Umsebenzi weHash Cryptographic Definition
Umsebenzi we-hasptographic hash wuhlobo lwe-algorithm enokuthi isebenze kwisiqwenga sedatha, njengefayile nganye okanye iphasiwedi, ukuvelisa ixabiso elibizwa ngokuba yi-checksum.
Ukusetyenziswa ngokusemqoka komsebenzi we-cryptographic hash kukuqinisekisa ubungqina benkqutyana yedatha. Iifayile ezimbini zinokuqinisekiswa ukuba zifana kuphela ukuba iifayile ezenziwe kwifayili nganye, isebenzisana nomsebenzi ofanayo we-cryptographic hash, zifana.
Ezinye eziqhelekileyo zisebenzisa imisebenzi ye-cryptographic hash ziquka i- MD5 kunye ne- SHA-1 , nangona abanye baninzi.
Qaphela: Imisebenzi ye-Cryptographic hash idlalwa nje ngokuba yimisebenzi emfutshane, kodwa akuyiyo ingcali echanekileyo. Umsebenzi we-hash yigama eliqhelekileyo eliqhelekileyo lisetyenziselwa ukuquka imisebenzi ye-hasptographic hash kunye nezinye iintlobo ze-algorithms ezifana nokuhlolwa kwe-cyclic redundancy.
Imisebenzi yeHash ye-Cryptographic: I-Case Use
Makhe ukukhuphela inguqu yakutshanje yomshicileli we-Firefox . Kungakhathaliseki isizathu, ufanele ukuyikhuphela kwisayithi ngaphandle kwe-Mozilla. Ukungabanjwanga kwisayithi oye wafunda ukuyithemba, ungathanda ukuqinisekisa ukuba ifayile yokufowunwa okhutshweyo yinto efana neyo Mozilla.
Ukusebenzisa i- checksum calculator , uhlalutya i-checksum usebenzisa umsebenzi othile we-cryptographic hash (tshela i-SHA-2) uze uthelekise lowo opapashwe kwiwebhusayithi kaMozilla.
Ukuba balingana, ngoko unokuqiniseka ukuba ukukhuphela unayo nguMozilla ofuna ukuba ube nayo.
Khangela Yintoni i-Checksum? ukufumana okungaphezulu kwezi zixhobo ezibalaseleyo, kunye nemibandela ekusebenziseni iifowuni ukuqinisekisa ukuba iifayile ozikhuphelayo ngokwenene yilokho okulindele ukuba zibe.
Ngaba Imisebenzi yeHash Cryptographic Canash Ishintshwe?
Imisebenzi ye-Cryptographic hash yenzelwe ukukhusela ukukwazi ukuguqula ii-checksums ziyibuyisele kwimibhalo yangaphambili.
Nangona kunjalo, nangona kungenakwenzeka ukutshintsha, akuthethi ukuba i-100% iqinisekisiwe ukukhusela idatha.
Into ebizwa ngokuba yitafile ye- rainbow ingasetyenziselwa ukukhawuleza ukufumanisa isikhalazo se-checksum. Amacwecwe e-Rainbow ayenzichazi-magama ezichaza amawaka, izigidi, okanye iibhiliyoni zale ndlela kunye nexabiso laso elichaseneyo.
Nangona le nto ingeyiyo i-technically ishintshi i-cryptographic hash algorithm, kungenjalo nokuba yinto elula ukwenza. Enyanisweni, kuba akukho tafile yombhobho inokuluhlula yonke i-checksum ekhoyo, ngokuqhelekileyo "iyanceda" iibinzana ezilula ... njengamaphasiwedi athathaka.
Nantsi inguqu elula yetafile yokubonisa ubonisa indlela umntu oza kusebenza ngayo xa esebenzisa umsebenzi we-HS-cryptographic hash:
| Amagama alula | I-SHA-1 Checksum |
| 12345 | 8cb2237d0679ca88db6464eac60da96345513964 |
| iphasiwedi1 | e38ad214943daad1d64c102faec29de4afe9da3d |
| ilovemydog | a25fb3505406c9ac761c8428692fbf5d5ddf1316 |
| Jenny400 | 7d5eb0173008fe55275d12e9629eef8bdb408c1f |
| dallas1984 | c1ebe6d80f4c7c087ad29d2c0dc3e059fc919da2 |
Kuba ezi zixabiso ziqikelelwe ngokusebenzisa i-checksum, zifuna ukuba i-hacker iqonde ukuba iyiphi i-alpirgraphic hash algorithm isetyenziselwe ukuyenza.
Ukukhuselwa okongezelelweyo, ezinye iiwebhusayithi ezigcina iiphasiwedi zomsebenzisi zenza imisebenzi eyongezelelweyo kwi-algorithm ye-cryptographic hash emva kokuba ixabiso lenziwe kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ligcinwe.
Oku kuvelisa ixabiso elitsha kuphela elikuseva webhu kuphela kwaye alihambisani ngqo ne-checksum yasekuqaleni.
Ngokomzekelo, emva kokuba iphasiwedi ingenwe kwaye i-checksum yenziwe, ingahle ihlukaniswe kwiindawo eziliqela kwaye ihlelwe kwakhona ngaphambi kokuba igcinwe kwisiseko segama lephasiwedi, okanye iibalo ezithile zingatshintshwa nabanye. Xa umsebenzisi uzama ukuqinisekisile ixesha elizayo xa bebhalisa, lo msebenzi owongezelelweyo uza kuguqulwa ngumncedisi wewebhu kwaye i-checksum yasekuqaleni iveliswe kwakhona, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iphasiwedi yomsebenzisi iyasebenza.
Ukwenza oku kunceda ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-hick apho zonke iitsheki zibiwe.
Kwakhona, le ngcamango ilapha ukwenza umsebenzi ongaziwayo ukuba ukuba i-hacker iyayazi i-alpirgraphic hash algorithm kodwa kungeyiyo yesiko, ngoko ukwazi i-password checksums ayixhasi.
Iiphasiwedi kunye neMisebenzi yokuHash
Ifana netafile yombane indlela i-database igcina ngayo amaphasiwedi abasebenzisi. Xa iphasiwedi ingenisiwe, i-checksum iveliswa kwaye ifaniswe nomnye orekhodiweyo ngegama lakho lomsebenzisi. Unikwe imvume yokufikelela ukuba ezi zimbini ziyafana.
Njengoko umsebenzi we-hasptographic hash uvelisa i-checksum engaguqukiyo, ngaba oko kuthetha ukuba unokwenza iphasiwedi yakho ibe yinto elula njenge- 12345 , endaweni ye- 12 @ 34 $ 5 , nje ngokuba iitshekitshi ngokwazo aziqondi na? Ngokuqinisekileyo ayinayo, kwaye yintoni ke ...
Njengoko ubona, la maphasiwedi amabini akwazi ukucacisa ngokujonga nje kwi-checksum:
MD5 ye 12345: 827ccb0eea8a706c4c34a16891f84e7b
MD5 kwi-12 @ 34 $ 5: a4d3cc004f487b18b2ccd4853053818b
Ngoko, ekuqalekeni ungacinga ukuba kulungile ukuba usebenzise enye yala maphasiwedi. Oku kuyinyaniso ukuba umhlaseli wazama ukucinga igama lakho lephasiwedi ngokuqiqa i-MD5 checksum (okungekho mntu uyenzayo), kodwa akunyaniseki ukuba kuqhutywe i-brute amandla okanye ukuhlaselwa kwesichazizwi (oko kuyindlela eqhelekileyo).
Ukuhlaselwa kwamandla okuqhawulayo xa kuhlaselwa amanxeba amaninzi athathwe ngokugqithiseleyo iphasiwedi. Kule meko, kuya kuba lula kakhulu ukuqagela "12345," kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukuba ulandele enye into. Ukuhlaselwa kwesichazamazwi kufana nokokuba umhlaseli angazama onke amagama, inombolo, okanye ibinzana ukusuka kwoluhlu lwezinto eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo ("kunye nezona ziphantsi"), "12345" ngokuqinisekileyo yinto enye eya kuzama.
Ngoko, nangona i-cryptographic hash imveliso yenza ukuba kunzima ukuqikelela ukuhlola ukuqwalasela, kufuneka usasebenzise iphasiwedi eyinkimbinkimbi kuzo zonke i-akhawunti yakho ye-intanethi kunye nendawo yokuhlala.
Iphulo: Jonga imizekelo yePhasiwedi kunye nePhasiwedi enamandla ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ngaba i-yours ithathwa njengegama eligqithisiweyo.
Ulwazi oluthe xaxa malunga neMisebenzi yeHashptographic Hash
Kungabonakala ngathi imisebenzi ye-cryptographic hash idibene ne-encryption kodwa ezo zibini zisebenza ngezindlela ezahlukeneyo.
Ukubhala nge-encryption yindlela emibini apho kukho into ebhaliweyo ukuba ingafundwanga, kodwa emva koko i-decrypted isetyenziswe ngokuqhelekileyo kwakhona. Ungabhala ngeefayile ozigcinayo ukwenzela ukuba nabani abafikelela kuzo abayi kukwazi ukuyisebenzisa, okanye ungasebenzisa ukufakela ukufakela iifayile ukubethela iifayile ezihamba phezu kwenethiwekhi, njengalezo ozilayishileyo okanye ozikhuphela kwi-intanethi.
Njengokuba kuchaziwe ngasentla, imisebenzi ye-hasptographic hash isebenza ngokuhlukileyo kuba iitshekethi ayifuni ukuba iguqulwe ngephasiwedi ekhethiweyo ye-de-hashing njengendlela iifayile ezifihliweyo ezifundwa ngayo ngephasiwedi ekhethiweyo yokuchithwa. Imisebenzi yodwa yokubhala i-hasptographic hash imisebenzi isebenza ukuthelekisa iinqununu ezimbini zeedatha, njengokuba ukhuphela iifayile, ugcina ipaswedi, udonsa idatha kwi database, njl.
Kungenzeka ukuba umsebenzi we-hasptographic hash ukuvelisa i-checksum efanayo kwiingcezu zeedatha ezahlukeneyo. Xa oku kwenzeka, kubizwa ngokuba kudibanisa. Ngokucacileyo, le ngxaki enkulu ekuqwalaseleni yonke ingqwalasela yomsebenzi we-hasptographic hash ukwenza iifowuni ezikhethekileyo ngokupheleleyo kuzo zonke iinkcukacha ezifakelwe kuyo.
Izizathu zokudibanisa zikhona ngenxa yokuba umsebenzi ngamnye we-cryptographic hash uvelisa ixabiso lexesha elimisiweyo kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni idatha yenkxaso. Ngokomzekelo, umsebenzi we-MD5 we-cryptographic hash udala u-827ccb0eea8a706c4c34a16891f84e7b, 1f633b2909b9c1addf32302c7a497983 , kunye no -10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e kwiibhloko ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zeedatha.
I-checksum yokuqala ivela ngo- 12345 , okwesibini yenziwe kwiileta ezingaphezu kwe-700 kunye namanani, kwaye okwesithathu ivela kwi- 123456 . Zonke iziphumo ezi-ezintathu zibude obude kodwa iziphumo zihlala zibalinganiswa ezingama-32 ukususela ekubeni i-MD5 isetyenzisiwe.
Njengoko uyakubona, akukho mda kumlinganiselo wee-checksums ezinokudalwa ukusuka kutshintsho oluncinci kwisalathisi kufuneka luvelise i-checksum ehlukileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba kunomda kwinani lee-checksums enye ye-cryptographic hash function inokuvelisa, kunokuhlala kusenokwenzeka ukuba uya kudibana.
Yingakho ezinye imisebenzi ze-hasptographic hash zenziwe. Ngoxa i-MD5 ivelisa ixabiso le-32-character, i-SHA-1 ivelisa abalinganiswa abangama-40 kunye ne-SHA-2 (512) ivelisa i-128. Ininzi enkulu yabalinganiswa ababenayo i-checksum, ubuncinci ukuba ukuqhubana kuya kwenzeka kuba kunika indawo ezixabisekileyo.