Inkcazo yeSibonelelo seNkqubo kunye nendlela yokuCwangcisa iziPhene zeMithombo yeNkqubo
Inkqubo yemithombo nayiphi na into esebenzayo yekhompyutheni engakwazi ukulawulwa kwaye yabelwe yinkqubo yokusebenza ukuze yonke i- hardware kunye nesofthiwe kwikhompyutyana isebenze kunye njengoko idibeneyo.
Izixhobo zenkqubo zingasetyenziswa ngabasebenzisi, njengawe, xa uvula iinkqubo kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza, kunye neenkonzo eziqhelekileyo ziqalise ngokuzenzekelayo inkqubo yakho yokusebenza.
Unako ukuhamba phantsi kwiinkqubo zesebe okanye ude uphume ngokupheleleyo kwi-system resource kuba iphela. Ukungena kwi-intanethi kwiprogram ethile yemithombo yokunciphisa imithombo kunciphisa ukusebenza kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kubangela impazamo ethile.
Qaphela: Inkqubo yesibonelelo ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yimithombo ye-hardware, imithombo yamakhomputha, okanye nje imithombo. Izibonelelo azihlangani nendawo ye- Residential Locator Locator (URL) .
Imizekelo yeeNkqubo zoLwazi
Izibonelelo zenkqubo zihlala zixutywa malunga nendawo yememori (i-RAM yakho ye-RAM) kodwa izixhobo zinokuvela kwi- CPU , kwibhodi ye - motherboard , okanye nakwezinye i-hardware.
Nangona kunamaqela amaninzi ekhompyutheni epheleleyo enokuthi ithathelwe ingqalelo kwiinkqubo zenkxaso , kukho izinto ezine ezisetyenziswayo ezinkulu, zonke zibukeka kwaye zilungelelaniswa ngaphakathi kwi- Device Manager :
- Ukuphazamisa Izicelo (IRQ) Iimitha
- Ukufikelela kwiMemori ye-Memory (DMA)
- Input / Output (I / O) Iedesi zeePort
- Iingcingo zeeKhowudi zeMemori
Umzekelo wenkqubo yezixhobo emsebenzini ungabonwa xa uvula nayiphi na inkqubo kwikhompyutha yakho. Njengoko isicelo silayisha, inkqubo yokusebenza igcina inani elithile lememori kunye nexesha le-CPU ekufuneka iprogram isebenze. Yenza oku ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zenkqubo ezikhoyo ngexesha langoku.
Izixhobo zenkqubo azizinzi. Ukuba unayo i-4 GB ye-RAM efakwe kwikhompyutha yakho, kodwa inkqubo yokusebenza kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zisebenzisa ubuninzi be-2 GB, unayo kuphela i-2 GB yezibonelelo zenkqubo (ngendlela yememori yenkqubo, kule meko) kufumaneke lula kwezinye izinto.
Ukuba akukho imemori eyaneleyo ekhoyo, iWindows iza kuzama ukugcina ezinye izinto kwifayile yokutshintsha (okanye ifayile yefayile), ifowuni yememori ebonakalayo igcinwe kwi- hard drive , ukukhulula imemori kwenkqubo. Ukuba nangona le nsizakusebenza izalisekile, eyenzekayo xa iifayile ezitshintshayo zifikela ubukhulu bayo obukhulu, iWindows iza kuqala ukukuxwayisa ukuba "imemori ebonakalayo igcwele" kwaye kufuneka uvale iinkqubo zokukhulula imemori ethile.
Iimpazamo zeZibonelelo
Iinkqubo kufuneka "zibuyisele" imemori xa uvale. Ukuba oku kungenzeki, okuqhelekileyo kunokuba ungacinga, ezo zixhobo azifumaneki kwezinye iinkqubo kunye neenkqubo. Le meko idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yimpembelelo yememori , okanye ukuphazamiseka kwemithombo.
Ukuba unethamsanqa, le meko iya kukhokelela kwiWindows ekukhuliseni ukuba ikhomputha iphantsi kwiinkqubo zoncedo, ngokuqhelekileyo enephutha njengenye yezi:
- "Ngaphandle kwememori okanye izixhobo zenkqubo"
- "Ngapha kokungagcinwanga"
- "Imithombo yesistim esaneleyo ukugqiba inkonzo eceliwe"
- "Inkqubo inobungozi obuphantsi kwizixhobo"
- "Ikhompyutheni yakho iphantsi kwimemori"
Ukuba awunalo inhlanhla, uya kuqaphela ikhomputha ephantsi okanye, ngakumbi, imilayezo engafanelekanga.
Indlela yokulungisa iziphoso zeMithombo yeNkqubo
Indlela esheshayo yokulungisa impazamo yesistim yolawulo kukuqalisa kuphela ikhompyutha yakho . Ukuvala ikhompyutha phantsi kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iiprogram kunye neenkqubo ozivulekileyo, kwakunye nabo bahlala ngasemva, beba izinto eziyimfuneko zeekhompyutha, zipheliswa ngokupheleleyo.
Sithetha okunye malunga nale nto ekufuneka kuqaliswe kwakhona ii-Fixes ezininzi zeengxaki zekhompyutha .
Ukuba ukuqala kwakhona akuyiyo inketho ngesizathu esithile, unako ukuzama ukulandelela phantsi inkqubo ekhubekayo. Indlela efanelekileyo yokwenza oko ivela kuMphathi weeSebenzi-uyivule, uhlele ngokusetyenziswa kwememori, kwaye uphelise loo mi sebenzi ekhokelela izixhobo zakho zenkqubo.
Bona indlela yokuLawula-Ukuyeka iNkqubo kwiWindows kuzo zonke iinkcukacha malunga nendlela yokwenza oku, kuquka ezinye, ezifanelekileyo, iindlela ezingadingi umphathi weeNkcukacha.
Ukuba iimpazamo zamanzi ezibonakalayo zibonakala rhoqo, ngakumbi ukuba zibandakanya iinkqubo zenzalo kunye neenkonzo zangasemva, kunokwenzeka ukuba enye okanye ezininzi kwiimodyuli ze-RAM kufuneka zitshintshwe.
Uvavanyo lweememori luya kuqinisekisa le ndlela enye. Ukuba enye yezo vavanyo zilungele umcimbi, isisombululo esisodwa sinokubuyisela i-RAM yakho . Ngelishwa, ayenakulungiswa.
Esinye isizathu esinokuthi siphinde siphumelele iiprogram zokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo, nangona uvale ikhomputha yakho rhoqo, mhlawumbi ukuba iinkonzo zangasemva zihamba ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kokuziqonda. Ezi nkqubo ziqaliswe xa iWindows iqala ukuvula. Unokubona ukuba ziphi, kwaye zikhubaza, ukusuka kwithebhu yokuqalisa kwiMphathi weSebenzi.
Qaphela: Ithebhu yoQeqesho loMphathi weSebenzi ayitholakali kwiinguqu ezindala zeWindows. Ukuba awuyiboni loo ndawo yoMphathi weSebenzi kwinguqu yakho yeWindows, vula indawo yoLungiselelo lweNkqubo yeNkqubo endaweni yoko. Unokwenza oko ngokusebenzisa umyalelo we- msconfig kwibhokisi yencoko yebhokisi okanye i- Command Prompt .
Ulwazi olungakumbi kwiiNkqubo zoLwazi
IWindows isebenzisa ngokuzenzekelayo izixhobo zenkqubo kwizixhobo zeekhompyutha xa izixhobo zixhuma kwaye zidlala ngokufanelekileyo. Phantse zonke izixhobo kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo zonke iikhompyutha zeekhompyutha ezikhoyo zikhoyo namhlanje zi-Plug and Play zivumelanisiweyo.
Izixhobo zendlela azinakuthi zisetyenziswe ngaphezu kweyodwa yeehadi. Impumelelo enkulu yi-IRQs, kwiimeko ezithile, ukwabelwana phakathi kwezixhobo ezininzi.
Iifayile zokusebenza zeWindows Server zingasebenzisa uMphathi weMithombo yoLwazi lweWindows ukulawula izixhobo zenkqubo kwizicelo kunye nabasebenzisi.
"Izixhobo zenkqubo" zingabhekisela kwisofthiwe efakwe kwiikhomputha zakho, ezifana neeprogram, izibuyekezo, iifom, kunye nokunye. Ukuba ezi zinto ziyasuswa, iWindows ingabonisa impazamo ichaza ukuba imithombo ayifumanekanga kwaye ayiyi kuvulwa.