Ukuqonda le mithetho ebalulekileyo kuyimfuneko kubani na oyila isiphaluka, i-electronics, okanye inkqubo yombane.
Imithetho Yesekethe YesiSeko
Imithetho esemiselweyo yeesekethe zombane igxininise kwiiparitha zesekethe ezisisiseko, umbane, ngoku, amandla, nokuchasene, kwaye uchaze indlela ezidibana ngayo. Ngokungafaniyo nolunye ulwalamano oluxakeke ngakumbi kwi-electronics kunye namafomula, ezi zinto ziseko zisetyenziselwa rhoqo, ukuba kungengomhla, isiseko, nabani na osebenza ngekhompyutha. Le mithetho yafunyanwa nguGeor Ohm noGustav Kirchhoff kwaye yaziwa ngokuba yi-Ohms umthetho kunye nemithetho kaKirchhoff.
I-Ohms Law
Umthetho ogqithiseleyo ubuhlobo phakathi kwamandla, ukuhamba kunye nokuchasene kwisiphaluka kwaye yinto eqhelekileyo (kunye neyona elula) ifom ye-elektroniki. I-Ohms umthetho ithi i-current flow flowing through resistance is equal to the power of resistance against the resistance (I = V / R). Umthetho ogqithisileyo ungabhalwa ngeendlela ezininzi, zonke ezo zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo. Umzekelo - I-voltage ilingana nekhoyo ngoku ihamba ngexesha lokuxhatshazwa kwayo (V = IR) kunye nokuxhatshazwa kuyafana ne-voltage kwi-resistor ehlukaniswe yile yangoku ehamba ngayo (R = V / R). Umthetho osisigxina nawo uncedo ekuqaliseni ubungakanani bombane isekethe isebenzise ukususela kumandla wesiphaluka ulingana nekhoyo ngoku kuhamba ngeexesha ngamandla (P = IV). Umthetho ongasetyenzisiweyo unokusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa umbane wesiphaluka ngexesha elide nje ezimbini kwiimpawu ze-ohms ziyaziwa ngeesekethe.
Umthetho we-Ohms umgaqo onamandla kakhulu kwi-electronics, ngokukodwa ekubeni iisekethe ezininzi zingenziwa lula, kodwa umthetho wama-ohms ubalulekile kuwo onke amanqanaba omsebenzi wesiphaluka kunye ne-electronics. Esinye sezicelo ezisisiseko se-Ohms umthetho kunye nobudlelwane bamandla kukubona ukuba amandla angaphunyezwa njani njengotshisa kwicandelo. Ukukwazi oku kubalulekileyo ukwenzela ukuba icandelo lesayizi elungileyo kunye nokulinganiswa kwamandla okhethekileyo likhethiwe kwisicelo. Umzekelo xa ukhetha u- anti- oh ohm wokhuselo lomphezulu oza kubona i-volts yesi-5 ngexesha lokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, uyazi ukuba kuya kufuneka kudibaniswe (P = IV => P = (V / R) * V => P = (5volts ^ 2) / 50ohms) =. 5 watts) ½ i-Watt xa ibona ama-volt 5 kuthetha ukuba ukuchasana kunye nokuphakama kwamandla angaphezu kwama-0.5 watts kufuneka kusetyenziswe. Ukukwazi ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwiinkqubo kukuvumela ukwazi ukuba xa kunokongezwa imiba ye-thermal okanye ukupholisa, kwaye kufuneka usebenzise ubungakanani bokunikezelwa kwamandla kwinkqubo.
Kirchhoff & # 39; s IiMithetho yeeTeksi
Umthetho we-Tying Ohms kunye kunye neenkqubo ezipheleleyo zeedolophu zikaKirchhoff. I-Current Current Law kaKirchhoff ilandela umgaqo wokulondolozwa kwamandla kwaye ichaza ukuba isisonke sazo zonke ezikhoyo zihamba kwi-node (okanye kwinqanaba) kwisiphaluka lilingana nesingqinisiso sokuhamba kwamanzi apha. Umzekelo olula weNkqubo yangoku yeKirchhoff yindlela yokubonelela amandla kunye nesiphaluka esisisigxina kunye nabaxhatshali abaninzi. Enye yee-nodes zesiphaluka yilapho bonke abachasayo badibanisa nokunikezelwa kwamandla. Kule node, ukunikezelwa kwamandla kubonelela kwangoku kwi-node kwaye yangoku ikhoyo ikwahlula phakathi kwabaxhatshazi kwaye iphuma kuloo node nakwabaxhasi.
I-Voltage ye-Kirchhoff ye-Voltage Law iphinda ilandele umgaqo wokulondolozwa kwamandla kwaye ithi i-sum of all voltages kwisigxina esipheleleyo sesiphaluka kufuneka ilingane. Ukwandisa umzekelo wangaphambili wesibonelelo samandla kunye nabaxhatshazi baninzi ngokufanayo phakathi kokunikezelwa kwamandla kunye nomhlaba, umtshini ngamnye wonikezelo lwamandla, umxhatshazo, nomhlaba ubona umbane ofanayo kumzabalazo ukususela kuba kukho enye into ekhuselekileyo. Ukuba i-loop yayine-set of resistors in chungechunge i-voltage kuwo wonke umzabalazo uya kuhlulwa ngokwemiqathango yomthetho we-Ohms.