Ukuncedisa ibhayiselo yinto yokukhusela eyenzelwe ukunceda abaqhubi basebenzise inani elifanelekileyo lamandla kwiibhuleki zabo ngexesha leemeko zokumisa. Xa umqhubi ehluleka ukusebenzisa isibalo esiphezulu samandla kwi-pedal pedake ngexesha lexakeka, ukuncedwa kweebhekile kukukhaba kwaye kusebenza ngamandla. Oku kubangela ukuba imoto imise kumgama omncinci kunokuba ungenayo incedisi ye-brake, enokuthi ikhusele ngokukhawuleza.
Imigaqo efana ne-"brake help brake" (i-EBA), "ukuncedwa kwe-brake" (BA), "ukuzenzeka ngokukhawuleza" (AEB), kunye "nokwaphula ngokuzenzekelayo," njengoko kuVilon's Collision Warning nge-Auto Brake (CWAB), bonke bajonga iinkqubo zokuncedisa izixhobo eziye zenzelwa ukunyusa amandla okuqhaqhazela xa kwenzeka umqhubi ehluleka ukufaka ingcinezelo eyaneleyo kwi-pedal pedal ngexesha lokumisa.
Nangona iindidi zamagama ahlukeneyo, zonke iinkqubo zokuncedisa i-freake zisebenza phantsi kweemigaqo-siseko ezifanayo kwaye zibangele amandla angaphezulu okuyeka.
Uncedo lweBrake
Ukuncedisa ibhayiseti iteknoloji yezokhuseleko, ngoko ke umqhubi akafanele akhathazeke ngokuwusebenzisa. Ezi nkqubo zikhawuleza ngokukhawuleza xa kunokwenzeka ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba umbane ogqityiweyo unyanzelekile ukukhusela ingozi.
Ezinye iimeko apho incedisi yokuncedisa ingasebenzisa iquka:
- Umntwana okanye isilwanyana ngokukhawuleza ugijimela endleleni, ugxininisa ukuyeka ukukhawuleza.
- Xa i-curve endleleni, okanye intaba, ingavimbela imbono yomqhubi wendlela eya phambili, kwaye umqhubi ngokukhawuleza ufika engozini okanye ugxininisa imoto kwaye unyanzelekile ukuba ayeke ngokukhawuleza.
- Enye imoto igxotha kwisiganeko somqhubi kwaye iyancipha okanye iyeke, iphoqele ukunciphisa ngokukhawuleza kwinqanaba lokukhusela ingozi.
- Iingxowa okanye izinto ezinkulu ziwa emthonjeni ongakhuselekanga ukuya kwindlela, ukuphoqa umqhubi ukuba ayeke okanye ahlasele ngenye indlela.
Le Teknoloji isebenza njani?
Iinkqubo zokuncedisa i-Brake zikhaba xa umqhubi esebenzayo i-brakes ngokukhawuleza kwaye enamandla kakhulu. Ezinye zezi zixhobo ziyakwazi ukufunda nokuzivumelanisa nesitayela somqhubi womqhubi othile, ngelixa abanye basebenzisa izibonda zangaphambi kokusekwa ukuchonga xa kufuneka uncedo.
Xa inkqubo yokuncedisa i-freake igqiba ukuba imeko yexakeka okanye yongxamiseko iyimfuneko, into eyongeziweyo yongezwa kumandla umqhubi afake kwi-pedal pedake.
Ingcamango eyintloko kukuba inkqubo yokuncedisa i-freake isebenza ubuninzi bemandla kwiibhuleki ezingasetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo ukwenzela ukuba izithuthi ziyeke kwixabiso elithile elithile kunye nomgama ohambahambayo.
Ekubeni umqhubi uyaphunyezwa ngokuphumelelayo kwenkqubo yokuncedisa i-brake, i-EBA kunye ne-anti-lock-lock (ABS) ubuchwephesha bayakwazi ukusebenza kunye nokuyeka isithuthi, nokukhusela ukudibana, okanye ukunciphisa kakhulu kunokwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba kuqhubane ukudibana.
Kwimeko enjengale, inkqubo yokuncedisa i-freake iya kuqhubeka isebenzise isixa esipheleleyo se-force breated force, kwaye i- ABS iya kukhaba kwi-brakes ukuze ikhusele iivili ukuba zingavali.
Ngaba uncedo olufunekayo lweBrake Brake oluyimfuneko?
Ngaphandle kokuncedisa ngokukhawuleza, uninzi lwabaqhubi abayiqondi ngokupheleleyo indlela efunekayo ngayo ngexesha lokumelana nokuphazamiseka kwemiba, engakhokelela kwiingozi zokuphepha. Enyanisweni, olunye uphando lubonise ukuba kuphela iipesenti ezili-10 zabaqhubi abasebenzisa inani elaneleyo lamandla kwiibhuleki zabo ngexesha leemeko zokumisa.
Ukongezelela, abanye abaqhubi abaqapheli indlela engcono yokusebenzisa i-ABS.
Ngaphambi kokungeniswa kwe-ABS, abaninzi abaqhubi bafunda ukupompa amabheki ngexesha lokumelana nokuphazamiseka, okwenza ngokukhawuleza ukuyeka umgama kodwa kunceda ukukhusela iivili ukuba zingabikho. Ngaphandle kwe-ABS, ke ukupompoza iibhuleki akudingekile.
Xa kuqhutywe amandla okuqhawula ngokupheleleyo ngexesha lokumelana nokuphazamiseka, i-pedal iyakhupha okanye iguqulwe njengoko i-ABS igalela iibhuleki ngokukhawuleza kunokuba i-pedal iqhutywe ngenye indlela. Ukuba umqhubi akaqhelekanga ngale mvakalelo, unokude abuyele kwi-pedal, eya kuthi yandisa ukwanda komgama.
Ukususela ekuncediseni ukuxhamla ngokukhawuleza kuthatha ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke oko, isithuthi esilungele le teknoloji siya kuqhubeka nokucotha nokuba umqhubi uyahluleka ukuqhubela phambili.
Ukuba uyazi indlela osebenza ngayo imoto ngexesha lokumelana nokuphazamiseka, ukuxhaswa ngokukhawuleza kokuncedwa kwe-brake akuyona imfuneko.
Ngamanye ama-90 ekhulwini lethu, ukuyeka ukuphazamiseka kunokususa kwakhona imfuno yenkqubo yokuncedisa ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, ngelixa ukuqhuma ukuphazamiseka kungakhokelela ekuqhubeni ukuphepha, kubalulekile ukwenza kuphela loo ndlela kwindawo apho kungekho zithuthi, abahamba ngeenyawo, okanye ezinye izinto onokuzitshintsha.
Imbali yeNcedisi yoNcedo lweBrake
Oomatshini baqhuba rhoqo iimvavanyo ezahlukahlukeneyo kwizithuthi zabo ukufumana amandla, ubuthathaka, iimpawu zokhuseleko kunye nezinye izinto. Ngo-1992, uDaimler-Benz wenza ucwaningo olwaluveze ezinye iinkcukacha ezithintekayo malunga nokuphazamiseka okwesabayo kunye nokuphazamiseka. Kule sifundo, abangaphezu kwama-90 ekhulwini kwabaqhubi abahluleki ukusebenzisa ukunyanzelisa okwaneleyo kwiibhuleki xa bejamelene neemeko ezinjalo.
Ukuxhotyiswa kwedatha kwimvavanyo yeemoto ze simulator, iDaimler-Benz idibanise neenkampani ezilandelayo ze-TRW ukuba zenze inkqubo yokuqala yokuncedisa ukuphucula. I-teknoloji yaqala ukufumaneka ngonyaka we-1996, kwaye ezinye i-automakers zenze ezinye iinkqubo ezifanayo.
I-TRW, emva kokuxhamla uLucasVarity ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990, ukuthengwa yi-Northropp Grumman ngo-2002, kwaye kuthengiswa kweqela elitshali-mali njenge-TRW Automotive, liyaqhubeka nokuyila kunye nokuvelisa iinkqubo zokuncedisa ukuxhatshaza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-automakers.
Ngubani onika uMncedisi we-Brake?
UDaimler-Benz uqalise inkqubo yokuqala yokuncedisa iimeko eziphuthumayo ekupheleni kwee-1990, kwaye baqhubeka besebenzisa iteknoloji.
I-Volvo, i-BMW, i-Mazda, kunye nezinye iintlobo zezinye i-automakers nazo zinika i-their own take on technology help brake.
Ezinye zale teknoloji "zangaphambili ukuhlawula" iibhuleki ukwenzela ukuba amandla okuqhawula ngokugcwele angasetyenziswa ngexesha lokumelana nokuphazamiseka kungakhathaliseki ukuba umqhubi unzima kangakanani kwi-pedal.
Ukuba unomdla wokuncedisa ngokukhawuleza, unokucinga ukucela kumthengisi ozikhethele ukuba ngaba nayiphi na imodeli yazo iquka ubuchwepheshe obufanayo.
Ziziphi iindlela zobuchwephesha ezikhoyo?
Ukuncedwa ngokukhawuleza kokuncedisa iteknoloji iteknoloji elula, kwaye abaninzi be-automaker bayakha kwiinkqubo zobuchwephesha zezobuchwephesha zemoto .
Enye iteknoloji efana neyo- braking ngokuzenzekelayo , esebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenzisa amabhuleki ngaphambi kokuba ingozi ingenzeka. Ezi nkqubo zikhaba kungakhathaliseki ukuba zifakelwe umqhubi, kwaye ezininzi zazo zenzelwe ukunciphisa ubunzima bokuxabana xa kunokungenakwenzeka.