Qonda ukuhlukana phakathi kwe-CMOS kunye ne-CCD Sensors
Zonke iikhamera zedijithali zinomfanekiso wesithombe ezithatha ulwazi ukudala isithombe. Kukho ezimbini iiprayimari zentlobo zesikrini-i-CMOS kunye neCCD-kwaye nganye ineenzuzo zayo.
I-Sensor Sensor isebenza njani?
Indlela elula yokuyiqonda inzwa yecala kukucingela njengento efana necandelo lefilimu. Xa inkinobho yokuvala idijithali yedijithali icinezelekile, ukukhanya kufaka ikhamera. Umfanekiso uvezwe kwi-sensor ngendlela efanayo ukuba iya kubonakala kwisiqephu sefilimu kwikhamera yefilimu engama-35mm.
Iimpawu zeekhamera zeDamitha ziquka iipikseli eziqokelela iiphoton (iipakethi zamandla okukhanya) eziguqulwa zibe yintlawulo yamandla nge-photodiode. Ngaloo nto, le ngcaciso iguqulwa ibe yintengo yedijithali ngomguquleli we- analog-to-digital (ADC) , ukuvumela ikhamera ukuba iqhube ixabiso kwiimpawu zokugqibela .
Iikhamera ze-DSLR kunye neekhamera zesikhokelo kunye nokupima zisebenzisa iindidi ezimbini zeentlobo zesikrini: i- CMOS ne-CCD.
Yintoni i-CCD Image Sensor?
I-CCD (Ilayisha Ikhonkco edibeneyo) iinguqu zokuguqula iipikiseli ngokulinganisa ngokulandelelana usebenzisa izesekethe ezijikeleze inzwa. Ii-CCD zisebenzisa i-amplifier enye yazo zonke iipekseli.
I-CCDs zenziwe kwiis foundries ezinezixhobo ezizodwa. Oku kubonakaliswe kwiindleko zabo eziphezulu.
Kukho iinzuzo ezihlukeneyo kwi-CCD sensor ngaphezu kwe-CMOS inzwa:
- Ingxolo encinane kunye nemifanekiso ephezulu, ngokukodwa kwiimeko eziphantsi
- Ubunzulu bombala obulungileyo kuba uluhlu olushukumisayo lweentloko luvame ukuphindwa kabini lwee-sensors ze-CMOS
- Isisombululo esiphezulu kunye nobuchule bokukhanya
Yintoni i-CMOS Image Sensor?
I-CMOS (i-Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) iinjini ziguqula imilinganiselo yepikseli ngasikhathi sinye, isebenzisa isiphaluka kwi-sensor ngokwayo. Izixhobo zakwa-CMOS zisebenzisa ama-amplifiers ahlukeneyo kwipikseli nganye.
I-sensors ze-CMOS ziqhelekileyo zisetyenziswa kwi-DSLR ngoba zikhawuleza kwaye zibiza ngaphezu kwama-CCD sensors. Bobabini i-Nikon ne-Canon basebenzisa i-CMOS inzwa kwiikhamera zabo eziphezulu ze-DSLR.
Inzwa yeCMOS nayo inezinzuzo zayo:
- Isantya sokuqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kuba ii-pixels ezisebenzayo kunye ne-ADC zikwindawo efanayo
- Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla angaphantsi, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngama-100 ngaphantsi kweCCD
- Imisebenzi yekhamera edibeneyo njengokwenyuka kwemoto, ukufakela umbala, kunye nokunyaniswa komfanekiso ngqo kwi-chip
- Ukuthintela "ukukhawula" xa umfanekiso ukhululeke
- Inkqubo encinane yokuvelisa, enjengeyo nayiphina i-microprocessor, yenza ukuba ixabiso eliphantsi
- Umgangatho uye waphucula ngokubalulekayo ukususela ekuqaleni
Imibala yeeFayile zeFayile
Uluhlu lwefayile yefayile lufakwe kwi-top sensor ukuthatha izixhobo ezibomvu, eziluhlaza, kunye ne-blue of falling falling in the sensor. Ngoko ke, nganye ipikseli iyakwazi ukulinganisa umbala omnye. Eminye imibala emibini iqikelelwa yintloko esekelwe kwiipikseli ezijikelezayo.
Nangona oku kunokuchaphazela umgangatho wenkcazelo ngokukodwa, akunakwenzeka ukubonakala kwiinkhamera eziphezulu zokulungisa. Uninzi lwe- DSLR lwangoku lusebenzisa lobu bugcisa.
I-Foveon Sensors
Amehlo abantu azivala emithathu imibala ebomvu, eluhlaza, eluhlaza, kunye neminye imibala isebenza ngokuhlanganiswa kwemibala ephambili. Kwifilimu yokufotowa, imibala eyahlukileyo eyahlukeneyo ibonisa ukulandelana kweekhemikhali ezihambelanayo.
Ngokufanayo, iifayile ze-Foveon zineenkalo ezintathu zengqondo, ngamnye owulinganisa omnye wembala ephambili. Umfanekiso uveliswa ngokudibanisa le mihlathi emithathu ukuvelisa i-mosaic yeetreyile. Oku kusetyenziswe iteknoloji entsha esetyenziswa kwezinye iikhamera ze Sigma.