Xa yakho ikhamera ye-smartphone ayanele, ikhamera ye-DSLR inokuphelela
Ngamanye amaxesha, ifowuni yakho yefowuni ayanele ngokwaneleyo kwisithombe sakho. Unokufuna ukunyuka kwi- khamera ye-DSLR endaweni okanye, ubuncinci, unesandla esisodwa kwimoto. Xa uyayazi indlela yokusebenzisa izicwangciso zekhamera ze-DSLR, uya kukwazi ukuthatha iibhotshi ezihamba phambili kwiimeko ezithile.
Ukusebenzisa imodeli yekhamera ye-DSLR ingabonakala ngathi yinto enzima kodwa ikhamera enkulu yokuhamba nayo. Kule ndlela, ikhamera inika umsebenzisi ngokupheleleyo ukulawula zonke izicwangciso, kwaye kukho imali enokuthi uyikhumbule. Kodwa ukuba usebenze ngokusebenzisa i-mod-priority and moder-priority- modes, ke isinyathelo esilula ukuhamba kwinkqubo yokusebenzisa izicwangciso zekhamera.
Makhe sijonge kwiinkalo ezintathu eziphambili zokusebenzisa imodeli yenkqubo.
Ukuvula
I-Aperture ilawula umlinganiselo wokukhanya ongena kwikhamera ngokusebenzisa iris kwi lensi. Ezi xabiso zimelelwe "i-f-stops," kwaye ukuvuleka okukhulu kumelwe inombolo encinci. Ngoko, umzekelo, f / 2 yindawo enkulu kunye ne / f / 22 yinto encinane. Ukufunda malunga nokukhupha kuyinto ebalulekileyo yokupota.
Nangona kunjalo, ukukhupha kwakhona kulawula ubunzulu bentsimi. Ubunzulu bentsimi bubhekisela kumaninzi omfanekiso ojikelezayo kunye nesemva kwesihloko ekujoliswe kuyo. Ubuncinci bezentsimi zimelelwe ngenani elincinci, ngoko ke i-f2 iya kunika umfaki-zithombe ubuncinci bentsimi, ngelixa i-f / 22 yayiza kunika ubunzulu bentsimi.
Ubunzulu bendawo bubaluleke kakhulu kwiifoto, kwaye kufuneka kube yinto yezinto zokuqala ezibonwa ngumfaki-zithombe xa ekhiqiza ifoto. Ngokomzekelo, indawo ephambili yombhozo ayiyi kuba yinto enhle gqitha ukuba ubuncinci becala bendawo busetyenziswa ngengozi!
Ukukhawuleza kweShutter
Isivinini sokuvala silawula ukukhanya kokungena kwikhamera yakho kwisibuko-oko kukuthi, ngokusebenzisa umgodi kwikhamera, ngokuchasene nelensi.
I-DSLR ivumela abasebenzisi ukubeka isivinini se-shutter kwisistim se-1/4000 yesibini ukuya kumasekhondi angama-30 ... kunye nakwiimodeli "Ibhulo," evumela ukuba umfaki-zithombe ukuba agcine isivali sivulwe xa nje bekhetha.
Abafaki basebenzise imilinganiselo yokuvala ngokukhawuleza ukuze baqhelise isenzo , kwaye basebenzise isantya se- shutter esicothayo ebusuku ukuze vumele ukukhanya ngakumbi kwikhamera.
Le nto ngokucacileyo nje imizekelo emibini. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhawuleza kwevali yokuvalwa kuthetha ukuba abafaki-zithombe abayi kukwazi ukubamba iikhamera zabo kwaye baya kufuneka basebenzise i-tripod. Kuyamkelwa ngokubanzi ukuba i-1/60 yesibini iyona ijubane elincinci kunokuba likwazi ukubamba.
Ngoko, isivinini sokuvala ngokukhawuleza sivumela kuphela ukukhanya okuncinci kwikhamera, ngelixa i-shutter slow slower ivumela ukukhanya okukhulu kwikhamera.
ISO
I-ISO ibhekisela kuvelwano lwekhamera ekukhanyeni, kwaye ivela kwimifanekiso yefayili, apho imilinganiselo eyahlukileyo yefilimu yayinemvakalelo eyahlukileyo.
Izilungiselelo ze-ISO kwiikhamera zedijithali zihlala ukusuka kwi-100 ukuya kuma-6400. Izicwangciso ze- ISO eziphezulu zivumela ukukhanya okungakumbi kwikhamera, kwaye zivumela umsebenzisi ukuba adubule kwiimeko eziphantsi zokukhanya. Kodwa ukuhweba kukuthi, kwi-ISO ephezulu, umfanekiso uya kuqala ukubonisa ingxolo ebonakalayo kunye nengqolowa.
I-ISO imele ibe yinto yokugqibela oyitshintshayo, kuba ingxolo ayiyithandi! Shiya i-ISO yakho kwisimo sayo esiphantsi njengento engagqibekanga, iguqule kuphela xa kuyimfuneko.
Ukubeka yonke into kunye
Ngoko ke zonke ezi zinto ukukhumbula, kutheni ukudubula kwimodi yencwadi kukho konke?
Ewe, ngokuqhelekileyo kuzo zonke izizathu ezikhankanywe ngasentla - ufuna ukulawula ubunzulu bakho bendawo ngenxa yokuba udubula umhlaba , okanye ufuna ukukhangela isenzo, okanye ungafuni isandi kumfanekiso wakho. Yaye le mizekelo embalwa nje.
Njengoko uba ngumfanekiso wezithombe eziphambili, uya kufuna ukulawula ikhamera yakho. I-DSLR ihlakaniphile ngokuqinileyo, kodwa abahlala besazi ukuba uzama ukuthatha isithombe. Injongo yabo ephambili kukufumana ukukhanya okwaneleyo emfanekisweni, kwaye abahlali besazi ukuba yiyiphi into ozama ukuyifumana kwisithombe sakho.
Ngoko, yile mveliso yokukhumbuza: Ukuba uvumela ukukhanya okuninzi kwikhamera yakho ngokuvula, umzekelo, uya kufuna isivinini se-shutter esheshayo kunye ne-ISO ephantsi, ukuze umfanekiso wakho ungapheli- kuhleni. Okanye, ukuba usebenzisa isivinini se-shutter esicothayo, mhlawumbi kufuneka ufikelelo oluncinane njengoko i-shutter izakuvumela ukukhanya okuninzi kwikhamera. Emva kokuba unengcamango jikelele, unokukwazi ukubona izicwangciso ezahlukeneyo ofuna ukuyisebenzisa.
Ziziphi izicwangciso oya kuzifuna ngokwenene ziya kuxhomekeka ekunikeni ukukhanya okukhoyo. Ngokomzekelo, ndihlala e-UK, apho imozulu igugu, kwaye ndihlala ndikulwela ukufumana ukukhanya okwaneleyo kwikhamera yam. Ngokwahlukileyo ngokuthe ngqo, xa ndihlala eAfrika, ndandisoloko ndimele ndijonge ukukhutshwa kwangoko, kwaye kusetyenziswa ubuncinci bentsimi (kwaye ke ukuvula okukhulu) ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba ngumceli mngeni! Ayikho imimiselo yesethingi, ngelanga.
Ukufezekiswa kweZibonakaliso ezichanekileyo
Ngethamsanqa, ukwazi ukuba unobungozi obuchanekileyo aluxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo ekuqaliseni. Zonke ii-DSLR zineenkalo kunye ne-indicator level level. Oku kuya kumelwa zombini kwisibhengezo, nokuba mhlawumbi kwikrini yekhamera yeLCD okanye inkcenkca yangaphandle yesikrini (kuxhomekeke kwinto yokwenza kunye nomzekelo we-DSLR unayo). Uya kuyibona njengomgca ngeenombolo -2 (okanye -3) ukuya kwi +2 (okanye +3) ehamba kuyo.
Amanani amele ama-f-stops, kwaye kukho izikhalazo kumgca weetyala kwisithathu kwisigxina. Xa ubeke isivinini sakho se-shutter, ukuvula, kunye ne-ISO kwizinto ozifunayo, cofa iqhosha lokuvala kwaye ukhangele kule mgca. Ukuba ufunda inombolo enobungozi, ithetha ukuba uphendu lwakho luya kubonakala phantsi, kwaye inombolo enokuthi ibhekiselele ekuvezeni. Injongo kukufezekisa imilinganiselo "ye-zero", nangona ndivame ukungakhathazeki ukuba iyinto yesithathu yokuma okanye ngaphantsi kweli, njengoko ukufotowa kukuthobela iso lakho.
Ngoko, ukuba ibhentshi yakho iya kuba yinto engaphantsi kwebala, umzekelo, kuya kufuneka uvumeleke ngakumbi ukukhanya kwiphepu yakho. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisifundo somfanekiso wakho, unokugqiba isigqibo sokuba ngaba ulungele ukuvula okanye ukukhawuleza kwe-shutter ... okanye, njengesigqibo sokugqibela, ISO yakho.
Landela zonke ezi ngcebiso, kwaye ngokukhawuleza uza kuba nomoya opheleleyo wencwadi phantsi kolawulo!