Indlela Yokudala I-Hexdump Yefayili okanye Ifowuni Yombhalo

Intshayelelo

Ukulahlwa kweheksi yombono we-hexadecimal of data. Unokunqwenela ukusebenzisa i-hexadecimal xa uphawula inkqubo okanye ukubuyisela injini kwiprogram.

Ngokomzekelo, ezininzi iifom zefayile zineenkcukacha ezithile zeeteksi ukubonisa uhlobo lwazo. Ukuba uzama ukufunda ifayile usebenzisa inkqubo kwaye ngesizathu esithile ayiyikulayisha ngokuchanekileyo, mhlawumbi ukuba ifayile ayikho kwifom ekulindelekileyo.

Ukuba ufuna ukubona indlela inkqubo isebenza ngayo kwaye ungenayo ikhowudi yomthombo okanye isiqwenga sesofthiwe esichaza iinjongo zekhowudi, unokwazi ukujonga ukukhutshwa kwe-hex ukuze uzame ukwenza into eyenzekayo.

Iyini iHexadecimal?

Iikhomputha zicinga ngebhinari . Yonke impawu, inombolo kunye nesimboli iboniswe ngongoma obuncinci okanye obuninzi bebhanari.

Abantu, nangona kunjalo, bathambekele ekucingeni kwisidanga.

Mawaka Amakhulu Amashumi Units
1 0 1 1

Njengabantu, iinombolo zethu ezincinci zibizwa ngokuba ngamaqumrhu kwaye zimela amanani 0 ukuya ku-9. Xa sifika kwi-10 senza kwakhona iinqununu zekholomu ukuya kwi-0 kwaye ungeze 1 kwikholam yamashumi (10).

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1

Kwibhanari, inani eliphantsi kakhulu limela u-0 kunye no-1. Xa siphelile 1 sifaka i-1 kwikholamu yesi-2 kunye ne-0 kwikholamu eyi-1. Xa ufuna ukumela 4 ubeka i-1 kwikholam ye-4 kwaye usethe kwakhona ikholamu ye-2 kunye ne-1.

Ngoko ke ukumela 15 uza kuba ne-1111 emele i-sibhozo, i-1 yezine, i-1 kunye ne-1 enye. (8 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 15).

Ukuba sibheke ifayile yedatha kwifom yebhinqa, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo sisuka kwi-binary yi-octal, esisebenzisa i-8 njengenombolo yesiseko.

24 16 8 1
0 1 1 0

Kwikhompyutha ye-octal ikholam yokuqala iya kusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-7, ikholam yesibili i-8 ukuya kwe-15, ikholamu yesithathu 16 kuya ku-23 kunye nekhole yesine 24 kuya ku-31 njalo njalo. Nangona ngokubanzi kulula ukuyifunda kunokuba abantu abaninzi banqwenela ukusebenzisa i-hexadecimal.

I-hexadecimal isebenzisa i-16 njengenombolo yesiseko. Ngoku le ndawo idideka kuba njengabantu sicinga ngamanani njenge-0 ukuya ku-9.

Ngoko yintoni esetyenziselwa i-10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15? Impendulo yileta.

Ixabiso elingu-100 limele ke li-64. Uya kulufuna i-6 yekholamu ye-16 ekhupha 96 kunye ne-4 kwiiyunithi zekholamu ezenza 100.

Bonke abalinganiswa kwifayile baya kuboniswa ngexabiso le-hexadecimal. Ezi zithintelo zithini kuxhomekeke kwifomathi yefayile ngokwayo. Ifomathi yefayili ibonakaliswe yimilinganiselo ye-hexadecimal evame ukugcinwa ekuqaleni kwefayili.

Ngolwazi ngokulandelelana kweempawu ze- hexadecimal ezibonakala ekuqaleni kweefayile, unokukwazi ukwenza ngesandla ukuba yiyiphi ifomathi efayile. Ukujonga ifayile kwi-hex yokulahla kunokukunceda ukuba ufumane iimpawu ezifihliweyo ezingabonakaliyo xa ifayili ilayishwe kwisihleli sombhalo oqhelekileyo.

Indlela yokudala i-Hex Dump usebenzisa i-Linux

Ukwenza i-hex disump usebenzisa i-Linux sebenzisa umyalelo we-hexdump.

Ukubonisa ifayile njenge-hex kwisigxina (umgangatho oqhelekileyo) sebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo:

ifayile ye hexdump

Umzekelo

hexdump image.png

Imveliso engapheliyo iya kubonisa inombolo yomgca (kwifom ye-hexadecimal) kunye neeseti eziyi-8 zeemali ezine-hexadecimal per line.

Umzekelo:

00000000 5089 474e 0a0d 0a1a 0000 0d00 4849 5244

Unokunikezela ukutshintsha okuhlukeneyo ukutshintsha umkhiqizo ongagqibekanga. Umzekelo ukucacisa ukutshintsha kwe-minus b kuza kuvelisa i-offset ye-digital e-8 elandelwe ngu-16 ikholomu emithathu, izaliswe zero, ii-byte zedatha yenkalo kwifomati ye-octal.

hexdump -b image.png

Ngako oko umzekelo ongentla ungokumelwa ngale ndlela:

00000000 211 120 116 107 015 012 032 012 000 000 000 015 111 110 104 122

Ifomati engentla iyaziwa njengomboniso octal owodwa.

Enye indlela yokujonga ifayile ibonisa ukubonakalisa uhlobo lwe-byte usebenzisa i-minus c.

hexdump -c image.png

Oku kwakhona kubonisa ukucwangciswa kodwa okwangoku kulandelwa iindawo ezilishumi elinesibhozo, iikholam ezintathu, izalathisi ezizalisiweyo zendawo yedatha yenkalo ngomgca.

Ezinye iinketho ziquka i-hexical hex + ascii bonisi ebonakalayo esebenzisa ukutshintsha kwe-C kunye ne-byte byte yesibonisi esingabonakaliswa ngokusebenzisa ukutshintshwa kwe-minus. Ukutshintshwa kweminye o kungasetyenziselwa ukubonisa isibonakaliso se-octal ezimbini. Ekugqibeleni umbane we-minux ungasetyenziselwa ukubonisa isibonakaliso se-hexadecimal ezimbini.

hexdump -C umfanekiso.png

hexdump -d image.png

hexdump -o image.png

hexdump -x umfanekiso.png

Ukuba akukho fom ifakwe apha ngasentla ifanelana neemfuno zakho ukuba usebenzise i-minus e ukutshintsha ukuchaza ifomathi.

Ukuba uyazi ukuba ifayile yedata ide kakhulu kwaye ufuna nje ukubona abalinganiswa bokuqala ukukhetha uhlobo lwayo ongayisebenzisa -ntshintshela ukuba uchaze ukuba uninzi lwefayili eliza kubonakalisa kwi-hex.

hexdump -n100 umfanekiso.png

Umyalelo ongentla ungabonakalisa ii-bytes zokuqala.

Ukuba ufuna ukunqumla isahlulo sefayili ungasebenzisa ukutshintsha kweminus ukusetha i-offset ukuze uqale.

hexdump -s10 umfanekiso.png

Ukuba awuyi kunika igama lefayile isicatshulwa sifundwe kwi-input standard.

Ngenisa nje umyalelo olandelayo:

hexdump

Emva koko faka isicatshulwa kwi-input standard kwaye uqedile ngokuthayipha ukuyeka. I-hex iya kuboniswa kwisiphumo esisezantsi.

Isishwankathelo

Umbutho we-hexdump ngokucacileyo kuyisisombululo esinamandla kwaye kufuneka ufunde ngokucacileyo iphepha leencwadi ukuze ufikelele kwizinto zonke.

Uya kufuneka kwakhona ukuqonda kakuhle oko ufunayo xa ufunda umphumo.

Ukujonga iphepha leencwadi liqhuba lo myalelo olandelayo:

indoda i-hexdump