Indlela i-Skype izakuthatha ngayo ilizwi lakho kunye needatha kwiNet
I-Skype ayifuni ukuba ukwazi ukuba yintoni phakathi kwebhokisi okanye indlela indlela yokunxibelelana isebenza ngayo ngokusemthethweni. Kuphela kunika abantu abangaphezulu kwezigidi ezigidi ukuba kubekho udibaniso oluhle ukuthetha ngokuchanekileyo nangokukhululekile. Kodwa iingqondo ezinjengezimbi zam, kwaye mhlawumbi zikho (ekubeni ufunda le nto), ungafuni ukuhlala ungenakunqwenela ngokupheleleyo ngezinto zangaphakathi ngaphakathi. Ekugqibeleni akunjalo techie ukuba unolwazi olusisiseko lwenethiwekhi. Makhe sibone indlela ilizwi lakho elihamba ngayo xa uthetha kwi-Skype kunye noko kutshintsha ngoku.
Skype kunye neP2P
I-P2P ibhekisela kwintanga-ntanga kwaye iyindlela yokudlulisa idatha kwi-intanethi isebenzisa iikhomputha kunye nezixhobo zabasebenzisi baseSpepe (ezo zibizwa ngokuba yizitshixo) njengezixhobo zokugcina okwesikhashana nokudlulisela idatha kwabanye abasebenzisi. I-Skype yaqala ngokusekelwe kwiprothokholi yayo yaseP2P ekhoyo, eyona mihlaba kwisixhobo ngasinye somsebenzisi njengesixhobo sokudluliselwa kwedatha kwinethiwekhi.
I-Skype ichonge ezinye iinombolo njenge 'supernodes' eziza kubakho ukukhonkcoza kunye nendawo yokuguqulela idilesi yokuguqulela (NAT). Ezi node zikhethwa phakathi kwabasebenzisi abahlukeneyo, ngokuqinisekileyo ngaphandle kokuba bazi, nge-algorithm eyenziwa ukukhetha ngokusekelwe kwixesha labo lokuphumla, azinqunywanga ziinkqubo zabo zokusebenza okanye umlilo, kunye nokuhlaziywa komgaqo-nkqubo we-P2P.
Kutheni P2P?
I-P2P inikezela ngeenzuzo ezininzi, ngakumbi kwiVoIP . Ivumela inkonzo ukuba isebenzise amandla emva kwezinto ezisele zikhona kwaye zingenakunikwa kwi-intanethi. Oku kusindisa i-Skype ekubeni isetyenziswe kwaye igcine iinkonzo zangundoqo zokulawula nokuthumela idatha yezwi kunye nevidiyo kwi-intanethi. Ixesha elibanjelwe ukukhangela kunye neendawo zendawo kunye namaseva nazo zinciphisa kakhulu ngeP2P. Ngoko ke isiseko somsebenzisi ke kwisikhokelo esisemhlabeni jikelele. Umsebenzisi ngamnye omtsha odibanisa kwintanethi umele i-node kunye nemithwalo yayo yejusi efana ne-bandwidth kunye ne-infrastructure hardware, kwaye mhlawumbi i-supernode.
Kutheni i-Skype ishintshela kwi-Client-Server ne Cloud Model
Imodeli yomxhasi-mncedisi ilula - ngamnye umsebenzisi ngumxhasi oxhuma kwi-server elawulwa yi-Skype ukucela inkonzo. Abaxhasi baxhuma kumaseva afana nalolu hlobo kwindlela enye. Kwaye amaninzi apha athetha imali eninzi.
Ezi ncedisi ziphethwe ngu-Skype, ukuba zibiza ngokuba yi-'supernodes ezizinikezele', ukuba zilawula kwaye iipameters ezingayisebenzelana nazo, njengomthamo wokuxhamla amakhasimende, ukukhuselwa kwedatha njalonjalo. Emuva ngo-2012, i-Skype sele sele inezinkulungwane ezilishumi zama-supernode ezixhaswe nkampani, kwaye kwakungekaze kwenzeke ukuba nayiphi na ifowuni yomsebenzisi ukuba ikhuthazwe okanye ikhethwe njenge-supernode ehloniphekileyo.
Yintoni ephosakeleyo ngeP2P? Ngenani elikhulayo labasebenzisi abaxhunyiwe naliphi na ixesha kwixesha, ngokusondeleyo, iigidi ezingama-50, ubuchule beP2P bubuzwe, ngakumbi emva kokuphazamiseka okukhulu okubangelwa ukungakwazi ukuhlangabezana nale meko. Umthamo ophezulu weenombolo zomsebenzisi ezicela inkonzo zifuna izilungiso ezininzi kunye nobunzima.
I-Skype ibone ukunyuka okukhulu kwinani labasebenzisi abavela kwiipulatifomu ezahlukahlukeneyo ezinje nezangoku nje ezinjenge-iOS, Android kunye ne-BlackBerry. Ngoku, ukuhlukahluka kwiiplatifomu kunye ne-algorithm yokuphunyezwa eyenziwe ngeP2P i-trickier kwandisa amathuba okuhluleka.
Esinye isizathu esaphambili ngu-Skype sokufuduka kude neP2P kukusebenza kakuhle kwebhethri kumadivayisi eselula. Le minyaka yamuva ibone ukunyuka kwenani labasebenzisi abasebenzisa iibhetri zabo zokunxibelelana. Nge-P2P, ezi zixhobo ezihambayo ziza kufuneka zihlale zikunxibelelwano lwamandla olamandla, njengokuba bonke babeza kuba njengezakhi ezisebenzayo. Oku kuya kubafuna ukuba basebenzise ngaphezulu kwedatha yabo ye- 3G okanye ye- 4G , ngaloo ndlela bangadli nje ijusi yebhethri kuphela kodwa nabo badla ulwazi olubi kakhulu. Abasebenzisi basebenzi be-Skype, ingakumbi abo banomnxeba abaninzi kunye neeninzi ezininzi zeengxoxo zemiyalezo, baza kubona amadivayisi abo afudumele izandla zabo kunye nebhetri yabo idla ngokukhawuleza. Umxhasi-umncedisi kunye ne-cloud-computing model kulindeleke ukuba asombulule oku.
Nangona kunjalo, emva kweengxaki kunye nokuphambanwa kwavela kwiimpaphiso ze-NSA ezinxulumene ne-wiretapping yokunxibelelana kwe-Skype, abaninzi abasebenzisi kunye nabahlalutyi baphakamise iinki zabo phezu kwenguqu ukusuka kwi-P2P ukuya kwimodi yokulawulwa kwabasebenzisi be-Skype. Ingaba utshintsho luye lwaba nezinye izizathu emva? Ingaba idatha yabasebenzisi be-Skype ikhuselekile ngoku ngoku okanye ngaphantsi koko? Imibuzo ingaphendulwa.