I-Intanethi ye-Intanethi isho ukuthini kwaye i-IP isebenza njani?
Iileta "IP" zimela iProsoft Protocol . Yimiqathango yemigaqo elawula indlela iipakethe ezithunyelwa ngayo kwinethiwekhi. Yingakho sibona "IP" esetyenziswa ngamagama afana nedilesi ye-IP kunye neVoIP .
Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba awunakukwazi nantoni malunga nokuba i-IP ithetha ukuthini ukusebenzisa izixhobo zonxibelelwano. Ngokomzekelo, i-laptop yakho kunye ne- IP sebenzisa iifowuni ze-IP kodwa akudingeki ujongane necandelo lobugcisa ukuze usebenze.
Nangona kunjalo, siya kuhamba ngecala lobugcisa balo ukuze siqonde ukuba yintoni i-IP ekuthethwa ngayo kwaye njani kwaye kutheni kuyimfuneko ebalulekileyo yoqhagamshelwano lwenethiwekhi.
Protocol
IP iprotocol. Kuthetha nje, iprotocol iyisethi yemithetho elawula indlela izinto ezisebenza ngayo iteknoloji ethile, ngokokuba kukho uhlobo oluthile lokumgangatho. Xa ufakwa kumxholo womnatha womnatha, i-protocol ye-intanethi ichaza indlela iipakethi zeedatha ezihamba ngayo kwinethiwekhi.
Xa unomgaqo-nkqubo, uqinisekile ukuba yonke i-oomatshini kwi-intanethi (okanye kwihlabathi, xa ifika kwi-intanethi), nangona kunjalo behluka, bathetha "ulwimi" olufanayo kwaye banokudibanisa kwisikhokelo sonke.
IP protocol imisa indlela oomatshini kwi-intanethi okanye nayiphina inethiwekhi ye-IP phambili okanye ukuhambisa iipakethi zazo ngokubhekiselele kwii-IP idilesi zabo.
IP Ukuhamba
Ngokumalunga nokulungisa, ukuhamba ngenye yemisebenzi ephambili yeprotocol ye-IP. Ukuhanjiswa kubandakanya ukuthumela ipakethe yeP IP ukusuka kumthombo ukuya kumatshini oya kuyo kwinethiwekhi, ngokusekelwe kwiidilesi zabo ze-IP.
TCP / IP
Xa izibini ezithatha i-protocol control (TCP) ne-IP, ufumana umlawuli wendlela ye-intanethi. I-TCP kunye ne-IP basebenzisana kunye nokuhambisa idatha kwi-intanethi, kodwa kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo.
Ekubeni i-IP ayiqinisekisi iipakethe ezithembekileyo kwi-network, i-TCP ithatha inkokhelo yokwenza uxhumano lunokwethenjelwa.
I-TCP ngumgaqo-nkqubo oqinisekisa ukunyaniseka kwintlawulo, eqinisekisa ukuba akukho ukulahlekelwa kwamapakethi, ukuba amapakethi asemgangathweni ochanekileyo, ukuba ukulibaziseka kwinqanaba elimkelekileyo, kwaye akukho kuphinda kwamapakethi. Konke oku kuqinisekisa ukuba idatha efunyenweyo iyahambelana, ngokufanelekileyo, igqibe, kwaye ilula (ukuze ungayiva intetho ephukileyo).
Ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwedatha, i-TCP isebenza ngaphambi kwe-IP. I-TCP ibopha idatha kwiipakethe ze-TCP ngaphambi kokuba ithumele ezi kwi-IP, ezo zifaka kwakhona ezi ziipakethi ze-IP.
Idilesi ze IP
Oku mhlawumbi inxalenye ebalulekileyo kunye neyimfihlelo ye-IP kubasebenzisi abaninzi bekhompyutha. Idilesi ye-IP iyona dilesi ekhethekileyo ekuchazeni umatshini (onokuba yikhompyutheni, umncedisi , isixhobo sogesi , i- router , ifowuni njl) kwinethiwekhi, ngoko ke ukukhonza ukuhamba nokuthumela iipakethi ze-IP ukusuka kumthombo ukuya kwindawo eya kuyo.
Ngoko, mfutshane, i-TCP yidata ngelixa i-IP yindawo.
Funda kabanzi kulezi zidijithi kunye namachaphaza enza idilesi ye-IP .
IP Packets
IP Packet yipakethi yedata ephethe umthwalo wedatha kunye ne-header ye-IP. Naliphi na idilesi yedatha (iipakethi ze-TCP, kwimeko yenethiwekhi yeTCP / IP) iphulwe kwiibhakethi kwaye ifakwe kule mikhakethi ize idluliselwe kwinethiwekhi.
Xa iipakethi zifikelela kwindawo yazo eya kuyo, ziphinde zifakwe kwi-data yasekuqaleni.
Funda ngokubanzi kwiphakethi yePP apha .
Xa Izwi lidibanisa IP
I-VoIP isebenzisa inzululwazi yezobuchwephesha ngokubanzi ukusabalalisa iipakethe zedatha kwizwi nakwiimashini .
I-IP ngokwenene apho iVoIP idonsa amandla ayo ukusuka: amandla okwenza izinto zithengise kwaye ziguquguquke; ngokusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo isithuthi se-data esele sikhona.