I-NAT idibanisa iidilesi ezininzi ze-IP kwidilesi enye ye-IP yoluntu
Ukuguqulela idilesi yenethiwekhi yenza iipaliti ze-IP zoluntu ngokubuyisela inkxaso kwiinkonzo zangasese. I-NAT yi-teknoloji eyaziwayo kwi-intanethi-ukwabelana nge-intanethi kumanethiwekhi ekhompyutheni yasekhaya, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa kwizicelo zokulinganisela umthwalo kwi-server kumanethiwekhi enkampani.
Indlela iNAT yagcina ngayo i-Intanethi
I-NAT yenzelwe ukugcina indawo ye-intanethi ye-intanethi. Njengoko inani leekhompyuter ezijoyina i-intanethi liqhutywe ngexesha lama-1990, ababoneleli be-intanethi bachithe ngokukhawuleza ukufumaneka kweedivesi ze IPv4 , kunye nokunqongophala kokusongela ukukhula ngokupheleleyo. I-NAT yaba yindlela ephambili yokulondoloza idilesi ye-IPv4.
Okubizwa ngokuba yi-NAT eyisiseko yenza imephu enye ukuya kweyodwa phakathi kweesethi ezimbini zee-adesi ze-IP, kodwa kwi-imeyli eqhelekileyo, imisebenzi ye-NAT kwimephu yamanye amaninzi. I-NAT kumanethiwekhi asekhaya libala iithalesi ze-IP ezizimeleyo zazo zonke izixhobo kwidilesi enye ye-IP yoluntu. Oku kuvumela iikhomputha kwintanethi yendawo ukuba yabelane ngokuxhamla olunye oluxhamlayo.
Indlela iNAT isebenza ngayo
I-NAT isebenza ngokuhlola umxholo womyalezo we-IP angenayo naphumayo. Njengoko kuyimfuneko, iguqula idilesi yomthombo okanye indawo yokuya kwintloko yeprotocol ye-IP kunye nee-checksums ezichaphazelekayo ukubonisa imephu edilesi edibeneyo. I-NAT isekela iipappings ezichanekileyo okanye ezinamandla zinye okanye ezininzi zee-intanethi ze-IP.
Ukusebenza kwe-NAT kudla ngokufumaneka kwii- routers nakwezinye izixhobo zesango kumda womnatha. I-NAT inokuphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo kwi-software. Ukwabelana nge - intanethi ye-Microsoft, umzekelo, uncedise inkxaso ye-NAT kwinkqubo yokusebenza yeWindows.
Ukongezelela, i-NAT efanelekileyo ilungele ukufikelela kweekhomputer zangaphandle kumadivayisi abaxhasi emva koyilo lokuguqulela. I-Intanethi ye-RFC 1631 iqulethe iinkcukacha ze-NAT ezisisiseko.
Ukusetha i-NAT kwiNethwekhi yaseKhaya
Ii-routers zasekhaya zanamhlanje zenza ukuba i-NAT ifikeleleke ngaphandle kwongenelelo lolawulo oluyimfuneko.
Amanethiwekhi kunye neengqungquthela zemidlalo ngamanye amaxesha afuna ukuhlaziywa ngokubhaliweyo kwezicwangciso ze-NAT zokuhambisa ukuxhuma ngokufanelekileyo ngenkonzo yokudlala inthanethi. Ii-Consoles ezifana ne- Microsoft Xbox okanye i- Sony PlayStation zikhetha ukucwangciswa kwazo kwe-NAT njengenye yeentlobo ezintathu:
- I-NAT evulekileyo ibonisa ukuba i-console inokusebenzisana ngokuqhelekileyo nabo bonke abanye oontanga kwisevisi yokudlala.
- NAT eqinile inqanda i-console ukuba idibanise kuphela neontanga nazo zizinzileyo.
- I-NAT engqinelanayo ivumela i-console ukuba ixoxe kuphela neontanga eziLungileyo okanye eziVuliweyo.
Abalawuli benethiwekhi yasekhaya bangenza i-Universal Plug kunye ne-Play (UPnP) kwii routers zabo ukuqinisekisa i-Open NAT inkxaso.
Yintoni iWindows Firewall?
I-firewall ye-NAT iyigama elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza ikhono le-NAT ukugcina enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezixhobo emva kwengubo yokuguqulela. Ngethuba i-NAT yayingenakulungiselelwa ukuba ibe yi- firewall yenethiwekhi esebenza ngokupheleleyo , inxalenye yendlela yokukhusela yokhuseleko jikelele.
Yintoni i-NAT Router?
Ngamanye amaxesha ii-routers zasekhaya zazibizwa ngokuba yi-NAT routers ekuqaleni kwe-napakati-2000 xa i-NAT ibonakala kuqala kwimveliso yabathengi.
Imida ye-NAT
I-NAT ayidla ngokukhawuleza isetyenziselwa kumanethiwekhi e-IPv6 kuba indawo enkulu ekhoyo idilesi apho yenza ubungakanani beadilesi obungabalulekanga.