Isingeniso kwi-Samba ye-Computer Networks

I-Samba yi- teknoloji yabaxhasi / iseva eyenza ukwabelana ngezixhobo zonxibelelwano kwiinkqubo zokusebenza. NgeSamba, iifayile kunye nabashicileli banokwabelwana ngazo kwiinkcukacha zeWindows, Mac kunye ne-Linux / UNIX.

Umsebenzi we-Samba wesiseko uvela ekuphunyezweni kwawo kwenkqubo yomyalezo weService Message (SMB). Umxhasi we-SMB kunye nenkxaso yecandelo le-server ihlawulelwa nazo zonke iinguqulelo zeMicrosoft Windows, ii-Linux, kunye ne-Apple Mac OSX. Isofthiwe evulekile inokufumaneka kwakhona kwi-samba.org. Ngenxa yokungafani kobugcisa phakathi kwale nkqubo yokusebenza, iteknoloji iyinzululwazi.

Yiyiphi i-Samba enokuyenza kuwe

I-Samba ingasetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Kwi- intranet okanye nakwezinye iintanethi zangasese, umzekelo, izicelo ze-Samba zingadlulisela iifayile phakathi kwiseva ye Linux kunye nabaxhasi be-Windows okanye i-Mac (okanye i-vice versa). Nabani usebenzisa i-Web server eqhuba i- Apache kunye ne-Linux unokuqwalasela ukusebenzisa iSamba esikhundleni se- FTP ukulawula umxholo wewebhu kwiWebhu kude. Ngaphandle kokudluliselwa okulula, iiklayenti ze-SMB nazo zinokwenza iifayile ezikude.

Indlela yokusebenzisa i-Samba esuka kwi-Windows kunye ne-Linux Clients

Abasebenzisi beWindows bavame ukuqhuba imephu yokuqhuba ukwabelana ngeefayile phakathi kweekhomputha. Ngeenkonzo ze-Samba ezisebenza kwi-Linux okanye kwi-Unix iseva, abasebenzisi beWindows bangasebenzisa amathuba afanayo ukufikelela kwezo fayile okanye abaphrinta. Izabelo ze-Unix zingafikelela kwiinkqubo zabaxhasi beWindows ngokusebenzisa i- Windows Explorer , i- Network Neighborhood , ne- Internet Explorer .

Ukukwabelana kwedatha kwindlela eyahlukileyo isebenza ngokufanayo. I-Unix program smbclient isekela ukuphequlula nokuxhuma kwizabelo zeWindows. Umzekelo, ukuxhuma kwi-C $ kwikhompyutheni yeWindows egama lingu louiswu, thayipha oku kulandelayo kwi-Unix umyalelo we-command

smbclient \\\\ louiswu \\ c $ -Ugama lomsebenzisi

apho igama lomsebenzisi igama elivumelekileyo le-akhawunti ye-Windows NT. (I-Samba iya kuhambisa iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti xa kuyimfuneko.)

I-Samba isebenzisa iindlela zoNxibelelwano lwe-Universal Naming (UNC) ekubhekiselele kwimikhosi yenethiwekhi. Ngenxa yokuba iinqununu ze-unix zamagama ngokuqhelekileyo ziguqulela abalinganiswa be-backslash ngendlela ekhethekileyo, khumbula ukuthayipha i-backplashes ashicilelwe ngasentla xa usebenza noSamba.

Indlela yokusebenzisa i-Samba kwi-Apple Mac Clients

Ukwabelana ngeFayile kwiSabelo Iifowuni zeMic Preference System yenza ukuba ufumane iWindows kunye namanye amakhasimende eSamba. U-Mac OSX ngokuzenzekelayo uzama ukufikelela kula bathengi nge-SMB aze abuyele kwezinye iiprotokthi xa iSamba ingasebenzi. Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe vetshe ubone indlela Yokuxhuma kunye neFayile yokwabelana kwi-Mac yakho.

Izidingo zokulungiselela iSamba

Kwi-Microsoft Windows, iinkonzo ze-SMB zakhiwe kwiinkonzo zenkqubo yokusebenza. Inkonzo yenethwekhi yomncedisi (ekhoyo ngePlay Panel / Network, Services tab) inikezela ngenkxaso ye-SMB isevisi ngelixa inkonzo yenethwekhi yomsebenzi ihlinzeka ngenkxaso yabaxhasi be-SMB, Qaphela ukuba i-SMB nayo ifuna i- TCP / IP ukuze isebenze.

Kwi-server ye Unix, iinkqubo ezimbini ze-daemon, i-smbd, kunye ne-nmbd, unikezela yonke imisebenzi yeSamba. Ukuchonga ukuba ngaba i-Samba isebenza ngoku, kwi-Unix umyalelo we-prompt type

i-ax ax | grep mbd | Kaninzi

kwaye uqinisekise ukuba zombini i-smbd kunye ne-nmbd ibonakala kwinkqubo yenkqubo.

Qala kwaye umise iidemoni ze-Samba ngendlela eqhelekileyo ye-Unix:

/etc/rc.d/init.d/smb qalisa /etc/rc.d/init.d/smb ayeke

I-Samba isekela ifayile yokuqwalasela, i-smb.conf. Imodeli ye-Samba ngokwenza ngokwezifiso iinkcukacha ezifana namagama abelanayo, iindlela zokulawula, ukulawula ukufikelela, kunye nokungena ngemvume kuquka ukuhlela le fayili yombhalo kunye nokuqalisa kwakhona iidemon. I-smd.conf encinci (ngokwaneleyo ukwenza iseva ye Unix ibonakale kwinethiwekhi) ibonakala ngathi

; Inkcazo / encane /etm/smd.conf [yehlabathi] yeendwendwe iakhawunti = iqela lokusebenzela eliqhelekileyo = INETGROUP

Abanye Bafuna Ukuqwalasela

I-Samba isekela inketho yokubethela iiphasiwedi, kodwa le nto ingasuswa kwezinye iimeko. Xa usebenza neikhomputha ezixhunyiwe kwiinkanki ezingakhuselekanga, qaphela ukuba iiphasiwedi ezibhalwe ngokucacileyo xa zisebenzisa i-smbclient zinokubonakala lula ngethungelwano lwe - network .

Igama lemibuzo yokutya iyakwenzeka xa udlulisela iifayile phakathi kwe Unix kunye ne-Windows khompyutha. Ngokukodwa, amagama eefayile afakwe kwimeko exubileyo kwifayile yefayile ye-Windows ingaba ngamagama kuwo onke amancinci xa ekopishwa kwi-Unix system. Iifayile ezide kakhulu zingaphinde zithathwe ngamagama amfutshane kuncike kwiifayile ezifayile (umzekelo, iWindows FAT endala) isetyenziswa.

Unix kunye neenkqubo zeWindows ziphumeza ukuphela komgca (i-EOL) iindibano zeefayile ze ASCII ezahlukeneyo. IWindows isebenzisa ukulandelelana kokulandelelana kwezinto ezimbini zokubuya kwendlela / i-linefeed (CRLF), kanti i-Unix isebenzisa kuphela umlingisi omnye (i-LF). Ngokungafani nephayiphu yase Unix, i-Samba ayenzi ukuguqulwa kwe-EOL ngexesha lokudluliswa kwefayili. Ifayile ye-Unix yombhalo (njengamaphepha e-HTML) ibonakala njengomgca omnye womde omnye wecatshulwa xa udluliselwa kwikhompyutha ye-Windows kunye ne-Samba.

Isiphelo

I-teknoloji ye-Samba ikhona iminyaka engaphezu kwe-20 kwaye iyaqhubeka iphuhliswa ngeenguqulelo ezintsha ezikhutshwe rhoqo. Izicelo ezimbalwa zeekhompyutha ziye zazinandipha ubomi obude obude luncedo. Ukuxhaswa kwe-Samba kukufakazela inxaxheba yayo njengeteknoloji ebalulekileyo xa isebenza kumanethiwekhi amaninzi afaka ii-Linux okanye ii-Unix. Nangona i-Samba ayisoze ibe yinknoloji ebalulekileyo ukuba umthengi oqhelekileyo kufuneka aqonde, ulwazi lwe-SMB kunye ne-Samba luncedo kubaqeqeshi be-IT kunye nezentengiselwano.