Abafundi, abaqeqeshi bezonxibelelwano, abasebenzi bezentsebenziswano kunye nabani na abanomdla kwi-teknoloji yesiseko yamanethiwekhi ekhompyutheni banokuzuza ngokufunda okungakumbi malunga nomzekelo wenethiwekhi ye-OSI . Imodeli yindawo efanelekileyo yokuqala yokuqonda iibhloko zokwakha zeekhomputha zeekhomputha ezifana nokutshintsha , ii-routers kunye neeprosoft protocol .
Nangona amanxibelelwano anamhlanje elandela ngokukhawuleza iindibano ezibekwe ngumzekelo we-OSI, ukufana okwaneleyo kubakho ukuba luncedo.
01 ngo 04
Ziziphi ezinye izixhobo ezikhuselayo zokukhumbula imifanekiso ye-OSI?
Abafundi ukufunda i-intanethi bahlala bebunzima ukukhumbula ngegama lolohlu ngalunye lwe-OSI yenethiwekhi yesimo ngokuchanekileyo. I-OSI mnemonics zezivakalisi apho igama ngalinye liqala ngolu hlobo olufanayo njengoluhlu olulinganayo lwe-OSI. Umzekelo, Bonke Abantu Abonakala Bakudinga Ukwaziswa Kweedatha "ngumnumzana oqhelekileyo xa ubukela umzekelo womnatha ophezulu ukuya kwizantsi, kwaye Nceda Ungayeki I-Pizza Away iyaqhelekileyo kwenye indawo.
Ukuba le ngasentla ayikuncedi, zama enye yale minye i-mnemonics ukukunceda ukuba uyikhumbuze ngeenjongo zeempawu ze-OSI. Ukusuka ngaphantsi:
- Abaqulunqanga abazange balahle i-Pretzels kude
- Abantu abayidingi Ukubona uPaul Abdul
- Abantu Bakudinga Kakhulu Ukujonga u-Pamela Anderson
- Nceda Ungawuchukumisi indawo yecala le-Private Superman
- Nceda Ungachukumisi i-Samsung Ifowuni yesicelo sakho
- Nceda ungaxeleli abantu abathengisayo nayiphi na into
- Nceda Ungathembeli Iimpendulo Zabantu
- U-Paula wayenxibelelana ngeNethiwekhi kuze kube yilapho ehamba
Ukususela phezulu:
- IThekhnoloji elula ngokugqibeleleyo ixiliswe phantsi kweMpilo
02 we 04
Yiyiphi iProducts Data Data (PDU) eqeshwe kwisiqendu ngasinye?
Idatha yokuthutha iiphakheji yedatha zibe ngamacandelo okusetyenziswa ngocingo lweNethiwekhi.
Idatha yokubeka ipakethi yedatha kwiipakethi ukuze isetyenziswe ngumgca we-Link Link. (IProtokholi ye-Intanethi, umzekelo, isebenza ngeepakethi ze-IP.)
Idatha yeekhonkco zeekhonkco zedatha kwiifayile ezisetyenziselwa uluhlu lwendalo. Olu luhlu luqulethwe ngabalayini ababini be-Logical Link Control (LCC) kunye ne-Media Access Control (MAC).
Umgca wezinto eziphathekayo uhlela idatha kwiibits , i-bitstream yokudluliselwa kwi-media media.
03 we 04
Ziziphi iindawo ezenza ukufunyanwa kwephutha kunye nemisebenzi yokubuyisela?
Uluhlu lwekhonkco lweDatha lwenza ukufunyanwa kwephutha kwiipakethi ezingenayo. IiNethiwekhi zivame ukusebenzisa i-cyclic redundancy check (CRC) i-algorithms yokufumana idatha engonakali kweli nqanaba.
I zithuthi Uluhlu lulawula ukubuyiswa kwephutha. Ekugqibeleni liqinisekisa ukuba idatha ifunyenwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ikhululekile inkohlakalo.
04 we 04
Ngaba kukho enye imifanekiso kumzekelo wenethiwekhi ye-OSI?
Imodeli ye-OSI yahluleka ukuba ngumgangatho wehlabathi jikelele ngenxa yokumkelwa kweTCP / IP . Esikhundleni sokulandela imodeli ye-OSI ngokuthe ngqo, i-TCP / IP ichaza enye indawo yokwakha izakhiwo ezineekhethi ezine kuneendawo ezisixhenxe. Ukusuka ngaphantsi ukuya phezulu:
- Ukufikelela kwiNethwekhi
- Zothutho
- Msebenzi we-Intanethi
- Isicelo
Umzekelo we-TCP / IP emva koko wahlulwa ukuhlula ulwahlulo lokuThuthuka kweNethiwekhi kwiindawo ezihlukeneyo zoMzimba kunye neNgcaciso zeDatha, okwenza imodeli emihlanu yokubeka endaweni yesine.
Ezi ziqulatho zeMpawu zePhysical and Data zihambelana ngqo neendlela ezifanayo 1 no-2 ze-OSI. ImiSebenzi ye-Intanethi kunye nezoThutho ziyahambelana ngokulandelanayo kwiNethiwekhi (uluhlu lwesithathu) kunye nezoThutho (iingcingo ze-4) ze-OSI.
Uluhlu lwesicelo se-TCP / IP, nangona kunjalo, luyahluka ngakumbi kwi-OSI. Kwi-TCP / IP, loluhlu olulodwa luqhuba imisebenzi yazo zonke iindidi eziphezulu eziphezulu kwi-OSI (iSession, Presentation, kunye nesicelo).
Ngenxa yokuba umzekelo we-TCP / IP wagxila kwi-subset encinci yeprotocol ukuxhasa kune-OSI, i-architecture ijoliswe ngokukodwa kwiimfuno zayo kunye nokuziphatha kwayo akuhambelani ngokuthe ngqo kunye ne-OSI kwimiqathango yegama elinye.