuqinisekiswa kuqala ngeenkqubo zokuqokelela. Oku kufuna ama-sensors eklanyelwe ukuthatha idatha ethile ye-biometric. Abaninzi be-iPhone abanokuthi baqhelane nokuseta i-ID ye-Touch, apho kufuneka bafake iminwe kwi-ID ye-ID ye-Touch ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwakhona.
Ukuchaneka nokuthembeka kwezixhobo / iteknoloji esetyenziselwa ukuqokelela uncedo ukugcina ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye namaqondo angaphantsi kweephene kumanyathelo alandelayo (oko kukuthi). Ngokwenene, iteknoloji entsha / ukufumanisa kukunceda ukuphucula inkqubo nge-hardware engcono.
Ezinye iintlobo zeenjini ze-biometri kunye / okanye iinkqubo zokuqokelela ziqhelekileyo kwaye zixhaphake kunabanye kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla (nangona zingabandakanywa nokuchongwa / ukuqinisekiswa). Cinga:
Inzululwazi ye-Forensic: Ii-arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho ziqokelela rhoqo iminwe yeminwe, iisampuli ze-DNA (iinwele, igazi, umlenze, njl.), Ukuhlolwa kwevidiyo (ubume / ukuhlonishwa kwamagama), ukubhala ngesandla / izityikityo, kunye nokurekhoda komsindo ngabanye. Inkqubo iboniswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo (oko kukuthi idrathiswe kunye namazinga ahlukeneyo ngokoqobo) kwiimboniso nakwiimiboniso zethelevishini. Ungakwazi nokuthenga amathoyizi enzululwazi yenzululwazi yokufuna abacuphi.
Ukukhuseleka kwekhompyutha: Iskrini sefingerprint yindlela ekhulayo yohlobo lwezokhuseleko olufakwe kwiidivaysi zeselula - ezi zixhobo zifumaneke (zombini zidibaniswe kunye njengecandelo elihlukeneyo) kwiikhompyutha / iikhomputha zekhompyutha iminyaka. Ukuqaphela ubuso, kufumaneka kwii-smartphones ezifana ne- Apple iPhone X kunye ne-Face ID okanye nayiphina i- Android usebenzisa i-Google Smart Lock , yenza izenzo zokhuseleko (ngokuqhelekileyo ukuvula) mhlawumbi endaweni okanye ngaphezu kweeskrini zeminwe.
Amachiza: Uninzi lwezihlolisiso zentsuku zonyaka zibandakanya ukucinga nge-digital retinal njengendlela (yokuzikhethela) ukuphuculwa kweemviwo zamehlo. Iifoto zangaphakathi zeso zinceda oogqirha iskrini kwizilwanyana / izimo zamehlo. Kukho ukuhlolwa kofuzo, kusetyenziswa oogqirha ukuba bancede abantu bafumane ingozi kunye nethuba lokuphuhlisa isifo / imeko. Uvavanyo lwezilwanyana luqhelekile kakhulu (ngokuqhelekileyo umxholo ophindaphindiweyo weemiboniso ezithile zentsuku).
Ukuzonwabisa ekhaya / Ukuzenzekelayo: Ukuqatshelwa kwentetho (eyahlukileyo kwi- recognition recognition , isetyenziswe ngabaphambi kweembonakalo ukuchonga abantu ngokusebenzisa iipatheni zezwi) sele ikhona ngexesha elide. Ininzi ifakwe isicelo sokuqaphela igama, njengento yokuthetha-itekisi, ukuguqulela ulwimi, kunye nokulawula idivaysi. Ukuba uthe waxoxisana ne- Apple Siri , i- Amazon ye-Alexa , i- Android ye-Google Now , kunye / okanye iMicrosoft yaseCortana , ngoko ufumane ukuzonwabisa ngokubhaliweyo kwentetho. Amacebo amaninzi ase-smarthome angasetyenziswa ngokuzenzekelayo ngokusebenzisa ukusetyenziswa kwezwi .
Ukuthenga / Iikontrakthi: Ukuba unakho ukuhlawula usebenzisa ikhadi lokuthenga ngetyala kunye / okanye ukuseka isivumelwano (umzekelo, amakhadi e-ID, ukuhlolwa kwebhanki, unyango / i-inshurensi, izihloko / izenzo, intando, ukuqesha, njl) kunye nomntu / ibutho, mhlawumbi kufuneka ubhalise igama lakho. Ezi tyikityo zinokuhlolwa ukuba zincede ukuzisa ubunikazi kunye / okanye abaqeqeshiweyo abaqeqeshiwe abaqeqeshekileyo bakwazi ukuqonda ukuhluka kohlobo kwendlela yokubhala ngesandla ngokubhekiselele kumbakala obonisa umbhali ohluke ngokupheleleyo.
Xa isampuli yebhileyomethri ifakwe kwintsimbi (okanye inzwa), ulwazi luya kuhlalutya nge-computer algorithms. Iimpawu zokuqulunqa zenzelwe ukuchonga nokukhangela iinkalo ezithile kunye / okanye iipateni zempawu (umz. Imigodi kunye nemigodi yeminwe yeminwe, amanethiwekhi emithanjeni yegazi kwi-retinas, iimpawu zamathambo ezinzima, i-pitch kunye nesitayela / i-cadence yezwi, njl.), Ngokuguqula idatha kwifomathi yedijithali / itemplate.
Ifomathi yedijithali yenza ukuba lula ukuhlalutya / ukuthelekisa nabanye. Uhlobo olukhuselekileyo lokhuseleko luya kubandakanya ukubethela kunye nokugcinwa okukhuselekileyo kwazo zonke idijithali yedatha / itemplates.
Ngokulandelayo, ulwazi oluchitshiweyo luya kudlula kwi-algorithm ehambelanayo, efanisa igalelo malunga nenye (oko kukuqinisekisa) okanye ngaphezulu (oko kukuthi ukuchongwa) okufakwe kwisiseko seenkcukacha. Ukudibanisa kubandakanye inkqubo yokwenza amanqaku okubala amanani okufana, iimpazamo (umz. Ukungapheleli kwenkqubo yokuqokelela), ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo (oko kukuthi ezinye iimpawu zomntu zikwazi ukufumana utshintsho oluthile ngexesha elide), kunye nokunye. Ukuba amanqaku adlula amanqaku amancinci okuhambelana, ngoko inkqubo iphumelela ekuboneni / ekuqinisekiseni umntu.
03 ka 03
I-Biometric Identi Identification vs. Ukuqinisekiswa (Ukuqinisekisa)
Xa kuziwa kwi-biometrics, amagama 'ukuchongwa' kunye 'nokuqinisekiswa' badla ngokudibana. Nangona kunjalo, ngamnye ucela umbuzo ohlukileyo kodwa ocacileyo.
Ukubonakaliswa kwe-biometric ufuna ukwazi ukuba ungubani - inkqubo enxulumene nomntu omnye kuya kufana nokufakelwa kwedatha yefom ye-biometric kuzo zonke ezinye izinto ezifakwe kwiziko ledatha. Ngokomzekelo, impepha engaziwayo efunyenwe kwimeko yoluhlu iya kucutshungulwa ukuze ichonge ukuba ngubani.
Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric ufuna ukwazi ukuba unobani oyibango - inqubo efanayo efana neyodwa ifanisa ukufakelwa kwedatha ye-biometric ekungeneni kokungena (ngokukodwa eyakho ebhalisiwe ngaphambili kwi-reference) kwi-database. Umzekelo, xa usebenzisa i-scanner fingerprint ukuvula i-smartphone yakho, ihlola ukuqinisekisa ukuba ungumnini ogunyazisiweyo wefowuni.