I-teknoloji yebhetri yemoto isebenza njani?
Ikhokeli kunye ne-asidi zizinto ezimbini abantu abaninzi abazi kakuhle ngokwaneleyo ukuphepha. Inkokeli yinto enzima enokuthi ibangele uluhlu olupheleleyo lohlamba lweengxaki zempilo, kwaye i-asidi, kakuhle, i-asidi. Ukuthethwa nje kwegama kudibanisa imifanekiso yeengqungquthela eziluhlaza kunye neengqungquthela eziluhlaza.
Kodwa njengetshokolethi kunye nebhokisi ibhotela, i-lead kunye ne-asidi ayiyi kubonakala ihamba kunye, kodwa yenza. Ngaphandle kwesikhokelo kunye ne-asidi, asiyi kuba neebhetri zeemoto, kwaye singenawo amabhethri emoto, asiyi kuba neencedisi zanamhlanje-okanye iimfuno ezisisiseko, njengezibane zentloko- ezifuna ukuba inkqubo yombane isebenze. Ngoko ke, njani, ezi zinto zibulalayo zihlanganisene ukuze zenze isiseko esomeleleyo seenkqubo zeekhompyutheni? Impendulo, ukuboleka umjikelo webinzana, isisiseko.
INzululwazi yokugcina amandla oMbane
Iibhetri zombane ziphela izitya zokugcina ezikwazi ukugcina intlawulo yombane ize ikhuphe umthwalo. Ezinye iibhetri ziyakwazi ukuvelisa i-current current electrical components kwizinto zazo ezisisiseko ngokukhawuleza xa zihlanganisiwe. Ezi iibhetri zibizwa ngokuba ngamabhetri eziphambili , kwaye zihlala zilahliwe xa ikhefu liphelile. Iibhetri zeemoto zixhamle kwiqela elithile lebhetri lombane onokuhlawulwa, ukukhutshwa, kwaye uvuselelwe kwakhona. Ezi bhetri zesekondari zisebenzisa ukuphendulwa kwamakhemikhali okubuyiselwayo okungafani noluhlobo oluthile lwebhethri etshayileyo kwenye.
Ngokwemigaqo abantu abaninzi abanokuyiqonda ngokulula, iAA okanye iAAA ibhetri oyithengayo kwisitoreji, bamba ekulawuleni kwakho kude, kwaye ulahleke xa befa yiibhetri eziphambili. Zihlangene, ngokuqhelekileyo zivela kwi-zinc-carbon okanye zinc kunye nama-manganese dioxide, kwaye ziyakwazi ukubonelela ngoku ngaphandle kokuhlawulwa. Xa befa, ubagxotha-okanye uzilahle kakuhle, ukuba ukhetha.
Ewe, unokuthenga ezo zixhobo ezifanayo zeAA okanye zeAAA kwifomu "ehlawulelwayo" ebiza ngaphezulu. Le mabhethri ahlaziyiweyo asebenzisa i-nickel-cadmium okanye i-nickel-metal hydride cells. Ngokungafani neebhetri zamasiko, i-NiCd kunye ne-NiMH ibhethri ayinako ukubonelela ngokukhoyo umthwalo phezu kwendibano. Endaweni yoko, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kagesi kusetyenziswa iiseli, okubangela ukuphendulwa kwamakhemikhali ngaphakathi kwebhetri. Uya kubambelela ibhetri ekulawuleni kwakho kude, kwaye xa ifa, uyifaka kwisitya kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwexesha langoku kuguqula inkqubo yeekhemikhali eyenziwa ngexesha lokukhutshwa.
Iibhetri zeemoto, ezisebenzisa i-lead kunye ne-sulfuric acid esikhundleni se-nickel oxyhydroxide kunye ne-alloy-absorbing alloy, zifana neebhetri ze-NiMH ekusebenzeni. Xa ikhoyo yombane isetyenziswe kwibhetri, kwenzeka ukukhishwa kwamakhemikhali, kunye nentlawulo yombane igcinwa. Xa umthwalo uqhagamshelwe kwibhetri, loo mpendulo iyabuya, kunye nekhoyo ngoku kunikwa umthwalo.
Ukugcina I-Energy With Lead and Acid
Ukuba usebenzisa i-lead kunye ne-asidi ukugcina intlawulo yombane izandi u-archaic, kunjalo. Ibhetri ye-lead-acid yokuqala yaqulunqwa ngo-1850, kwaye ibhetri kwimoto yakho isebenzisa imigaqo-siseko efanayo. Ukuyila kunye nezinto eziye zaguqukela kule minyaka, kodwa enye ingcamango eyisiseko edlala.
Xa ibhetri ye-acid-lead ikhutshwa, i-electrolyte iba yisisombululo esilula kakhulu se-sulfuric acid-ithetha ukuba ininzi ye-H20 ye-H20 kunye ne-H2SO4 ejikeleza kuyo. Amacwecwe ahamba phambili, afake i-acid ye-sulfuric, ngokuyinhloko aholele i-sulfate. Xa i-current current isetyenziswe kwibhetri, le nkqubo iyajika. Iipulati ze-sulphate ezikhokelayo zijikelele (ngokuphindaphindiweyo) zibuye zikhokele phambili, kwaye isisombululo esiluhlanjululwayo sulfuric acid sisanda ngakumbi.
Le ndlela ayiyona ndlela efanelekileyo yokugcina amandla kagesi, ngokubhekiselele kwindlela ezinkulu kunye nelikhulu iiseli zithelekiswa nomlinganiselo wamandla azigcina, kodwa iibhetri ze-lead-acid zisetyenziswa namhlanje ngezizathu ezibini. Eyokuqala yimiba yoqoqosho; Iibhetri ze-acid-lead zibiza kakhulu ukuvelisa kunanoma yintoni enye inketho. Esinye isizathu kukuba iibhetri ze-acid-lead ziyakwazi ukubonelela ngexabiso elikhoyo kwiimfuno zamanje kanye, okwenza kube yinto ekhethekileyo yokusebenzisa njengamaqala amabhetri.
Uluhlu Lwenu Lwenu?
Iibhetri zemizi yemveli ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba ngamabhethri e-SLI , apho "i-SLI" imele ukuqala, ukukhanyisa kunye nokutshaya. Esi sibonakaliso sibonisa iinjongo eziphambili zebhethri yemoto kakuhle, njengoko umsebenzi owona mkhulu webhethri yemoto ukuqhuba imoto yokuqala, izibane, kunye nokutshaya phambi kokuba injini isebenza. Emva kokuba injini isebenza, enye i-alternator inikezela onke amandla ombane, kwaye ibhetri iyazaliswa.
Olu hlobo lokusetyenziswa luhlobo olungajulile lomjikelezo womsebenzi, kuba lukhupha i-short amount of current amount, kwaye yileyiphi ibhetri yemoto eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukwenza. Ngaloo nto ingqondweni, iibhetri zamabhasi zanamhlanje ziqulethi zincinci ezincinci zesikhokelo, ezivumela inani elikhulu lokungena kwi-electrolyte, kwaye linika ithuba elifanelekileyo lokufumana ixesha elifutshane. Olu luyilo luyimfuneko ngenxa yeemfuneko ezikhoyo zamanzi eziqalayo.
Ngokuphambene nokuqala amabhetri, iibhetri ezijikelezayo zenye ibhetri ye-lead-acid eyenzelwe "umjikelo". Uqwalaselo lwamacwecwe alufani, ngoko alufanelekanga ukubonelela ngokukhululeka kwemfuneko yangoku. Kunoko, zenzelwe ukubonelela amandla angaphantsi kwexesha elide. Umjikelezo "unzulu" kuba lide, kunokuba ngenxa yokukhutshwa komhlaba wonke kukukhulu. Ngokungafani nokuqala iibhetri, ezizaliswa ngokuzenzekelayo emva kokusetyenziswa kwazo , iibhetri ezijikelezayo zingaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza-kwindawo ekhuselekileyo-ngaphambi kokuba ibuyiswe kwakhona. Njengokuqala iibhetri, umjikelezo ojikiweyo we-acid acid ibhetri akufanele ikhutshwe ngaphantsi kwinqanaba eliphakanyisiweyo ukukhusela umonakalo ongunaphakade.
Iiphakheji ezahlukileyo, iTheknoloji efanayo
Nangona iteknoloji eyisiseko emva kweebhetri ze-lead-acid ehlala ingaphezulu okanye iphantsi kwayo, ukuqhubela phambili kwezixhobo kunye nobuchule kubangele ukuhlukahluka kwamanani. Iibhetri ezijikelezayo, ngokuqinisekileyo, sebenzisa ukucwangciswa kwesebe eyahlukeneyo ukuvumela umjikelezo womsebenzi onzulu. Ezinye iintlobo zithatha izinto ngakumbi.
Iprojekthi enkulu yeyona ndlela yikhokhnoloji ye-battery-acid isele ibe yi-valve-controlled acid acid (VRLA). Basasebenzisa i-acid kunye ne-sulfuric acid, kodwa "azinamanzi," amangqamuzana amanzi. Kunoko, basebenzisa i-cell gel okanye i-glass matt (AGM) ye-electrolyte. Inkqubo yeekhemikhali iyafana kwinqanaba eliyisiseko, kodwa ezi bhetri azixhomekeke kwi-off-gassing ezifana neebhetri zeseli ezikhukhulayo, kwaye azinako ukuhlaselwa xa kuqubuka.
Nangona iibhetri ze-VRLA zinemivuzo emininzi, zibiza kakhulu ukuvelisa kunezixhobo zamabhetri eziqhelekileyo. Ngoko ngelixa i-teknoloji iyaqhubeka ihamba phambili, amathuba okuba uya kuqhuba ngokujikeleza nge-cutting edge 1860s kwezobuchwepheshe phantsi kwekhefu lakho ixesha elithile-ngaphandle kokuba uhambe ugesi. Kodwa yinto ehlukileyo yonke ngokwemibhobho.