Oko kufuneka ukwazi malunga nokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber kunye nendlela yokuzikhusela
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Cyber kungathatha iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokungcolisa ulwazi lomntu siqu ukufumana ukulawula iikhomputha kunye nokufuna ihlawulelo-ngokuqhelekileyo kuhlawulwa ngendlela ye- cryptocurrency- ukukhulula lolawulo. Kwaye isizathu sokuba ezi zihlaselo zisasazeke ngokukhawuleza kuba kuba kunzima ukuzibona.
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Cyber
Ukuqonda ukwesatshiswa kwe-cyber kunye nokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber kuphela yinxalenye yolwazi olufunekayo ukukhusela. Kufuneka uye wazi nendlela ukuhlaselwa kwe-cyber. Uninzi lwezihlaselo zidibanisa ii-tantics ze-semantic ezisetyenziselwa ubugcisa okanye, ngokwemigqaliselo elula, uzame ukutshintsha indlela yokuziphatha komsebenzisi ngekhompyutheni.
Ngokomzekelo, i -imeyile ye-phishing ekhankanywe ngezantsi. Ubunjineli benzululwazi kunye nohlobo lwesofthiwe yokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber - ii-virus okanye iimbungu - zisetyenziselwa ukukukhohlisa ekunikezeni ulwazi okanye ukukhuphela iifayile ezityalo ikhowudi kwikhompyutheni yakho ukutshintsha ulwazi lwakho. Naliphi na lezi ndlela zingachazwa njenge-cyber attack.
Ziziphi izinto zokuhlaselwa kwe-Cyber Zibukeka
Ngoko, kubonakala ngathi ukuhlasela kwe-cyber? Ingaba ngumyalezo obonakala ephuma kwi-bhanki yakho okanye kwikhadi lekhadi lesikweletu. Kubonakala ngathi liphuthuma kwaye iquka unxibelelwano ukucofa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhangele ngokukhawuleza kwi-imeyile, unokufumana izikhombisi ezingenakuba yinyani.
Khangela i-pointer yakho phezu kwekhonkco ( kodwa ungayikrofa ), jonga kwidilesi yewebhu ebonisa ngaphaya kwekhonkco okanye kwicala eliphantsi lasekhohlo kwesikrini sakho. Ingaba ikhonkco ibonakala iyinyani, okanye ingenayo i-gibberish, okanye amagama angabandakanywa nebhanki yakho? I-imeyile inakho nokuba ne-typos okanye ibonakala ngathi ibhaliwe ngumntu othetha isiNgesi njengelwimi lwesibini.
Enye indlela ukuhlaselwa kwe-cyber kwenzeka xa ukhuphela ifayile equlethe ikhowudi enobungozi, ngokuqhelekileyo ibhokhwe okanye ihashe iTrojan. Oku kuya kwenzeka ngokukhuphela iifayile ze-imeyile, kodwa kunokukwenzeka xa ukhupha iifayili, iividiyo kunye neefayile zomculo kwi-intanethi. Zininzi iinkonzo zokwabelana ngefayile apho unokukhuphela khona iincwadi, iimviezo, imiboniso yamabonwakude, umculo, kunye nemidlalo yokukhulula, zihlala zijoliswe zizigwenxa. Baza kulayisha amawaka eefayili ezifayiliweyo ezibonakala ngathi yilokho ucelayo, kodwa ngokukhawuleza xa uvula ifayile, ikhompyutha yakho isulelekile kwaye intsholongwane, imbungu, okanye ihhashi leTrojan liqala ukusasazeka.
Iindawo ze-webhsayithi ezithelelekileyo zihanjelwe enye indlela yokuthabatha zonke iindlela zokusongela i-cyber. Yaye ingxaki kwiziko le-HIV kukuba zihlala zibukeka nje njengezitshixo kunye nezobuchwepheshe njengamawebhsayithi afanelekileyo. Awunokwikrokre ukuba ikhompyutha yakho isulelekile xa ushonga isayithi okanye wenze ukuthenga.
Ukuqonda iisongelo zeCyber
Enye yezona zixhobo ezinkulu zokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber ukuziphatha komntu. Nokuba ukhuseleko olukufutshane, lukhuseleko luyakwazi ukukukhusela xa uvula umnyango kwaye uvumele isenzo sobugebengu kuyo. Kungenxa yoko kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba yiyiphi iisongelo, indlela yokujonga ukuhlaselwa, kunye nendlela yokuzikhusela.
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Cyber kungahlelwa kwiibhakethi ezimbini: ukuhlaselwa kwe-syntactic kunye nokuhlaselwa kwe-semantic.
Ukuhlaselwa kweCyber
Ukuhlaselwa kwezinto zintlobo zentlobo ezahlukeneyo zesofthiwe enobungozi ehlasela ikhomputer yakho ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Iintlobo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zesofthiwe ezisetyenziselwa ukuhlaselwa kwe-syntactic ziquka:
- Iintsholongwane: Intsholongwane yinkqutyana yesofthiwe engakwazi ukuxhamla kwenye ifayile okanye inkqubo yokuvelisa. Olu hlobo lwesofthiwe lufumaneka rhoqo kwiifayile ezifayiliweyo kunye nezikhonkco ze-imeyile. Xa ukhupha isinamathiselo okanye uqalise ukukhuphela, intsholongwane isebenze, iphindaphinda, kwaye izithumele kuwo wonke umntu kwifayile yakho yoqhagamshelwano.
- Iifom: Iifomo azidingi enye ifayile okanye inkqubo yokuphinda iphinde iphaneke. Ezi zixhobo ezincinci zesoftware nazo zinobuchule kwaye ziyakwazi ukuqokelela nokuthumela idatha kwindawo echaziweyo usebenzisa ulwazi malunga nenethwekhi. Iimbongolo zichaphazela ikhompyutha xa zithunyelwa ngezinye iziqhagamshelo zesofthiwe kwinethiwekhi. Yingakho ama-shishini amaninzi ahlaselwa yi-cyber ukuhlaselwa okukhulu, kuba i-worm isasazeka nge-network.
- Iikhompi zeTrojan: Njengamahhashi aseTrojan asetyenziswa ngamaGrike kwiMfazwe yeTrojan, ihashe ye-trober ye-cyber ibonakala into engenasici, kodwa impela ifihle into engenanto. Ihashe le-trojan ingaba i-imeyile ebonakala ngathi ivela kwinkampani ethembekileyo, xa eqinisweni, ithunyelwe ngabenzi bezono okanye ngabadlali ababi.
Ukuhlaselwa kweCybertic Cyber
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Semantic kuninzi malunga nokutshintsha umbono okanye ukuziphatha komntu okanye inhlangano ehlaselwa. Kukho ukugxininiswa okuncinane kufakwe kwisofthiwe echaphazelekayo.
Ngokomzekelo, ukuhlaselwa kwe-phishing uhlobo lohlaselo lwe-semantic. Ukukhwabanisa kwenzeka xa umdlali ombi ethumela ii-imeyili ezama ukuqokelela ulwazi kummkeli. I-imeyile ibonakala ivela kwinkampani enokwenza ibhankini kwaye ithi i-akhawunti yakho iyancitshiswa. Uyalelwe ukuba ucofe ngekhonkco kwaye unikele ngolwazi oluchanekileyo ukuqinisekisa i-akhawunti yakho.
Ukuhlaselwa kweentambo kungenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwesoftware, kwaye kungabandakanya iimpompo okanye ii-virus, kodwa iqela eliphambili leentlobo zokuhlaselwa yinjineli yenzululwazi - inzame yokutshintsha indlela umntu aziphatha ngayo xa ephendula kwi-imeyili. Ubunjineli bezentlalo budibanisa zombini iindlela zokuhlaselwa kunye nezokusetyenzana.
Kuyafana nokuhlawulela i-ransomware , uhlobo lokuhlaselwa apho ikhodi encinane yekhowudi ithatha inkqubo yecomputer yabasebenzisi (okanye inethiwekhi yenkampani) kwaye ifuna intlawulo, ngohlobo lwe-cryptocurrency, okanye imali yedijithali, ukukhutshwa kwenethiwekhi. I-Ransomware ijoliswe kumashishini, kodwa ingajoliswe nakwabanye ukuba ngabaphulaphuli baninzi ngokwaneleyo.
Olunye uhlaselo lwe-cyber lunomtshini wokubulala, okuyinto indlela yekhompyutheni enokumisa umsebenzi wokuhlaselwa. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha iinkampani zokhuseleko ixesha-naphi na kwiiyure ukuya kwiintsuku - emva kokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber kufumaneka ukufumana ukuguqulwa kokubulala. Ngale ndlela kwenzeka ukuba ezinye izihlaselo zifikelele kwinani elikhulu lamaxhoba kanti abanye bafikelela ezimbalwa.
Unokuzikhusela njani kwiiNgcaciso zeCyber
Kubonakala ngathi ukuhlasela kwe-cyber enkulu kwenzeka rhoqo imihla e-US Ngoko, uzikhusela njani? Awunakholelwa, kodwa ngaphandle kokuba ne-firewall enhle kunye ne-antivirus efakwe, kukho iindlela ezilula zokuqinisekisa ukuba awuyi kuba nexhoba lokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber:
- Gcina iimfihlo zakho, mfihlelo. Musa ukwabelana ngolwazi lwakho lomntu kwi-intanethi ngaphandle kokuba uqinisekile ukuba ujongene newebhu ekhuselekileyo. Indlela engcono yokuxelela ukuba isayithi ikhuselekile okanye akunjalo ukujonga "i" kwi URL (okanye idilesi yewebhu) kwisayithi oya kumtyelela. Isayithi elingaphephile liya kuqala nge http: // ngelixa indawo ekhuselekileyo iya kuqala nge http: //.
- Musa nje ucofa. Ungaqakraza iikhonkco kwiimeyile. Nokuba ucinga ukuba uyazi ukuba ngubani i-imeyile evela. Kwakhona, musa ukukhuphela iifayile. Umntu kuphela ngaphandle kwalo mgaqo kukuba ukulindele ukuba umntu akuthumelele umnxibelelwano okanye ifayile. Ukuba uthethe nabo kweli lizwe kwaye uyazi apho unxibelelwano luya kukhokelela okanye oko kuza kufakwa ifayile, ngoko kulungile. Kuzo naziphi na ezinye iimeko, nje ungaqakraza. Ukuba ufumana i-imeyile evela kwibhankini okanye kwikhadi lekhadi lekhredithi elikubuzayo, vala i-imeyile kwaye uthayiphe ibhanki okanye idilesi yenkampani yemakhadi yesikweletu ngqo kwi-browser yakho. Kulungile, nceda ubize inkampani uze ubuze ngomyalezo.
- Gcina inkqubo yakho ibe yiminyaka. AbaHackers bahlala kwiikhompyutheni eziphelelwe yisikhathi kwaye ezingazange zibe nezibuyekezo zokuphepha okanye ama-patches efakwe ngexesha elide. Baye bafunda iindlela zokufikelela kwiikhompyutheni yakho, kwaye ukuba awufaki ukuhlaziywa okanye ukukhusela okukhuselekileyo, ngoko uvula umnyango kwaye uyabamema. Ukuba unokuvumela ukuhlaziywa ngokuzenzekelayo kwikhompyutheni yakho, yenza njalo. Ukuba akunjalo, yenze kube ngumkhuba wokufakela ngokukhawuleza ukuhlaziywa kunye neentlanzi ngokukhawuleza ukuba uyaziswa ukuba ziyafumaneka. Ukugcina inkqubo yakho isesikolweni esinye sezixhobo zakho eziphambili ngokubhekiselele ekuhlaselweni kwe-cyber.
- Njalo unayo yokugcina. Ukuba zonke ezinye izinto zihluleka, ukuba ne-backup yazo zonke iifayile zakho ziqinisekisa ukuba unokubuyela kwisiqhelo ngaphandle kwexesha. Ulawulo lwesigwityu kukuba kufuneka wenze i-backup nayiphi na ixesha wenza utshintsho kwikhompyutha yakho, njengokungeza inkqubo entsha okanye ukutshintsha izicwangciso, ubuncinane kanye ngeveki. Ukugcinwa kwezinto kufuneka kwakhona kugcinwe kwikhompyutheni yakho. Phinda ulandele iifayile zakho kwifu okanye i-hard drive ekhutshweyo, ngoko ukuba idatha yakho iphelile nge-encrypted, unokwazi ukubuyisela kwi-backup yakho kwaye ulungile.