NAME
indlela - bonisa / usebenze itafile ye - IP yokuhamba
SYNOPSIS
indlela [ -CFvnee ]
indlela
[ -v ] [ -Intsapho ] yongeza [ -net | -host ] [i- netmask Nm] [ gw Gw] [i- metric N] [ mss M] [ iWindows iw ] [ irtt I] [ reject ] [ mod ] [ dyn ] [ buyisela ] [[ dev ] Ukuba]
indlela
[ -v ] [ -Intsapho ] del [ -net | -host ] [ gw Gw] [ netmask Nm] [i- metric N] [[ dev ] Ukuba]
indlela
[ -V ] [ --version ] [ -h ] [ --help ]
INKCAZELO
Umzila ulawula iitheyibhile zokuhamba ze - IP kernel. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokuyinhloko kukusekela iindlela ezihambayo kwiindawo ezithile okanye amanethwekhi ngokusebenzisa i-interface emva kokuqwalaselwa kwenkqubo ye- ifconfig (8).
Xa i- add or options ye- del isetyenziswe, indlela iguqula iitafile zokuhamba. Ngaphandle kwezi zikhetho, indlela ibonisa izinto ezikhoyo kwietafile zokuhamba.
IMISEBENZI
-Intsapho
sebenzisa idilesi yentsapho ekhankanyiweyo (umz. `inet '; sebenzisa' indlela -help 'uluhlu olupheleleyo).
-F
sebenza kwi-FIB ye-kernel ye-FB (i-Transfer Information Information Base). Oku kungagqibekanga.
-C
isebenze kwi- cache yokulandelela.
-v
khetha usebenziso lwe verbose.
-n
bonisa amakheli eenombolo kunokuba uzame ukufumana amagama angamafaniso. Oku kuncedo ukuba uzama ukucacisa ukuba kutheni indlela eya kumagama wegama lakho iphela.
-e
sebenzisa i- netstat (8) -endlela yokubonisa itafile yokuhamba. -eya kudala umda omde kakhulu kunye nawo onke amaparitha ukusuka kwitheyibhile yokuhamba.
del
cima indlela.
yongeza
yongeza indlela entsha.
joliswe kuyo
indawo yokunxibelelanisa okanye umphathi. Unokunika iidilesi ze-IP kumagama anesigxina okanye ama- host / network network .
-net
kujoliswe yintanethi.
-host
ithagethi ngumphathi.
NM
xa ukongeza umzila wenethiwekhi, i-netmask isetyenziswe.
gw GW
iipakethi zendlela ngokusebenzisa isango. QAPHELA: Isango elichaziweyo kufuneka lifikeleleke kuqala. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ulungise indlela ehamba phambili eya kwisango ngaphambili. Ukuba ucacisa idilesi enye yeendawo zangaphakathi zendawo, iya kusetyenziswa ukugqiba malunga ne-interface apho iipakethi kufuneka zihanjiswe khona. Le ngxube ye-BSDism hack.
M metri
setha insimu yeetriki kwikheyibhile yokusetyenziswa (esetyenziselwa iidemon zeendlela) kuMon
mss M
setha i-TCP Maximum Size Ingxenye (MSS) yokudibanisa ngale ndlela ukuya kwi-bytes. Okungagqibekanga yinkqubo ye-MTU yokunciphisa intloko, okanye i-MTU ephantsi xa kuvela indlela yokufumanisa umntu. Esi silungiselelo singasetyenziselwa ukunyanzelisa iipakethe ezincinci ze-TCP nakwezinye iziphelo xa indlela yokufumanisa umntu ingasebenzi (ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yezifoloko ezingenagqirha ezivimba iCMPP ekwahlukileyo)
window W
ukuseta ubungakanani befestile yeTCP yokudibanisa ngale ndlela ukuya kwi-W bytes. Oku kusetyenziswa kuphela kumanethiwekhi ase-AX.25 kunye nabaqhubi abakwazi ukuphendula ngokuya kwiifom zangemva.
irtt I
setha ixesha lokuqala lokujikeleza (irtt) kwiinkcukacha zeTCP kule ndlela ukuya kuma-millisecond (1-12000). Oku kusetyenziswa kuphela kumanethiwekhi aseAX.25. Ukuba akushiywanga i-RFC 1122 engekho ye-300ms.
ngafuni
faka indlela yokukhusela, eyokunyanzela indlela yokujonga indlela yokuphumelela. Oku ngumzekelo osetyenziswayo ukufihla amanethiwekhi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa indlela engagqibekanga. LOKUSEBENZISWA kokutshisa umlilo.
mod, dyn, buyisela kwakhona
faka indlela eguqukayo okanye eguquliwe. Ezi ziflegi zenzelwe iinjongo zokuxilonga, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zibekwa kuphela zizondlo zedemoni.
dev Ukuba
nyanzela indlela eya kudibaniswa nedivayisi ecacisiweyo, njengoko i-kernel izakuzama ukukhetha idivaysi yodwa (ngokukhangela iindlela ezikhoyo kunye neenkcukacha zecandelo, kwaye apho indlela yongezwa khona). Kwiintanethi ezininzi eziqhelekileyo awudingi le nto.
Ukuba i- dev Ukuba iyona ndlela yokugcina kumgca wolawulo, igama dev lingashiywanga, njengoko lingagqibekanga. Ngaphandle koko umyalelo wendlela yokuguqula indlela (i-metric - netmask-gw-dev) ayinandaba.
I MI ZEKELO
engeza indlela -net 127.0.0.0
Ungezelela ukungena okuqhelekileyo kokungena, usebenzisa i-netmask 255.0.0.0 (itekisi ye-A, esetyenziswe kwidilesi yokuya kuyo) kwaye idibene ne "lo" ifowuni (ekucingeni ukuba le fowuni yayisetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo ngokuchanekileyo kunye neconconfig (8)).
yongeza indlela -net 192.56.76.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev0
ungeze umzila kwinethiwekhi 192.56.76.x nge "eth0". I-Class C netmask modifier ayifuni ngokwenene apha ngenxa ye-192. * yile dilesi yeC k IP. Igama elithi "dev" lingashiywa apha.
umzila wongeza i-gw mango-gw
yongeza indlela engagqibekanga (eya kusetyenziswa ukuba akukho mnye umdlalo). Zonke iipakethi ezisebenzisa le ndlela ziza kuhanjiswa "nge-mango-gw". Isixhobo esiya kusetyenziswa ngokwenene kuloo ndlela sixhomekeke kwindlela esinokufikelela ngayo "imango-gw" - indlela ehambayo eya kwi "mango-gw" iya kufuneka isetyenziswe ngaphambili.
yongeza i-ipx4 sl0
Ukongeza umzila kwi-"ipx4" umphathi nge-interface ye-SLIP (ecinga ukuba "ipx4" ngumphathi we-SLIP).
yongeza indlela -net 192.57.66.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw ipx4
Lo myalelo uneza umnatha "192.57.66.x" ukuba ungeniswe kwindlela eya phambili eya kwi-interface ye-SLIP.
yongeza innet -net 224.0.0.0 netmask 240.0.0.0 dev0
Le yinto engacacile ebhalwe phantsi ukuze abantu bazi indlela yokwenza. Oku kusetha yonke iklasi D (i-multicast) iindlela ze-IP zokuhamba nge "eth0". Lo ngumgca oqhelekileyo wokucwangcisa umgca nge-kernel ye-multicasting.
yongeza innet -net 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 inqatshelwe
Oku kufaka indlela yokulahla inethiwekhi yabucala "10.xxx"
UKUSEBENZA
Imveliso yetafile yendlela yokuguqula i-kernel ihlelwe kule mihlathi elandelayo
Indawo
Umnatha womnxeba okanye indawo yokuya kuyo.
Gateway
Idilesi yesango okanye '*' ukuba akukho namnye obekwe.
Genmask
I-netmask ye-net destination; '255.255.255.255' ngenjongo yokuhlala kwaye '0.0.0.0' yendlela engagqibekanga .
Iiflegi
Iiflegi ezinokwenzeka ziquka
U (indlela iphakanyisiwe )
H (ekujoliswe kuyo)
G (sebenzisa isango )
R ( ubuyisele indlela yokuhamba ngendlela enamandla)
D (i- dynamically efakwe ngu-daemon okanye iqondise kwakhona)
M ( utshintshile kwi-daemon yokuhamba okanye uqondise kwakhona)
A (efakwe ngu- addrconf )
C (ukungena kwecache )
! ( ukulahla indlela)
Metric
'Umgama' ekujoliswe kuyo (ngokuqhelekileyo kubalwe kwiihagi). Ayinasetyenziswa ngama-kernels asandul 'ukutsha, kodwa kunokufunwa ngeedemem zendlela.
Ref
Inombolo yeziboniso kule ndlela. (Ayisebenzisi kwi kernel ye Linux.)
Sebenzisa
Inani lookups kwendlela. Kuxhomekeke ekusebenziseni -F kunye -C oku kuya kuba yindlela yokugcina i-cache (-F) okanye i-hits (-C).
Iface
Isiqhagamshelo apho iipakethi zale ndlela ziza kuthunyelwa.
MSS
Ubungakanani obukhulu bokubambisa ubungakanani bexwebhu lweTCP kule ndlela.
Ifowuni
Ubungakanani befowuni bokungqinelana kweTCP kule ndlela.
irtt
I-RTT yokuqala (Ixesha eliPhezulu lokuHlola). I-kernel isebenzisa le nto ukuqiqa malunga nemigqaliselo yeTCP yomgaqo-nkqubo engcono ngaphandle kokulinda (mhlawumbi iphendule).
HH (igcinwe kuphela)
Inombolo ye-ARP engenayo kunye neendlela ezigcinwe kuzo ezibhekisele kwi-hardware ye-header cache kwindlela egcinwe kuyo. Oku kuya kuba -1 ukuba idilesi yehadiwe ayifuniyo kwi-interface yendlela egcinwe kuyo (umz. Lo).
I-Arp (igcinwe kuphela)
Ingaba okanye idilesi ye-hardware yendlela egcinwe kuyo ifikelele ngoku.
BONA KWAKHO
Kubalulekile: Sebenzisa umyalelo womntu ( % umntu ) ukubona indlela umyalelo usetyenziswa ngayo kwiikhomputha yakho ethile.