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i-utmp, i-wtmp - yokungena kwiirekhodi
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# kuquka
Inkcazo
Ifayile ye- utmp ivumela umntu ukuba athole ulwazi malunga nobani usebenzisa inkqubo. Kukho nabasebenzisi abangaphezulu okwamanje basebenzise inkqubo, kuba akuzona zonke iinkqubo zisebenzisa i-utmp logging.
Isexwayiso: i- utmp akufanele ibhaliwe, kuba iinkqubo ezininzi zeenkqubo (ngobuwula) zixhomekeke kwingqibelelo yayo. Ubeka ingozi kwiifayile zefayile kunye nokuguqulwa kweefayili zenkqubo xa ushiya umyalezo obhaliweyo kunoma yimuphi umsebenzisi.
Ifayile ilandelelwano lwangeniso kunye nesakhiwo esilandelayo kubandakanywa ifayile (phawula ukuba le ngenye yeenkcazo ezininzi ezikufutshane; iinkcukacha zixhomekeke kwinguqu ye libc):
#define UT_UNKNOWN 0 #define RUN_LVL 1 #define BOOT_TIME 2 #define NEW_TIME 3 #define OLD_TIME 4 #define INIT_PROCESS 5 #define USER_PROCESS 7 #define DEAD_PROCESS 8 #define ACCOUNTING 9 #define UT_LINESIZE 12 #define UT_NAMESIZE 32 #define UT_HOSTSIZE 256 struct exit_status {mfutshane e_termination; / * inkqubo yokuphelisa inkqubo. * / mfutshane int e_exit; / * inkqubo yokuphuma kwimo. * /}; Yenza i-utmp {short ut_type; / * uhlobo login * / pid_t u-ugugu; / * pid yenqubo yokungena ngemvume / char char ut_line [UT_LINESIZE]; / * igama lefowuni ye-tty - "/ dev /" * / char ut_id [4]; / * init id okanye i-abbrev. igama lomnxeba * / char ut_user [UT_NAMESIZE]; / * igama lomsebenzisi * / char ut_host [UT_HOSTSIZE]; / igama lomninimzi wokungena ngemvume kude / / ukwakha i-exit_status ut_exit; / * Imoya yokuphuma kwenkqubo ephawulwe njenge DEAD_PROCESS. * / eside ut_session; / * iseshoni yesistim, esetyenziselwa i window / / struct timeval ut_tv; / * ixesha lokungena lenziwe. * / int32_t ut_addr_v6 [4]; / IP * idilesi ye-host host. * / ipal pad [20]; / * Kugcinwe ukusetyenziswa kwangomso. * /}; / * Emva kokuhambelana nokuhamba. * / #define ut_name ut_user #ifndef _NO_UT_TIME #define ut_time ut_tv.tv_sec #endif #define ut_xtime ut_tv.tv_sec #define ut_addr ut_addr_v6 [0]Esi sakhiwo sinika igama lefayile ekhethekileyo ehambelana nesigxina somsebenzisi, igama lokungena lomsebenzisi, kunye nexesha lokungena ngelo xesha (2). Amacangca amacandelo anqanyulwa ngu- '\ 0' ukuba afutshane kunobungakanani bentsimi.
Ukufakwa kokuqala okudalwe kubangelwa yi- init (8) yokusetyenziswa kwe- inittab (5). Ngaphambi kokungena, i- init (8) ihlambulule i-utmp ngokubeka i_t_type ku- DEAD_PROCESS , ukucima i- ut_user , ut_host , kunye ne- ut_time nge-null kwi-rekhodi nganye apho i- u_type ayikho i- DEAD_PROCESS okanye i- RUN_LVL kwaye apho kungekho nqubo ene-PID i- fool . Ukuba akukho ncwadana engenanto kunye ne- need_id efunekayo ifumaneka, init idala entsha. Ibeka i_iyi -inittab, i-u- igugu kwaye i-u-ixesha kwiimilinganiselo zangoku, kwaye u- u_type ku- INIT_PROCESS .
i-getty (8) ibeka ukungena nge-pid, iguqula u_iyo- LOGIN_PROCESS , iguqula u_ixesha , ibeka ut_line , kwaye ilinde ukuba uxhumano lubekwe. ungene ngemvume (8), emva kokuba umsebenzisi ugunyazisiwe , utshintshe u_u_ER_PROCESS , utshintshe u_time , kwaye usethe u_host and u_addr . Ngokuxhomekeka kwi- getty (8) kunye nokungena ngemvume (8), iirekhodi zingabonwa yi- ut_line esikhundleni se- choice-u-fool .
Xa i- init (8) ithola ukuba inkqubo iphume, ibeka ingeniso yayo nge-i- fool , ibeka u_i_type ku- DEAD_PROCESS , ize icacise i-u_user , ut_host kunye ne- ut_time nge-null.
i-xterm (1) kunye nezinye i-emulators zedijithali zakha ngqo i- USER_PROCESS irekhodi kwaye zivelise i- ut_id ngokusebenzisa iileta ezimbini zokugqibela ze / dev / ttyp % c okanye ngokusebenzisa i %% ye / dev / pts / % d . Ukuba bafumana i- DEAD_PROCESS yale id, bayayilungisa kwakhona, ngaphandle koko bayakha ukungena entsha. Ukuba bayakwazi, baya kukumakisha njenge- DEAD_PROCESS xa bephuma kwaye bacetyiswa ukuba bangabonakali u-u_t_line , ut_time , ut_user , kunye ne- u_host .
xdm (8) akufuneki ukudala irekhodi ye-utmp, kuba akukho sithuba esipheleleyo. Ukuvumela ukuba yenze enye iya kubangela iimpazamo, ezifana 'nomnwe: ayikwazi ukuba ngumthetho /dev/machine.dom'. Kufuneka idale i-wtmp entries, nangona kunjalo, njenge ftpd (8).
i-telnetd (8) ibeka i- LOGIN_PROCESS ukungena kwaye ishiya abanye ukuba bangene ngemvume (8) njengesiqhelo. Emva kokuba iqela le-telnet iphelile, i- telnetd (8) ihlambulule i-utmp ngendlela echazwe.
Iifayile ze-wtmp zirekhoda zonke iiplogi kunye ne-logouts. Ifomathi yayo ifana ne- utmp ngaphandle kokuba igama elingu-null elingabonakali libonisa ukuphuma kwi-terminal ehambelana nayo. Ukongezelela, igama elithi "~" kunye negama lomsebenzisi "ukuvala" okanye "ukuqala kabusha" kubonisa ukucima inkqubo okanye ukuqala kwakhona kunye namagama amabini okugcina "|" / "}" " uloba ixesha elidala / lenkqubo entsha xa usuku (1) lushintsha. i-wtmp igcinwe ngokungena ngemvume (1), init (1), kunye nezinye iinguqu ze- getty (1). Ayikho yale nkqubo idala ifayile , ngoko ke xa isuswa, ukugcinwa kwerekhodi kuvaliwe.