Omnye umva wokuba unamashishini amaninzi afumana iifowuni ezaneleyo zokufakela yonke into. Ngekhompyutheni yedeskithophu, mhlawumbi ufuna iimfowuni ezongezelelweyo zesikhombisi, umshicileli, izithethi ze desktop, i-router wireless, izixhobo zeselula kunye nezinye izixhobo. Inkqubo yemidlalo yasesekhaya, kukho umabonwakude, ummkeli we-stereo / amplifier , i-preamp, i-subwoofer, izithethi (ngamanye amaxesha), i-DVD, i-DVD-Blu-ray player, ii-consoles zokudlala kunye nebhokisi ye-set-top yokuqwalasela.
Isisombululo? Fumana ibhobho / ulwahlulo lwangaphandle, oluqhelekileyo lube ngumkhuseli wakho wamandla omhla ngemihla okanye umgca wamandla. Nangona zombini ezi zikhetho zinikela ngeempahla ezongezelelweyo, apho apho kufana khona ukufana okuphela. Uninzi (kodwa kungekho konke) ukukhusela abakhuseli banamacandelo emandla, kodwa amaqhosha emandla awayikukhusela abakhuseli. Uza kubona iindidi zombini ziboniswe ndawonye kwiisithuthi ezifanayo ze-hardware yakho yangaphakathi okanye i-electronics yokuthengisa ivenkile. Kodwa musa nje ukumbamba owokuqala osibamba isohlo! Kukho iintlukwano ezibalulekileyo kunye neenzuzo zokuqwalasela.
Umkhuseli okhuselekileyo kunye noMandla oMbane
Xa ujonga, abakhuseli bokukhusela kunye namagqabi amandla kubonakala ngathi benza into efanayo. Kodwa ngelixa amandla amathintelo ngamacandelo amaninzi e-plug extension, abakhuseli bokukhusela badibanelwe ukugcina izixhobo zombane zikhuselekile ukusuka - uqikelele - ukunyuka kombane (kunye neepikhi).
Abakhuseli bokukhusela basebenze ngokukhupha umthamo ongaphezu kwemitha kwisango elisemaphandleni. Ngaphandle kwalolu hlobo, umbane ogqithiseleyo uza kuphuma kuwo onke amacandelo ombane axhunyiwe kwaye ubangele umonakalo unomphela kwizixhobo ezixhunyiwe. Impembelelo yombane ogqithiseleyo ingabonakala ngokucacileyo kwaye ngokukhawuleza nje nge-bulb light light bulb ephuma kunye ne pop . Kodwa inokulimaza ngokugqithiseleyo ixesha, apho umthwalo ongezelelweyo wamandla uyanciphisa ukuthembeka kweesekethe zombane (cingisisa malunga neendleko zakho ezibiza kakhulu ngezinto ezincinci ze-microprocessors ), okubangelwa ukuhluleka kokuphela .
Umzekelo ogqithiseleyo wombane ogqithiseleyo uyisiteleka sombane. Kodwa ezo zinqabile (kuxhomekeke apho uhlala khona) kwaye zinamandla kakhulu ukuba ziqulethwe ngumkhuseli wokukhusela - unqabile ukukhupha ii-electronics ngexesha lokuduma kwezulu. Unako ukufumana ama-surges kagesi kunye neepikhi xa inkampani yesebenzi yendawo iguqula amandla grids kunye / okanye ineengxaki zokusebenza. Nangona bazama ukugcina ukuhamba kombane ngokukhawuleza, ukuphazamiseka kwenzeka.
Iziganeko eziqhelekileyo zengxowankulu yee-voltage zenzeka xa kukho ukutshintsha kwindleko yamandla, ingakumbi ukuba isakhiwo sinobudala bombane okanye obubi. Ngaba izibane eziqhaqhaqhazelayo ziyaqhaqhazela okanye ziya kulala xa i-friji, umoya womoya, i-dryer, okanye nayiphi na enye into enamandla? Isicelo sokwenza ngokukhawuleza samandla singabangela ukuhamba kwesikhashana kwisiphaluka esifuna kwaye kuthintele zonke iindawo ezixhunyiwe. KwiNyakatho yeMerika, nantoni na ngaphaya kombane oqhelekileyo we-120 V ithathwa njengongaphezulu. Amancinci amancinci angenzeka naliphi na ixesha ngaphandle kweempawu ezisagqithisa umbane oqhelekileyo wokusebenza kombane.
Oko Kufuna Okokuqala
Abakhuseli bokukhusela bafika kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu . Abanye badibanisa ngqo eludongeni kwaye basebenze njengendawo yokukhusela yokukhusela. Uninzi lwabanye luxhotyiswe ngekhefu elinokuthi lube phakathi naphakathi kweenyawo ezili-12 ubude. Xa ukhetha umgcini okhuselekileyo wokhuseleko, uya kufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba unayo:
- Iifom zonke zazo zombane
- Ukwahlula ukuvumelanisa izitena zamandla
- Ikhefu lamandla okwaneleyo
Awuyi kuzenza ziphi na izipho ngokuthenga umkhuseli wokukhusela umgangatho wesithandathu xa unamacebo angama-10 okufakela kuyo. Into yokugqibela ofuna ukuyenza yinkampani ekhuselekileyo yokukhusela omnye umkhuseli wokukhusela okanye umgca wamandla ukwenza ukubahluko - owandisa umngcipheko wokutshatyalaliswa kwesiphaluka kagesi kunye nokukhupha iwaranti yomkhuseli wokukhusela. Ukuba unesiqiniseko malunga nenani elichanekileyo lezithengiso ozifunayo, soloko uhamba xa ufuna ezinye izinto ezongezelelweyo ziluncedo.
Akunabo bonke abakhuseli abakhuselekileyo abakhelwe ngetinki zamandla ngengqondo. Ezinye izitena zamandla zinamandla kangangokuthi zinokubamba isikhupheli samahhala (okanye ezimbini okanye ezintathu) xa ungene kuyo. Nangona izixhobo zakho zangoku zisebenzisa iiplagi ezimbini eziqhelekileyo, kukufanelekile ukukhetha umkhuseli okhuselekileyo othe wahlukana. Uyakwazi ukuwasebenzisa konke ngoku, kodwa ugcine uguquguquko lokusingatha nawaphi na izitena zamandla kwixesha elizayo.
Umkhuseli okhuselekileyo akayi kwenza into eninzi xa engakwazi ukufikelela kwisikhokelo sodonga esiseduze. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ungasebenzisa intambo yokongezwa, kodwa ukwenza njalo akuqinisekisi ukukhuselwa ngokupheleleyo kwaye kaninzi kuphelisa iwaranti yomkhiqizo. Ngoko xa ungathandabuzeki, khetha abakhuseli bokukhusela kunye nekhefu elide kakhulu lamandla.
Izilinganiso zokuSebenza zokuCamngca
Ukupakishwa komkhiqizo kwenzelwe ukutsala ingqwalasela kunye nokuhambisa ulwazi oluninzi ngangoko. Oku kungabonakala kukudideka okanye kunzima, kuqwalasela ukuba baninzi abakhuseli bekhuseli banalo uluhlu lwempawu kunye neenkcukacha. Kungcono ukugxila kwizinto ezibalulekileyo, ngoko jonga oku kuqala:
- I-joules (ephakamileyo ilungile): Inani leenethi ezichazwe kumkhuseli wokukhusela limela ukulinganisa kwamandla. Cinga nje ngekhuselo elivimba amandla angaphezulu. Amanani aphakamileyo athetha ukuba umkhuseli okhuselekileyo angakwazi ukugcina (okanye ngaphezulu) ngokubakho kwiintlobo ezifanayo okanye ezininzi kwixesha ngaphambi kokugqithisa. Ngoko ukuba umkhuseli okhuselekileyo unamaqela angama-500 okukhusela, unokukwazi ukuphatha: i-hits ye-50-play-hits, okanye ama-4-play-hits hit, okanye i-one-500-playle hit. Amashishini amancinci (isib. Izibane, ii-radios, ishaja zebhethri, njl.) Zihle kakhulu ngokulinganisa kwemidlalo engaphantsi kwe-1000. Kodwa ngenxa yekhompyutheni kunye / okanye ixhobo zokudlala i-home, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kufuna ukukhusela abakhuseli kunye nokulinganisa kwama-2500 okanye ngaphezulu.
- I-Volmping Voltage (esezantsi ibhetele): I-volmping voltage-ngamanye amaxesha okubizwa ngokuba yi-Voltage Protection Rating (VPR) okanye i-Suppressed Voltage Rating (SVR) - ibonisa ukuba umkhuseli okhuselayo uya kusebenziselwa ukuguqula umbane ongaphezu kwamandla. Cinga nje ngolu hlobo lokutshintsha / ukuhanjiswa. Ngoxa ukhuseleko olunikezwa ngamathole luvakala kakuhle, yimizila yokugungqa (ukuphakama kwamandla okuza kuvunyelwa ngokusebenzisa) okuphelisa ukuba kusebenza ngakumbi. Amanani amancinci athetha ukuba umkhuseli okhuselekileyo akavumelekanga ukunyuka kombane. Ngoko xa kuthelekiswa nomkhuseli wokukhusela nge-330 V yokubamba umbane (ukhetho olungcono) ngokumalunga nomnye nge-V V power pressure, lo mva uza kuvumela ukuphakama okuphezulu / okwenzayo (okungonakalisa izinto) ngaphambi kokuba wenze nantoni na.
- Ixesha lokuphendula (eliphantsi lihle): Ixesha lokuphendula (ngokuqhelekileyo lilinganiselwe kwi-nanosecond) libonisa ukuba ngokukhawuleza ukukhusela umkhuseli kuzosabela njani ukuguqula umbane ongaphezulu. Ngoxa i-electronics ibonakala isebenza ngokukhawuleza, ngokwenene idinga ixesha lokusebenza. Ixesha lokuphendula lihamba ngokulandelana nombane wokuqhawula. Abakhuseli bokukhusela kunye nexesha eliphantsi lokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kusebenze ngokukhawuleza ukuze kuhanjiswe umbane ongaphezu kwexesha ngaphambi kokuba kube nethuba lokulimaza. Ukuba ufuna i-best, khetha iindidi kunye namaxesha okuphendula kwi-nanosecond enye (okanye ngaphantsi).
- UL 1449 (kufuneka ukuba): I-Underwriters Laboratories UL 1449 ngumgangatho okhuselekile wokukhusela osebenza kuyo yonke i-Device Protect Device (SPD). Olu mgangatho lubonisa iikhrayitheriya zokuqinisekisa, iimfuno zokuyila, kunye nokuhlolwa komsebenzi okwenziwa ngabavelisi ukuba bahlangane ukuze umkhuseli okhuselekileyo anqatshelwe njengekhuselekile ekusebenziseni abathengi. Ukuba umkhuseli okhulayo akabonakali ngenye indawo ebhokisini, kungenokuba yinto engcono kakhulu yokukhusela izixhobo zakho.
Izixhobo ezingaphezulu
Abaninzi abakhuseli bekhuselo banikezela izinto ezininzi. Nangona bekuncomekile ukuba banakho, banokuphelisa intengo yokuthenga. Ixabiso elithe xaxa alithethi ngokuzenzekelayo kangcono - gxininisa kwiimfuno zokuqala kwaye qinisekisa ukuba awunakucatshulwa ukulinganiswa kokusebenza okukhankanywe ngasentla. Kuye ngamnye umntu ukuba anqume ukuba ngaba ezi zinto zongezelelweyo ziyiluncedo:
- Kwiichwephelo ze-USB
- Ukubonisa ii-LED
- I-Ethernet, coaxial , kunye / okanye iifowuni
- Umgca we-3 (okanye yonke indlela) ukukhusela
- Umgcini wesiphaluka esakhiweyo
- Uluhlu lwe-EMI / RFI kunye / okanye isimo sombane
- Ukunikezelwa kwamandla okungaxinaniseki (UPS) ukugcinwa kwebhethri
- Ukutshintshwa (okanye isimo senkonzo yokukhusela) izibane zokubonisa kunye / okanye i-alarms ezizwakalayo
- Ukulondolozwa kwamandla (umz. Iplagi yezixhobo, ixesha, njl)
- Ulawulo olude lwangaphandle
- Iintsholongwane zokuhamba
- Indlu yonke yokukhusela
IWaranti
Njengokuba zininzi iintlobo zabathengi ngekhompyutha, abakhuseli bezithuthi bafika newaranti yesiqulathi esenza ixhobo ezixhunyiwe kwixabiso elithile elidityanisiweyo leedola (lihluka ukusuka kwimveliso ukuya kwimveliso). Ngethemba, awuyi kuwusebenzisa, kodwa kukulungele ukulungiswa. Qinisekisa ukuba ufunde ngokugqibeleleyo ukushicilelwa okufanelekileyo malunga ne-warranty coverage. Ezinye izimangalo zifuna ukukhusela umkhuseli, zonke izixhobo (nokuba okanye akukho ngamnye umonakalo owonakele) oxhunyiwe kumkhuseli wokukhusela ngexesha lomonakalo, kunye neerishiyamu zangaphambili kuzo zonke izinto .
Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho izibhengezo ezininzi, iimeko, kunye nemingcele (oko kukuthi iiphuphu ezivuthayo zokugqithisa) ezifunekayo ukuba zidibene phambi kokuba ungaboni i-dime, kwaye ukubuyiswa okupheleleyo akuqinisekanga. Unokulindela ukuba amabango athathe iinyanga ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu ukulungiselela.
Khumbula:
- Kubalulekile ukuxhoma umkhuseli wokukhusela kwisithuba sokudonga esisemgangathweni esilungileyo - usebenzisa i-adapter ye-prong ye-prong ayikho . Ngaphandle koko, akuyi kuba nako ukukhusela njengoko kuthethwa kuyo.
- IiJoules azizona zonke izinto. Qinisekisa ukuba uqwalasela ngokubini i-volmping voltage and response response time.
- Musa ukukhupha ukukhusela abakhuseli kunye nabanye abakhuseli bokukhusela, kunye / okanye amanqwanqwa emandla, kunye / okanye i-UPSes zokuthengisa ezinye. Uqhuba umngcipheko wokukhupha umthwalo wokujikeleza izijikelezi zombane zendlu, ukutshabalalisa umlilo, kunye / okanye ukuvalela iwaranti yomkhuseli.
- Abakhuseli bokukhusela baya kugqithisa ngokukhawuleza ngexesha elizeleyo kwaye abayi kubakho ngaso sonke isikhathi xa kukho indawo efunekayo. Akukho mqathango osiweyo wesithupha, ngaphandle kokuba yinto efanelekileyo yokuthenga abakhuseli abatsha abasemva emva kokuba abantu abadala benzile umsebenzi wabo (okt ukuba indawo yakho inobungozi / engafanelekiyo kummandla wendawo yamandla, ukuguqulwa kwamandla amakhulu, ukuguqulwa kwamandla okutshintsha / ukuhluleka , ukukhanya kwembane, njl.)