Ziziphi na zona eziza kuyifunayo kwi-PC yakho okanye kwi-Tablet
Ngokwesiko, iimbonakalo zekhompyutha ziye zaba nethuba ngaphezu kwezinye i-electronics ekhaya xa kufike kwisigqibo. Le nto yaqala ukutshintsha xa kunikwe umboniso ophezulu oonomathotholo kumthengi kwaye ekugqibeleni wamkelwa nguRhulumente kunye nabasasazo. Ngoku ii-HDTV kunye neendwendwe ezininzi ze-desktop zikwabelana ngesisombululo esifanayo kodwa iikhomputha zesebe zihlala zixhotyiswe ngemiboniso ephantsi. Oku kuye kwatshintshile emva kokuba i-Apple iqale ukukhulula iziboniso zabo ezisekelwe kwi-Retina kodwa ngoku ngokugqibeleleyo kwe-4K okanye i-UltraHD, abathengi banokufumana iimbonakalo ezinikezela ngedatha engalindelekanga kunakudala. Kukho impembelelo ethile xa ucinga ukufumana nokusebenzisa ukuboniswa kwe-4K kunye nekhompyutha yakho.
Yintoni 4K okanye i-UltraHD?
I-4K okanye i-UltraHD njengoko ibizwa ngokusemthethweni kusetyenziselwa ukubhekisa iklasi elitsha yee-TV eziphezulu eziphezulu kunye nevidiyo. I-4K ibhekiselele kwisisombululo esingezantsi somfanekiso wesithombe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-3840x2160 okanye i-4096x2160 izigqibo. Oku kungamaxesha amane kwisisombululo semilinganiselo ye-HD yangoku ephuma nge-1920x1080. Nangona ezi ziboniso zingahamba phezulu kakhulu, abathengi abanalo ithuba lokufumana ividiyo engama-4K kwimiboniso yabo njengokuba kungekho mgangatho wokusasaza ngokusemthethweni kwi-US kodwa nabadlali bokuqala be- Blu-ray baqala ukuyenza.
Ngevidiyo ye-3D engayithathi impela kwiimakethe zasekhaya ezisehlabathini, abavelisi ngoku bajonge i-UltraHD njengeendlela zokushenxisa isizukulwana esilandelayo se-electronics ekhaya. Kukho inani elikhulu leethelevishini ze-4K okanye ze-UltraHD ezikhoyo kwiimarike kwaye iimbonakalo ze-PC nazo ziba zixhaphake ngakumbi kwiidesktops kwaye zidibanise kwezinye iipottops eziphezulu. Ukusebenzisa le miboniso kunemfuneko ethile, nangona kunjalo.
Abaxhamli beVidiyo
Enye yeengxaki zokuqala ukuba iikhomputha ziza kuzama ukuqhuba abagadi be-4K okanye i-UHD ziya kuba ngabaxhamli bevidiyo. Izisombululo eziphezulu kakhulu zifuna inani elikhulu lokuhamba komda wokuhamba ukuze kuhanjiswe idatha efunekayo kwisignali yevidiyo. Ubuchwepheshe bokuqala ezifana neVGA kunye ne-DVI abukwazi ukujongana nezigqibo ngokuqinisekileyo. Oku kushiya ii-connectors zevidiyo ezikufutshane, i-HDMI kunye ne- DisplayPort . Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i- Thunderbolt iya kuxhasa ezi zigqibo njengoko zisekelwe kwikhompyutheni ye-DisplayPort kunye nezixhamli zeempawu zevidiyo.
I-HDMI isetyenziswe ngabo bonke abathengi ngekhompyutheni kwaye mhlawumbi iya kuba yindlela eqhelekileyo yomsebenzisi oza kubona ekuqaleni kwee-4K ze-HDTV kwiimarike. Ukuze ikhompyutha isebenzise oku, ikhadi levidiyo liya kufuneka libe ne- HDMI v1.4 . Ukongeza kule nto, uya kufuna kwakhona i-HDMI High Speed rated cables. Ukungaphumeleli ukuba neentambo ezifanelekileyo kuthetha ukuba umfanekiso awuyi kukwazi ukutshintshela kwisikrini kwisigqibo esipheleleyo kwaye uya kubuyela kwizigqibo eziphantsi. Kukhona enye into epapashwe nge-HDMI v1.4 kunye ne-4K yevidiyo. Iyakwazi kuphela ukuhambisa isalathisi ngezinga lokuvuselela i-30Hz okanye iifom ezingama-30 ngesibini. Oku kungamkeleka ukubukela ama-movie kodwa abaninzi abasebenzisi bekhomputha, abadlali be-gamers, bafuna ukuba ne-60fps. Inkcazelo entsha ye-HDMI 2.0 ilungisa le nto kodwa ayengavamile kumakhadi amaninzi e-PC.
I-DisplayPort yindlela enye eya kusetyenziswa ezininzi iimboniselo zekhomputha kunye namakhadi evidiyo. Ngomfanekiso we-DisplayPort v1.2, uphawu lwevidiyo phezu kwehardware oluhambelanayo lunokuqhuba i-video ye-4K UHD egcweleyo ukuya kwi-4096x2160 kunye nombala ophezulu kunye ne-60Hz okanye iifowuni ngemizuzwana. Oku kulungelelanisi abasebenzisi bekhompyutha abafuna isantya sokuvuselela ngokukhawuleza ukunciphisa ubunzima bamehlo kunye nokwandisa ukuhamba kwesantya. Umgca wezantsi apha kukuba kusekho iikharityhulam ezinkulu zekhadi levidiyo ngaphandle apho ezingenayo i-DisplayPort version 1.2 ezichwepheni ezihambelanayo. Oku kunokuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka uhlaziywe kwikhadi elibonisa imifanekiso ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa enye yeziboniso ezintsha.
Ukusebenza kwekhadi leVidiyo
Xa kukho ezininzi iikhomputha zisebenzisa i-1920x1080 iziboniso eziphezulu ze-display-display okanye eziphantsi, akukho mfuneko enkulu yamakhadi ahlukileyo asebenzayo. Yonke iprogram yecrafti ingaba idibeneyo okanye idibeneyo inokusingatha umsebenzi wevidiyo oyisiseko kwizigqibo ezintsha ze-4K UHD. Umba uya kuza nokukhawuleza kwevidiyo kubasebenzisi be-3D. Ngamaxesha amane isisombululo sencazelo ephakamileyo ephezulu, oko kuthetha ukuba amaxesha amane edatha kufuneka aqhutywe yikhadi lemifanekiso . Uninzi lwamakhadi evidiyo akhoyo awanako ukufikelela ezi zigqibo ngaphandle kweengxaki zokusebenza.
I-PC Perspective idibanisa iqela elikhulu elijongene nokusebenza kweekhompyutha zeekhodi zekhompyutha ezama ukuqhuba imidlalo ethile kwithelevishini ye-4K yokuqala kwi-HDMI. Bafumanise ukuba ukuba ufuna ukuzama ukudlala imidlalo kwi-frames 30 ehamba phambili ngesibini, ufunwa kakhulu ukuba uthenge iikhadi elihlukileyo elibiza ama-$ 500 . Oku akumangalisi kakhulu njengoko lawa makhadi adingekayo kakhulu xa uceba ukuqhuba iindwendwe ezininzi ukuze ubone isiboniso esiphezulu. Ukuqulunqwa kweembonakalo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo kubadlali bebhola zibonakaliso ezintathu ze-1920x1080 ukuvelisa umfanekiso we-5760x1080. Nokuba ugijima umdlalo kweso sigqibo uvelisa ezintathu zesine yedatha efunekayo ukuqhuba kwisisombululo esingu-3840x2160.
Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba ngelixa iindleko ze-4K zifumana ixabiso eliphezulu, amakhadi ahlukileyo asele abuyele emva kwekhompyutha yeevidiyo ngexesha elithile xa kuziwa ekudlala. Kuyakuthi kuthathe izizukulwana zekhadi ezine-graphics zekrifa ngaphambi kokuba sibone ukhetho olufanelekileyo olunokuthi lukwazi ukudlala imidlalo kwiinqununu eziphezulu. Ngokuqinisekileyo, mhlawumbi kuthatha ixesha elide ukujonga ixabiso lokubeka iliso njengoko lithatha iminyaka emininzi ngaphambi kokuboniswa kwee-1920x1080 kuba nexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu.
IiCODEC ezintsha zevidiyo ezifunekayo
Ipesenti enkulu yevidiyo esiyidlayo ivela kwimithombo kwi-intanethi kuneendlela zokusasaza zendabuko. Ngokunyuka kobukhulu bomnatha weedatha ezine kwi-video ye-Ultra HD, umthwalo omkhulu uza kufakwa kwi-intanethi ukungaxeli ubukhulu befayile kulabo abathengayo kwaye balayishe iifayile zevidiyo zedijithali. Ngokukhawuleza ithebhulethi yakho engama-64GB inokubamba enye ikota yeefilimu ezininzi njengoko zenze njalo. Ngenxa yoko, kukho imfuneko yokudala iiefayile zevidiyo ezihambelanayo ezingasasazwa ngokuchanekileyo kunxibelelwano kwaye zigcine ifayile ifayile.
Ininzi yevidiyo ephezulu ichaza ngoku isebenzisa i-H.264 ividiyo yeCODEC kwiqela le-Moving Picture Experts okanye i-MPEG. Uninzi lwabantu mhlawumbi libhekisela kulezi zifayile zevidiyo ze-MPEG4. Ngoku, le ndlela yayiyimpumelelo kakhulu yeenkcukacha zekhowudi kodwa ngokukhawuleza ngevidiyo ye-4K UHD, i-disc ye-Blu-ray inokuphela kwekota enye yevidiyo kwividiyo kwaye ukuhanjiswa kwevidiyo kuthatha amaxesha amane ukuhamba kwebhanti ezalisa ukuhanjiswa kwenethiwekhi ikakhulukazi ekupheleni komsebenzisi ngokukhawuleza. Ukuyicombulula le ngxaki, iqela le-MPEG liqalise ukusebenza kwi-H.265 okanye kwi-CODEC ye-Video esebenzayo (HEVC) njengeendlela zokunciphisa ubunzima beenkcukacha. Injongo yayikukunciphisa ubukhulu befayile ngama-50 ekhulwini ngelixa ligcina izinga elifanayo lomgangatho.
Impembelelo enkulu apha kukuba ininzi ye-hardware yevidiyo ikhuni ikhutshwe ukuze isebenzise ividiyo ye-H.264 ukuze ibe yinkqubela kunokwenzeka. Umzekelo omhle wale nto iisombululo ze-Intel ze-HD Graphics kunye neVidiyo yokuVumelanisa ngokukhawuleza . Nangona oku kunzima ukukhangela ukuba kusebenze ngokugqithiseleyo ngevidiyo ye-HD, ayiyi kuhambelana kwinqanaba le-hardware ekujonganeni nevidiyo entsha yeH.265. Kuyafana neenkcukacha ezininzi zemifanekiso ezifumaneka kwimveliso yeselula. Ezinye zezi zinto zingasetyenziswa kwi-software kodwa ithetha ukuba izinto ezininzi ezikhoyo eziphathekayo ezifana neefowuni eziphambili kunye neepilisi ezingenakho ukukwazi ukudlala ifomathi entsha yevidiyo. Ekugqibeleni oku kuya kulungiswa nge-hardware entsha kunye nesofthiwe.
Izigqibo
I-4K okanye i-UltraHD iliso kunye neziboniso ziya kuvula iqela elitsha lokwenene kunye nemifanekiso ecacileyo yeekhomputha. Yiyo ke, iya kuba yinto ebingayiboni iminyaka emininzi ngenxa yabaninzi beendleko ezibandakanyekayo ekuveliseni iipaneli zokubonisa. Kuya kuthatha iminyaka emininzi kwimiboniso kwaye i-hardware yomqhubi wevidiyo ukuba ifikeleleke ngokwenene kubathengi kodwa kulungile ukuba ekugqibeleni ubone umdla kwizibonakaliso eziphezulu eziphezulu emva kokusombululo esiphezulu kwee-laptops ezininzi eziphathekayo zithengiswa kodwa zihlanganyelwe izigqibo phantsi kwe-1080p ephakamileyo inkcazo i vidiyo.