Iibiti, ii-Bytes, Megabytes, Megabits kunye neGigabits zihluke njani?

Imigqaliselo yamagama kunye nee -tes kwi-intanethi ye-intanethi ibhekisela kwiiyunithi eziqhelekileyo zedatha yedijithali ezithunyelwa kwiinkcukacha zonxibelelwano. Kukho iibhitithi eziyi-8 nganye ye-byte.

Isiqalo se "mega" kwi-megabit (Mb) kunye ne-megabyte (MB) kaninzi indlela ekhethekileyo yokubonisa iirhafu zokudlulisa idatha kuba iqhuba ngokubanzi kunye ne-bytes kumawaka. Ngokomzekelo, inethwekhi yakho yasekhaya ingakwazi ukukhuphela idatha kwi-1 yezigidi bytes nganye yesibini, leyo ibhalwe ngokufanelekileyo njengama-megabits 8 ngesibini, okanye i-8 Mb / s.

Ezinye izilinganiso zivelisa izibonda kwiimpawu ezinkulu ezifana ne-1,073,741,824, zingaphi iibitshi kwi-gigabyte enye (eyi-1,024 megabyte). Yintoni enye into yokuba i- terabytes, i-petabyte, ne-exabytes zikhulu kunama-megabyte!

Iimpawu zeBits kunye neeBytes ezenziwe

Iikhomputha zisebenzisa ii-bits (mfutshane yeenombolo zebhanari ) ukumela ulwazi kwifomu yedijithali. Ikhomputha yecomputer ixabiso lebhanari. Xa imelwa njengenombolo, iibits ingaba nexabiso le-1 (enye) okanye 0 (zero).

Iikhompyutheni zanamhla zivelisa izibindi ukusuka kwimiphakalo ephezulu yamandla kagesi esebenza ngeesekethe zezixhobo. Iifayile zeekhompyutheni zekhompyutheni ziguqula le migodi kwiiyo kunye neeferethi ezifunekayo ukuze zithumele izibini kunxibelelwano lwenethwekhi, inqubo ebizwa ngezinye iinkqubo ngekhowudi .

Izindlela zokudibanisa umyalezo wenethiwekhi ziyahlukahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwindlela yokuhambisa:

• Uxhumano lwe- Ethernet luthwala amabhakethi usebenzisa izibonakaliso zombane ezihlukeneyo
• I-Wi-Fi ithatha izibhengezo usebenzisa izibonakaliso zomsakazo zeefom
• Ukuxhamla kweeFiber kusetyenziswa ukukhanya kokukhanya ukuphatha iibitshi

I-byte nje ngokulandelelana-ubude bexesha elide. Iikhomputha zanamhlanje ziququzelele idatha kwi-bytes ukwenzela ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwedatha yezixhobo zonxibelelwano, iidiski kunye nememori.

Imizekelo yeBits kunye nee-Bytes kwi-Computer Networking

Nangona abasebenzisi abangaqhelekanga bamanethiwekhi ekhomputhaza baya kuhlangana kunye neemeto kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo. Khawuqwalasele le mizekelo.

Iilwimi ze-Intanethi kwi-intanethi ye-intanethi ye-Intanethi ye-4 (IPv4) iqukethe ama-32 bits (4 bytes). Idilesi 192.168.0.1 , ngokomzekelo, ixabise i-192, 168, 0 ne-1 nganye yeeteti zayo. Iimpawu kunye nee -tes zedilesi zifakwe ngekhowudi njengoko kunjalo:

11000000 10101000 00000000 00000001

Isantya apho idatha ihamba ngokuxhumo lwenethiwekhi yekhompyutheni ngokuqhelekileyo ilinganiselwa kwiinqununu zezibini ngesibini (bps). Unxibelelwano lwangoku lunako ukuthumela izigidi okanye izigidi zeebitshi ngomzuzwana , ezibizwa ngokuthi i- megabits ngesibini (Mbps) kunye neigigabits ngesibini (Gbps) , ngokulandelanayo.

• Uxhumo lwe- Gigabit Ethernet lulinganiswe kwi-1 Gbps
• Ii-routers zokunxibelelana ezingenazintambo zinikeza iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zokunxibelelana kwamaxabiso ngokuxhomekeka kwifomu ye-Wi-Fi esetyenzisiweyo. Iirhafu eziqhelekileyo ezixhaswa ngabagijethi ziquka ii-54 Mbps, i-150 Mbps kunye ne-600 Mbps

Ngaloo ndlela, ukuba ukhupha i fayile ye-10 MB (80 Mb) kwi-intanethi ekhuphela idatha kwi-54 Mbps (6.75 MBs), ungasebenzisa ulwazi lokuguqulwa apha ngezantsi ukuze ufumane ukuba ifayile ingalandwa kwisithuba sesibini nje (80/54 = 1.48 okanye 10 / 6.75 = 1.48).

Iphulo: Uyabona ukuba unxibelelwano olukhawulezayo lwakho lunokukhuphela kwaye lulayishe idatha nge- intanethi yokuhlola isivinini .

Ngokwahlukileyo, iifowuni zokugcina iikhomputha ezifana nezitifiketi ze- USB kunye nokuqhuba kanzima idatha yokudlulisa kwiiyunithi ze-bytes kwisibini (Bps). Kulula ukudibanisa le mibini kodwa i-bytes yesibini yi-Bps, ene-capital "B," ngelixa i-bits ngesibini isebenzisa i-lowercase "b."

Izikhuseleko ezingenantambo ezingenazinqamlezo ezifana neWPA2, i-WPA, kunye ne-WEP yakudala zilandelelana ngeenobumba kunye namanani amaninzi abhalwe phantsi kwi- hexadecimal notation. Inombolo ye-Hexadecimal ibonisa iqela ngalinye leentsimbi ezine njengexabiso elilodwa, nokuba yinani phakathi kwe-zero kunye neyesithoba, okanye ileta phakathi kwe "A" ne "F."

Iifayile zeWPA zibukeka ngathi:

12345678 9ABCDEF1 23456789 AB

Iiplaneti zenethiwekhi ze-IPv6 nazo zisetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwenombolo ye-hexadecimal. Idilesi nganye ye-IPv6 iqulethe izibini eziyi-128 (16 bytes), ezifana:

0: 0: 0: 0: 0: FFFF: C0A8: 0101

Indlela yokuguqula iiBits kunye nee-Bytes

Kulula kakhulu ukuguqula ngokubhaliweyo amanani kunye nezinto ze-byte xa uyazi oku okulandelayo:

• 8 bits = 1 byte
• 1,024 bytes = 1 kilobyte
• 1,024 kilobytes = 1 i-megabyte
• 1,024 megabytes = 1 gigabyte
• 1,024 iigigabytes = 1 i-terabyte

Njengomzekelo, ukuguqula ama-kilobytes ama-5 kwiibits, ungasebenzisa ukuguqulwa kwesibili ukufumana ama-bytes ama-5,120 (1,024 X 5) kwaye ngokokuqala ukufumana ama-40,960 bits (5,120 X 8).

Indlela elula kakhulu yokufumana ukuguqulwa kukusebenzisa i-calculator njenge-Bit Calculator. Unako ukuqikelela ixabiso ngokufaka umbuzo kwiGoogle.