Ingxaki ebalulekileyo yokusebenzisa abasebenzisi abasha xa kufaka i-Linux ilawula ingcamango yokuhlukanisa i-hard drive.
Abantu abazama iLuxux ngokokuqala ngangoko bafuna ukuphinda baqhube nge-Windows ukuze babe nolwazi olukhuselekileyo lokukhusela.
Ingxaki kukuba i-boal booting ingumsebenzi onzima kunokuba ufake i-Linux ngqo kwi-hard drive njengendlela yokusebenza kuphela.
Le, ngelishwa, inika ingcinga engafanelekanga yokuba i-Linux nzima ukuyifaka. Inyaniso kukuba i-Linux yindlela yokusebenza yodwa ehlinzeka ukhetho lokuphinda kabini. Kungenakwenzeka ukufaka i-Linux kuqala kwaye ufake iWindows njengenkqubo yesibini.
Isizathu esibalulekileyo kukuba iWindows ifuna ukuba yinto ebalulekileyo kwaye ithathe yonke idrayivu.
Isixhobo esihle kakhulu se-Linux esekelwe ukwahlula i-hard drive yakho i-GParted kwaye ifumaneka kwiimifanekiso ezininzi eziphilayo ze-Linux distribution.
Esi sikhokelo sichaza umsebenzisi wesibonakaliso kwaye sinikeza uluvo olugqithisileyo lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zohlulo.
Umsebenzisi womsebenzisi
I-GParted ineemenyu phezulu phezulu kunye nebhayibhile phantsi.
Ikhonkco ebalulekileyo, nangona kunjalo, inomfanekiso wesichazi-diski ekhethiweyo kunye netafile ekwahlula zonke iindidi.
Kwikhoneni eliphezulu lasekunene, uza kubona uluhlu lokuhlahlela oluye lwahlula kwi / dev / sda. Uluhlu luqulethe uluhlu lwezinto ezikhoyo.
Kwi-laptop ephathekayo, uya kubona kuphela / dev / sda yintoni i-hard drive. Ukuba ufaka i-USB drive iya kwongezwa kwoluhlu njenge / dev / sdX (ie / dev / sdb, / dev / sdc, / dev / sdd).
Iibhloko ezithintekayo (enye encinci, enye inkulu) yolulela ngaphantsi kwesikrini. Ixande ngalinye libonisa ukwahlula kwi-hard drive yakho.
Itafile ngaphantsi ibonisa inkcazo yesicatshulwa ngasinye sahlulo kwaye iquka ulwazi olulandelayo:
- I sahlulo
- Igama
- Ifayile yeFayile
- Mount Point
- Ileta
- Size
- Se tyenziswa
- Akusetyenziswa
- Iiflegi
Iziqendu
Umfanekiso ongentla ukhankanya ukwahlula okusekwe kwipopopu endiyisebenzisayo ekubhaliseni esi sikhokelo. Ikhomputha okwangoku isetyenziselwa ukuqala izixhobo zokusebenza ezintathu:
- Windows 10
- Ubuntu
- Makulu Linux
Kwiinkqubo ezindala (ngaphambi kwe-UEFI) iWindows ngokuqhelekileyo iza kuthatha isahlulo esisodwa esikhulu esithatha yonke idiski. Abanye abakhiqizi bafaka ukwahlula ukubuyisela kwi-drive kwaye ngoko unokufumanisa ukuba iikhomputha ezangezidala zineengxenye ezimbini.
Ukwenza indawo yeLuxux kwiikhomputha zangaphambili ze-UEFI ungathatha iWindows partition kwaye uyayiphonsa usebenzisa iGParted. Ukunciphisa isahlulo seWindows kwakuya kushiya indawo engabonakaliyo apho ungayisebenzisa ukuze udale ii-Linux partitions.
Ukusekwa ngokusemgangathweni kwe Linux kwikhompyutheni ye-UEFI kwangaphambili kuza kubandakanywa amahlulo amathathu:
- Umsuka
- Ikhaya
- Shintsha
Inxalenye yeengcambu yayiya kuba uza kufaka i Linux, isahlulelo sasekhaya sigcina onke amaxwebhu akho, umculo, iividiyo kunye nezicwangciso zoqwalaselo. Ukwahlula okutshintshiselwayo kuya kusetyenziswa ukugcina iinkqubo ezingasebenzi, ukukhupha imemori kwezinye izicelo.
Ukukhupha i-Windows XP, i-Vista kunye ne-7 kunye ne-Linux uza kuba neengxenye ezine ezilandelayo (5 ukuba ugcine ukwahlula kwakhona)
- Windows
- Umsuka
- Ikhaya
- Shintsha
Kwiinkqubo ezisekelwe ku- UEFI kuyaqhelekile ukuba neenxalenye ezininzi nangona uqhuba iWindows 8 okanye 10.
Ukujonga kwisakhiwo sam disk esiphezulu (esinikezelweyo sinamaqela amaninzi amaninzi ngenxa yokusekwa kwe-boot kathathu) ezi zilandelayo zikhoyo:
- I-EFI (/ dev / sda1)
- I-Microsoft Reserved Partition (/ dev / sda2)
- Windows (/ dev / sda3)
- Ubuntu (/ dev / sda6)
- Makulu (/ dev / sda7)
- Isahlulelo se-NTFS (/ dev / sda4)
- isikhala esingabonakaliyo
- utshintshe (/ dev / sda5)
Ukunyaniseka oku akukona ukusetyenzwa okukodwa.
Kwikhompyuter e-UEFI, kufuneka ube ne-EFI system partition. (512 MB ngobukhulu). Oku kubanzi apho ufaka i-bootloader ye-GRUB xa ukhuthazwa yi-Linux efakwe.
Ukuba uceba ukuphinda usebenze nge-Windows kwaye uza kufuneka ezi zilandelayo:
- EFI
- Windows (NTFS)
- I-Linux Root Partition (okt EXT4)
- Shintsha
Unokukhetha ukongeza isahlulo sekhaya kodwa oku akunjalo kubalulekile namhlanje. Imfuno yesahlulo sokutshintsha iphakanyiswe kwakhona kwingxoxo.
Ukuhlaziya iiSahlulo
Ukuze ufake i Linux kwisahlulo sayo, kuya kufuneka wenze indawo kwaye indlela elula yokwenza oku kukunciphisa i-Windows partition.
Nqakraza ngakwesokudla kwi-Windows partition (Yinxalenye enkulu ye-NTFS) kwaye ukhethe ushicilelo / uhambe kwimenyu.
Iwindow entsha iya kubonakala ngeendlela ezilandelayo:
- Isikhala samahhala esandulelayo
- Uhlobo olutsha
- Isikhala samahhala esilandelayo
- Ukulungelelanisa
Yilumke kakhulu xa uhambisa isahlulo. Ukunyaniseka andiyikuncoma ukwenza loo nto.
Into ebalulekileyo ukuyiqwalasela umyalezo obonisa ubungakanani obuncinci besahlulelo. Ukuba uhamba ngezantsi ubuncinane ubuncinane uya kutshabalalisa nayiphina inkqubo yokusebenza okwangoku ehlala kwinqanaba.
Ukuhlaziya isahlulo faka ubungakanani obutsha kwi-megabytes. Ngokuqhelekileyo, udinga ubuncinci be-gigabyte ezili-10 kodwa ngokwenene kufuneka uvumele ubuncinane ama-gigabhaytes angama-20 kwaye mhlawumbi ama-gigabyte angama-50 okanye ngaphezulu.
I-gigabyte i-megabytes eyi-1000 (okanye i-1024 megabytes ibe yinto echanekileyo). Ukuhlawulela isahlulo esinama-gigabytes angama-100 ukuya kuma-gigabyte ngamashumi ama-50 gigabyte ngobukhulu kwaye ngoko kushiya isigaba sama-gigabyte esingama-50 engabonakaliyo singena kwi-50000.
Konke okufuneka uyenze ngoko ukchofoza uqobo / uhambe.
Indlela Yokudala Iingxenye Ezintsha
Ukwenza isahlulo esitsha kufuneka ube nendawo engabonakaliyo.
Cofa kwikwahlula kwendawo engabonakaliyo kwaye nqakraza kwisimboli esicwangcisiweyo kwibar yomthamo okanye nqakraza ngakwesokudla uze ukhethe "entsha".
Iwindow entsha ibonakala ngeendlela ezilandelayo:
- Isikhala samahhala esandulelayo
- Ubukhulu obutsha
- Isikhala samahhala esilandelayo
- Ukulungelelanisa
- Yakha njenge
- Igama lokwahlula
- Ifayile yefayile
- Ileta
Ngokuqhelekileyo, unomdla kwisayizi esitsha, yakha nje, igama, ifayile yenkqubo kunye nelebula.
Ibhokisi elitsha lebhokisi lihluke ngokupheleleyo kwisixa esipheleleyo sendawo engabonakaliyo. Ukuba unenjongo yokudala ii-partitions (okt i-partition and swap partition) uzakufuna ukunciphisa ubungakanani ukuvumela ukudala isahlulo sesi-2.
I-creatas inezintlobo ezintathu ezinokwenzeka:
- EziPrayimari
- Ingqiqo
- Ukwandiswa
Kumashishini asebekhulile, unokufumana amaqhekeza angundoqo kwi-4 kodwa ngoomatshini ase-UEFI unokufumana ngaphezulu.
Ukuba sele sele unamaqhekeza angundoqo e-4 kwiikhomputha endala kwaye unokudala isahlulo esilungileyo kwisinye seziqephu zokuqala ezisetyenziswayo kunye neLuxu. I-Linux inokuqalisa kwizahlulo ezinengqiqo.
Igama lokuhlukanisa ligama elichazayo lokwahlula.
Inkqubo yefayile ingaba yenye yezi zinto zilandelayo:
- btrfs
- exfat
- ext2
- ext3
- ext4
- f2fs
- fat16
- fat32
- hfs
- hfs +
- lfs
- tshintsha
- lvm2
- ntfs
- reiser2
- ufs
- xfs
I-partition eyinhloko yeLuxux inemilinganiselo efanelekileyo yokusebenzisa ukwahlukana kwe-ext4 kwaye ngokucacileyo, isahlulelo sokutshintsha siza kusetyenziselwa ukutshintsha.
Ukususa iiSahlulo
Unokucima isahlulo esingasetshenziswanga ngokuchofoza ngakwesokudla kwaye ukhetha ukususa. Oku kuncedo ukuba ufake i Linux kwaye ufuna ukuyicima. Ngaphandle koko, unokuklibanisa isangqa kunye nomgca nge icon.
Emva kokususa ukwahlula kwe-Linux unokwenza uhlalutye isahlulo seWindows ukuze isebenzise isikhala esingekho kwindawo esisele emva kokususa ukwahlula.
Ukufakela iiSahlulo
Ungayifometha isahlulo ngokuchofoza ngakwesokudla kwihlulo kunye nokukhetha ifomathi. Unokukhetha ke naziphi na iintlobo zokwahlula ezibalwe ngaphambili.
Ulwazi lokwahlula
Unokufumana ulwazi oluninzi malunga nokwahlula ngokuchofoza ngokuchanekileyo kwihlulo kunye nokukhetha ulwazi.
Ingcaciso enikeziwe ifana neyo kwi tafile ephezulu kodwa uya kukwazi ukubona ii-cylinders zokuqala nokuphela.
Ukwenza utshintsho
Ukudala izahlulo, ukunciphisa izahlulo, ukufometha ukwahlula kunye nokususwa kweesahlulo konke kwenzeka kwimemori de uze wenze iinguqulelo.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ungadlala ngeenxa zonke ngeesahlulo kwi-drive yakho ngaphandle kokuphula nantoni na.
Ukuba wenze iphutha ungakhetha kuphela ukucima yonke imenyu yokukhetha imenyu kwimenyu yokuhlela.
Ukwenza iinguqulelo cofa iqela kwibar ye toolbar okanye ukhethe ukusebenzisa yonke imenyu yokukhetha imenyu kwimenyu yokuhlela.