Indlela yokutshintsha i-intanethi iqhathaniswa nama-hubs kunye nee-routers
Utshintsho lomnatha luyinkqubo encinci ye- hardware ebeka ingxoxo phakathi kwezixhobo ezininzi ezixhunyiwe kwintanethi yendawo yendawo (LAN) .
Izixhobo zokutshintshwa kwe- Ethernet ezizimeleyo zaziqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa kumanethiwekhi asekhaya iminyaka emininzi ngaphambi kokuba i- router ekhaya ibonakale ithandwa. Iimodare zasekhaya zanamhlanje zihlanganisa ukutshintsha kwe-Ethernet ngokuthe ngqo kwiyunithi njengomnye wemisebenzi yabo eyintloko.
Utshintshi olusenyakatho lwentsebenziswano lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumanethiwekhi enkampani kunye needatha. Ngezinye izihlandlo zokutshintsha iiNethwekhi zibizwa ngokuba ziguqula ii-hubs, i-hurid bridging okanye i-MAC ibhuloji.
Malunga noTshintsho lweNethwekhi
Ngoxa ukutshintsha amandla akhoyo kwiintlobo ezininzi zamanethiwekhi amaninzi kuquka i- ATM , i- Fiber Channel kunye ne- Token Ring , ukutshintsha kwe-Ethernet luhlobo oluqhelekileyo.
Ukutshintsha okuqhelekileyo kwe-Ethernet njengabo bangaphakathi kwimizila yee-broadband yokuxhasa i- Gigabit Ethernet ngesivinini ngasinye kwisixhumanisi ngasinye, kodwa ukutshintsha okuphezulu ukusebenza njengamaziko eenkcukacha ngokuqhelekileyo kuxhasayo i-10 Gbps nganye ngekhonkco.
Imizekelo eyahlukeneyo yokutshintshela ukusetyenziswa kwenethiwekhi ehlukeneyo yeefowuni ezixhunyiwe. Ukutshintsha kweekhontrakthi zeteknoloji zabathengi kunikezela uxhumano lwesine okanye lwesibhozo kumadivaysi e-Ethernet, ngelixa utshintshi lwentsebenziswano luxhase ngokubanzi phakathi ko-32 no-128.
Ukutshintshwa kunokunxibelelana ngokuxhomekeke komnye nomnye, indlela yokwenza izinto ezinokuzenzekelayo ukuze ungeze inani elincinci leenkcukacha kwi-LAN.
Ukutshintshwa kunye nokungalawulwa kweShintsho
Utshintsho olusisiseko lwenethiwekhi njengalezo ezisetyenziselwa kubasebenzisi beemodare zifuna ukucwangciswa okhethekileyo ngaphaya kokungena kwizixhobo kunye namandla.
Ukuqhathaniswa nale mijelo engalawulwayo, izixhobo eziphakamileyo ezisetyenziselwa kumanethiwekhi omashishini zixhasa iinkalo eziphambili ezilungiselelwe ukulawulwa ngumlawuli wezakhono. Iinkalo eziphambili zeenguqu ezilawulwayo ziquka ukubeka iliso lwe- SNMP , ukudibanisa i-aggregation kunye ne- QoS inkxaso.
Ukutshintshwa kwendlela yokuziphatha eyenziwe ukuba kulawulwe kwii-Unix-style style interfaces. Uhlobo olutsha lweenguqu ezilawulwayo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-smart switches, ezijoliswe kumanethiwekhi e-enter-level nakwi-midrange, ukuxhasa inkxaso-web-based interfaces efana ne-router ekhaya.
Utshintshi lweeNethiwekhi kunye neeHobs kunye neeRotters
Utshintsho lomnatha lufana nomnatha wenethiwekhi . Ngokungafani nama-hubs, nangona kunjalo, iitshintshi zentambo ziyakwazi ukuhlola imiyalezo engenayo njengoko zifunyenwe kwaye ziwaqondise kwi- port ephathekayo-iteknoloji ebizwa ngokuba yi- packet switching .
Umtshini ubeka iidilesi zendawo kunye neendawo zokuya kwipakethi nganye kwaye idlulisele idatha kuphela kwiidivaysi ezithile, ngelixa iiplanga zihambisa iipakethi kuzo zonke izibuko ngaphandle kweyayifumana isithuthi. Isebenza ngale ndlela ukuze igcine i- bandwidth yenethwekhi kwaye ngokubanzi iphucule ukusebenza ngokuthelekiswa nama-hubs.
Utshintsho lufana neendlela zokuhamba. Ngethuba i-routers kwaye ishintshela zombini ukudibanisa izixhobo zendawo zendawo, ii-routers kuphela ziqule inkxaso yokuxhuma kwiinkonzo zangaphandle, okanye amanethiwekhi angaphandle okanye i-intanethi.
Uluhlu 3 Utshintshile
Iitshintshi zokunxibelelana kweeNethiwekhi zisebenza kwiCandelo 2 loLwazi lweNgcaciso lwe- OSI . Utshintshi lwe-3 oludibanisa i-logic ye-hardware ye-logic kunye ne-routers kwisisombululo se-hybride kwakhona sele isetyenziswe kumanethiwekhi athile.
Ukuqhathaniswa nemitshintshi yendabuko, ukutshintsha kwe-Layer 3 kunika inkxaso engcono kwi-LAN (VLAN).