Ingaba uceba ukudala i-podcast / newscast , ukurekhoda umculo, okanye ukuzonwabisa ngokuhlwa kwe karaoke ngaphakathi ekhaya , imakrofoni ethembekileyo inendima ebalulekileyo. Nangona ezininzi ii-microphone zinyamekela kwifomu eyaziwayo - kufana nokusingatha i-flashlight, ngaphandle kokuba i-end-shishini ibhale irekhodi yomsindo endaweni yokukhanyisa - unokufumana ukubonisa ubuchule obuncinane ngokubunjwa nobukhulu obuhlukeneyo. Kwaye kunye nezinye iindidi ze-teknoloji zanamhlanje, ii-microphone zingabonisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeempawu kunye nezixhobo ezincedo.
Ii-Microphones zithengiswa kuwo uluhlu olubanzi lwexabiso. Iimodeli ezinokungenakunceda zingabakho ngaphantsi kwama-US $ 50, ngelixa ixabiso elininzi (eliqhelekileyo liqwalaselwe ukusetyenziswa kobugcisa) lingabongeza ukuya kumawaka eedola. Eminye imizekelo eqhelekileyo ye-microphone:
- Iipateni ezingabodwa / ezininzi (indlela i-microphone ikhupha ngayo isandi ukuba ibhalwe)
- Ibhetri-inikwe amandla
- Ukurekhodwa ngombane / ongenazintambo
- Umthamo we-mic / inzuzo / ulawulo lokuxuba
- Iinketho zokuxhamla ezongezelelweyo
Nangona kukho ukhetho oluninzi olukhethiweyo, phantse yonke imakrofoni nganye iya kuhlaselwa kwenye yezinto ezimbini ezisisiseko: i-dynamic ne-condenser. Enye, uhlobo oluthile oluqhelekileyo onokuhlangabezana nalo ngumkhono webhande. Nangona nganye i-transducer eyenza umsebenzi ofanayo wokuqokelela kunye nokuthabatha isandi, iindlela zokudala iimpawu zecomputer zihluke kakhulu.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile zokurekhoda / imeko, enye inokuba yinto engcono kunomnye. Into enjalo, kunzima kakhulu ukuxelela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokuzijonga. Ngoko nantsi into omele uyazi.
01 ka 03
Microphone zeDynamic
Ngokuqhelekileyo unganxibelelana nokusebenza kwemikrofoni enamandla kwinto yesithethe (isithethi) , kodwa ngokutsha. Ngoko ngesithethi sendabuko, isignali yomsindo ihamba ukusuka kumthombo yonke indlela eya kwikhoyili yezwi, eqhotyoshelwe kwikhoni (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-diaphragm). Xa umbane (isignali yomsindo) ufinyelela kwikhoyili, insimu yamagnetic idalwe (umbane we-electromagnet), othe wadibanisa nomtsalane osisigxina osele emva kwekhoyili. Ukuguqulwa kwamandla kubangela ukuba izikhwebu zamagneti zitsalane kwaye zihlaziye, ziphoqelele ikhonkco eqhotyoshelweyo ukuba idudule phambili nangaphandle, oko kukuvelisa amaza omsindo esiwavelayo.
Ngenxa yoko, imakrofoni enamandla iphakamisa uxinzelelo oluvakalayo, olududuza i-cone kwaye lubangele ukuba izixhobo zamagnetic zisebenzisane, okubangele ukudala uphawu lwegesi. Enye inzuzo enkulu ye-microphones ezinamandla kukuba banokusebenza ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuthetha ukuba ungayisebenzisa ngaphandle kwesidingo samandla angaphandle, kuba ngoku okwenza umqondiso wesiphumo uveliswe kwisenzo se-electromagnetic. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye ii-microphones ezinamandla ezishukumisayo-ngokuqhelekileyo kumgangatho ophezulu kunye neendleko-ezifuna amandla ukuze zisebenze. Ngoko rhoqo qwalasela imveliso yokuqala.
Njengaye zithethi zendabuko, ii-microphones ezinamandla zihamba kakuhle ekusebenziseni imilinganiselo ephezulu kunye nobuchwephesha obuqingqiweyo kunye neyona nyaniso. Akunjalo nje kuphela ii-microphone ezinamandla (kodwa akunjalo njalo) ukwenza (oko kuvame ukubenza bafikeleleke ngakumbi), kodwa i-insides ye-elektroniki idla ngokugqithiseleyo kunokuba i-condenser counterparts. Oku kuthetha ukuba bayakwazi ukuthatha i-hit and handling handle-ideal for holding active in the hands versus it leaves it stand on a fixed stand. Kodwa gcinani engqondweni ukuba ukuhlala ngokubanzi kubangelwa ukwakhiwa komgangatho; nje ngokuba imakrofoni iyishukumisayo ayiqinisekisi ukuba yakhelwe ukugcina, makungabikho ngaphandle kwe-microphone ye-condenser.
Iimfono-mandla ezinamandla azixhomekekanga-kuninzi, kuba zinamanye amaxabiso aphezulu anokuhambisa iziphumo ezintle - njenge-microphone condenser. Oku kubangelwa ubunzima beemakethi kunye nekhoyili, evimbela ukuba i-cone isabela njani ngokukhawuleza kumaza omsindo (ngokukodwa ama-high frequencies, kuba abanalo igunya elininzi lokuhambisa ubunzima be-diaphragm). Nangona ngokuqinisekileyo umonakalo, kuxhomekeka, akusoloko kuyinto embi. Ukuvavanya okuncinci kunye nempendulo engapheliyo-mpendulo ngokubanzi kuthetha ukufumana iinkcukacha ezingaphantsi ezifakwe kwiirekhodi, kodwa ezibandakanya izandi ezingenanto / ezingafunekiyo.
Ngoko ukuba ufuna ukunciphisa uninzi lwezendalo kunye nengxolo yengingqi ejikelezileyo ngelixa urekhoda, imakrofoni enamandla ingaba yindlela yokuhamba. Kwakhona, ukuphendula okucothayo kwidonki kwenza iifowuni ezinamandla zikwazi ukuthabatha izandi zomsindo eziphantsi, ezinjengeidrama, igarari, i-cello, njalonjalo. Ukudibanisa nokukwazi ukusingatha imiqulu ephezulu, ii-microphones ezinamandla zikhethwa ukuba zikhethiweyo ezikhethiweyo zokurekhoda bukhoma kuneendawo zokurekhoda. Ngaphezulu kwayo yonke into, ubuzwe obuncinane bubhekiselele kumakhonkco echanekileyo lungcono ekuchaseni i-feedback feedback loops.
Nangona kunjalo, ezininzi ii-microphones ezinamandla zingongeza umbala ongabonakaliyo (ngezinye izihlandlo ezibizwa ngokuba ngumfudumalo) kwizandi ezirekhodwayo. Esi siphumo sinokubaluleka okanye singancinci, kuxhomekeke kwitshati kunye / okanye umgangatho wemakrofoni ngokwawo. Umntu akanakuboni okanye akhathalele, ngaphandle kokuba ukuchaneka kwesandi kubaluleke kakhulu. Kodwa kwezinye zeemeko, i-microphone ye-condenser ingaba yinto ekhethiweyo.
Iinkonzo:
Ayifuni amandla angaphandle kunye / okanye amabhetri
Ukuphatha ngokukhawuleza izandi eziphezulu / izandi
Ngokuqhelekileyo ifikeleleke kakhulu (kodwa akusoloko ityala)
Eyomelele ngakumbi kunokuba i-microphones condenser (ngokuqhelekileyo)
Efanelekileyo kwimimandla engaphandle yokurekhoda
Umgcini:
Ngokubanzi idinga ukukhulisa umgangatho wongezelelweyo (iziphumo ezingcono)
Akunjengobubele / abaphendulayo njenge-microphones (condenser microphone)
Ukuphendula ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuyahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeke kuyilo / isicelo
02 ka 03
Microphone Condenser
Unokwazi ukuxubusha ukusebenza kwe-microphone ye-condenser kwi-speaker ye-electrostatic, kodwa ngokutsha. Ngoko ngesithethi se-electrostatic, isalathisi esincinci sinqunyanyiswe phakathi kweentlobo ezimbini (ezikwaziwa nangokuthiwa ziimimiselo), ezixhunyiwe kwi-voltage supply. I-diaphragm yakhiwa ngezinto zokuqhuba umbane ukwenzela ukuba inokubamba i-charge engagqityiweyo kwaye idibanise (ukutsala kunye nokuphinda isetyenziswe ngamastimmagnetic field) kunye nezigridi. Iimpawu zomsindo (ngohlobo lombane) wamandla alinganayo kodwa ukugqithiswa okuphambene naso kuthunyelwa kwigridi nganye - ukuba enye igridi iqhube isithintelo, enye igridi idonsela ngamandla. Njengoko i-grids iyaguquka ukusuka kutshintsho kwi-voltage, i-diaphragm ihamba emva nangaphezulu, ekhokelela ekudaleni amaza omsindo esiwavelayo. Ngokungafani neemfowuni ezinamandla, i-condensers ayinalo na magnet.
Ngenxa yoko, i-microphone ye-condenser iphakamisa uxinzelelo oluvakalayo, oluhambisa umgama we-diaphragm ngokumalunga ne-grid (eyaziwa njenge-back back for microphone). Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamasimandla okombane kubangela ukutshintsha okwangoku, oko kukuguqulela kwisibonakaliso sokuphuma komsindo. Enye into ephawulayo kukuba ukuhlawulwa kwe-diaphragm kugcinwa ngumxhasi, oku kuthetha ukuba i-microphone ye-condenser ifuna amandla angaphandle (awaziwa ngokuba yi-phantom) ukusebenzisa (umz. Ngamabhethri okanye iintambo). Amandla nawo ayimfuneko kumasekethe okukhulisa amakrofoni - utshintsho okwangoku luncinci kakhulu ukuba lubhaliswe yizixhobo ezixhunyiwe ngaphandle kokuba kukho i-amplifier eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Njengoko izithethi ze-electrostatic, iinzuzo ezinkulu ze-microphone ze-condenser ziyakhuphula uvakalelo nokuphendula. Ngoyilo, i-diaphragm esincinci iyakwazi ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwiimpembelelo ezihambayo kunye / okanye ezikude ezijikelezayo. Esi sizathu sokuba i-microphone i-condenser ichaneke ngokukhethekileyo kwaye iyakwazi ukuthatha ukuqonda ngokucacileyo okucacileyo, eyenza ibe yinto efanelekileyo yokurekhoda kwe-high-fidelity - ngokukodwa ezibandakanya izandi kunye / okanye iirejista eziphezulu. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba i-electronics eyenzelwe ukuba isebenze, i-microphone ye-condenser ifunyenwe kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu kuneemfonofoni ezinamandla.
Nangona uvelwano oluphuculweyo lunokubonakala luyinto emnandi, kukho ezinye iingxaki. Ii-microphone ze-Condenser ziphantsi kokuphazamiseka, njengokuba zizama ukurekhoda izixhobo ezinkulu okanye izandi. Ziyakuthi zithinteke kakhulu kwingxelo yomsindo - oku kwenzeka xa isandi esifumene nomkrofoni sidlula kwisithethi kwaye saphinda sithatyathwe kwakhona ngemakrofoni kwisigxina esiqhubekayo. Bangakwazi kwakhona ukuthabatha ingxolo engafunekiyo, ngakumbi ukuba awukho kwikamelo elithule okanye elincinci. Ngokomzekelo, i-microphone ye-condenser ayinakuyilungele ukusebenzisa i-interview yangaphandle / yokurekhoda xa kukho umoya, imvula, okanye isixeko / imvelo / abantu bayandila ngasemva. Nangona loo misindo ingasuswa kunye nesofthiwe yokuhlela umculo kunye nokurekhoda kwesandi , kufuna ukuba inyathelo elongezelelweyo.
I-teknoloji ye-electrostatic ngaphakathi kwe-microphone i-condenser iyakwenza ibe yinto ethe tyekile kwaye ibiza (ngokuqhelekileyo kodwa ayisoloko ikhona) kunokuba i-microphones ezinamandla. Ngokungafani ne-magnet enamandla kunye neendlela zokwakheka kwee-microphones ezinamandla, iifomfini ezincinci kumabonakude ziyanqabile kwaye zingapheli ngokukhawuleza okanye zonakaliswe ngamanqanaba oxinzelelo omsindo (SPL) okanye impembelelo emzimbeni. Ngokuqinisekileyo ufuna ukujongana nazo ngokunyamekela, ingakumbi ukuba i-microphone ye-condenser ye-microphone ingakuhlawula iinqununu ezilikhulu (okanye ngaphezulu). Ngaba uke wambona umntu enza i-mic-drop kwi sigaba? Mhlawumbi kwakuyimakrofoni enamandla kwaye kungekhona i-condenser.
Iinkonzo:
Idala iimpawu zomsindo ezinamandla ngaphandle kwemfuneko ye-preamp
Ngokubanzi ukhathazekile ukuthabatha izandi ezipholileyo kunye / okanye ezide
Impendulo enkulu yentsholongwane
Ukulungelelaniso lwendawo yangaphakathi / yokurekhoda (ngokuqhelekileyo)
Umgcini:
Kudinga amandla angaphandle (phantom) kunye / okanye ibhetri
Ukuphucula ubuchule kunokukhokelela ekuphazamiseni kwiimeko ezithile
Unokubiza kakhulu (kodwa akusoloko kunjalo)
I-electronics engabonakaliyo engaphelelekiyo kunokuba i-microphones ezinamandla
03 ka 03
Ukugqiba phakathi kweMicrosoft yeDynamic kunye ne-Condenser
Nangona zombini iintlobo zibonisa amandla anxulumene nendlela asebenza ngayo, kukho ezinye iinkalo ukuqwalasela ukuba ufuna i-microphone okanye entsha. Iimfowuni ezininzi zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa ezithile kwingqondo, ngoko kukulungele ukufanisana nokusetyenziswa kunye nezidingo. Unokufuna i-microphone ekhethekileyo: ukurekhoda kwenjongo jikelele, iimpumelelo ezibukhoma / imicimbi / imiboniso, iinkqubo ze-PA, udliwano-ndlebe, iirediyo zokurekhoda, izandi, izandi zomculo, izixhobo zombane, izixhobo eziphakamileyo, ii-instrument frequency-response , impendulo ephuculweyo / eyenziwe ngokukhawuleza, i-podcasting / i-newscasting, njalo njalo. Unokufumana iinketho ezikhethileyo kunye ne-microphone okanye i-condenser microphone kuwo onke amanqaku.
Kwakhona, iimpawu ezithile kunye neenkcukacha zingabangela ukuba udidi olulodwa lube lufaneleke ngakumbi kunomnye (kunye nakwezinye izinto). Ngokomzekelo, ii-microphone ezinezikhulu eziphambili zivame ukuba zichaneke ngakumbi / zibucayi kunezo ezincinci zincinci (ubukhulu bubalo kwezi meko). Kodwa i-diaphragm enkulu ibonisa i-microphone ephezulu, eya kuthatha indawo engaphezulu yokugcina kwiingxowa zamagumbi okanye kwiipokethi. Ezinye ii-microphones (zaluphi na uhlobo) zenzelwe ngokulula ukukhumbula engqondweni, ngelixa ezinye zingabakho niche. Ngoko kukho ukuthengiswa kwamanani amaninzi nantoni na oyikhethayo.
Iimfonofoni nazo zinomlinganiselo ohlukileyo wokuphendula imvama (hlola iinkcukacha zomenzi), ezingenza olunye uhlobo lube bhetele kunolunye, kuxhomekeke kwindlela ekufuneka isetyenziswe ngayo. Ezinye zenzelwe ukuphatha ukurekhoda ngokwemvelo / ukungathinteli, ngelixa ezinye zongeza ukuphuculwa - oku kungenziwa ngohlobo lwemibala kunye / okanye ubukhulu becatshulwa besandi - ukucinga ngokubanzi. Ezinye iinkcukacha ukuthelekisa kwaye ziqwalasele: umlinganiselo wesigxina-ngxolo , ubuninzi bezandi zengxolo (izandi zokuvakala), ukuphazamiseka kwama-harmonic , iphethini ye-polar, kunye nobuzwe. Ekugqibeleni, imakrofoni efanelekileyo iya kuba yinto ezwakala kakuhle ezindlebeni zakho ngelixa udibana neemfuno zakho zokusetyenziswa.
Iimfono zeMin
- Ukusetyenziswa ngaphandle
- Impilo ekhoyo
- Ukuqokelela iindaba / udliwano-ndlebe
- Ukurekhoda kumazinga aphezulu aphezulu
- Amazwi omninzi weeyunithi / izixhobo (iBarry White, itrasti, i-cello, tuba, njl.
- Xa ufuna into ehlala ihlala
I Microphone Condenser Ziyabhetele:
- Ukusetyenziswa kwangaphakathi
- Imisebenzi ye Studio
- I-Podcasting / yeendaba
- Ukurekhoda ngeenkcukacha kunye nokuchaneka
- Iimvo eziphezulu zamagama / izixhobo (uMariah Carey, i-violin, umlingo, upiyano, njl.
- Xa ukuzinza akuyiyo into