Kutheni i-comma elula yenza lula ukubhalwa kwekhowudi
I-CSS, okanye i-Cascading Style Sheets, yindlela yokwakheka kwewebhsayithi yokwamkela izitayela ezibonakalayo kwisayithi. Nge CSS, unokulawula ukuma kwephepha, imibala, utyhugraphy , umfanekiso wesemvelaphi, nokunye okuninzi. Eyona nto, ukuba kuyindlela ebonakalayo, iCSS yindlela yokuzisa ezo zitayela kwiwebhusayithi yakho.
Njengoko ukongeza izitayela zeCSS kwidokhumenti, unokwazi ukuba uxwebhu luqala ukuba lude kwaye lude. Nesayithi elincinci elinamaphepha ambalwa kuphela anokuphelisa ngefayili enkulu yeCSS - kwaye indawo enkulu kakhulu eneenkalo kunye namaninzi amanqaku omxholo okhethekileyo unokuba neefayile ezinkulu zeCSS. Oku kuhlanganiswe kwiindawo eziphendulayo ezinemibuzo emininzi yemidiya efakwe kwiimakhishithi zendlela yokutshintsha indlela ezibukeka ngayo kwaye iphepha liphuma kwizikrini ezahlukeneyo.
Ewe, iifayile zeCSS zinokuthabatha. Oku akuyona ingxaki enkulu xa kufikelele ekusebenzeni kwendawo kunye nokukhutshwa kwekhawulezi, kuba nokuba iFayile yexesha elide linokuba lincinci (kuba liyixwebhu loxwebhu nje). Sekunjalo, yonke into encinane ibalwa xa ifika kwikhawuleza lekhasi, ngoko ke ukuba unokwenza ishidi lakho lesitayela livule, le nto ingcinga. Le yilapho "i-comma" ingena kwi-sheet yesitayela!
IiMasta kunye neCSS
Usenokuzibuza ukuba yintoni indima edlalwa ngayo i-comma kwi-syntax ye- CSS . Njengokuba kukho izivakalisi, i-comma ivelisa icacile-engekho ikhowudi-kubahluleli. I-comma kwisikhethi se- CSS ihlula abakhethi beqela ezininzi kwiimpawu ezifanayo.
Umzekelo, makhe sijonge kwiCSS apha ngezantsi.
Umbala: obomvu; }
td {umbala: obomvu; }
Umbala {umbala: obomvu; }
div # kuqala {umbala: obomvu; }
Ngeli syntax, uthetha ukuba ufuna ama-tags, i- td tags, iigatshi zemihlathi kunye neklasi ebomvu, kunye nomgca we-div kunye ne-ID kuqala yonke into yokuba nombala wesitayela obomvu.
Oku kuyamkeleka ngokupheleleyo iCSS, kodwa kukho izimbalo ezibalulekileyo zokubhala ngale ndlela:
- Kwixesha elizayo, ukuba unqumle ukutshintsha umbala wefonti walezi zakhiwo kwi-blue, kufuneka wenze utshintsho ezine kwiphepha lakho lomfanekiso.
- Yongeza unobumba obongezelelweyo kwifayile yakho yesitayela ongayifunayo. Ezi zintlobo ezi-4 zingabonakali ngathi zigqithiseleyo, kodwa ukuba uqhubeka ukwenza oku kwiphepha lakho lohlobo lonke, imigca iya kudibanisa kwaye eli phepha liya kuba likhulu, likhulu kunokuba limele libe.
Ukuze ukwazi ukuphepha ezi ngxaki, kwaye uhlaziye iifayile zakho zeCSS, siya kuzama ukusebenzisa ii-commas.
Ukusebenzisa ii-Commas kwiSelectri ezahlukileyo
Esikhundleni sokubhala abakhethiweyo abane-CSS abane-4 kunye nemithetho engama-4, udibanisa zonke ezo zakhiwo kwipropati eyodwa yolawulo ngokuhlukanisa abakhethiweyo ngabanye nge-comma. Nantsi indlela eya kwenziwa ngayo:
th, td, p.red, div # kuqala {umbala: obomvu; }
Umlingisi we-comma usebenza njengegama elithi "kunye" ngaphakathi kwisahlulo. Ngoko oku kusebenza kwiimpawu ze- IT kunye ne- td tags kunye nemigca yomhlathi kunye neklasini ebomvu kunye ne-div tag kunye ne-ID yokuqala. Yilo kanye kanye esasinakho ngaphambili, kodwa kunokuba sifune imithetho e-4 ye-CSS, sinomgaqo owodwa kunye nabakhethi abaninzi. Yilokho i-comma eyenziwa kumkhethi, ivumela ukuba sibe ngabakhethi beqela abaninzi kumgaqo omnye.
Akukona nje kuphela le ndlela yokwenza iifayile ezicocekileyo, iifayile ezicocekileyo zeCSS, ibuye ibuye ibuye ivuselele izayo ngokulula. Ngoku ukuba ufuna ukutshintsha umbala obomvu ukuya kuluhlaza okomvu, kufuneka wenze utshintsho kwindawo enye endaweni ye-style ye-original ye-4! Cinga ngeli xesha lokulondolozwa kwifayili yonke yeCSS kwaye uyakubona ukuba oku kuza kukugcina njani ixesha kunye nendawo kwixesha elide!
Syntax Uhlobo
Abanye abantu bakhetha ukwenza iCSS ngakumbi ibonakale ngokuhlula umkhethi ngamnye kumgca wayo, endaweni yokuyibhala yonke emgca owodwa apha ngasentla. Yiyo ndlela eya kwenziwa ngayo:
th,
td,
p.red,
div # kuqala
{
Umbala: obomvu;
}
Qaphela ukuba ubeka i-comma emva komkhethi ngamnye kwaye sebenzisa "faka" ukuphula umkhethi olandelayo kumgca walo. AWAKHO wongeza i-comma emva komkhethi wokugqibela.
Ngokusebenzisa ii-commas phakathi kwabakhethi bakho, udala ifayile yesicatshulwa esincinci elula ukuyihlaziya ngokuzayo kwaye kulula ukuyifunda namhlanje!
Inqaku loqobo loJennifer Krynin. Ulungiswe nguJeremy Girard ngo-5/8/17