Zonke iidiski kunye nokuqhuma kanzima ziyahlula zibe ngamacandelo amancinci. Icandelo lokuqala libizwa ngokuba li candelo lebhokisi eliqulethe kwaye liqulethe i- Master Boot Record (MBR). I-MBR iqulethe ulwazi malunga neendawo zokwahlula kwi-drive kunye nokufunda kwesahluko sokusebenza sendlela yokusebenza. Ngethuba lokulandelelana kwe-bootup kwi-PC yase-DOS-based, i-BIOS isesha iifayile zenkqubo ezithile, i-IO.SYS kunye ne-MS-DOS.SYS. Xa ezo fayile zikhona, i-BIOS iphinda ifune icandelo lokuqala kule disk okanye idrayivu kwaye ilayishe ulwazi lweRekodi ye-Master Boot irekhodi kwimemori. I-BIOS idlulisela ukulawula kwiprogram kwi-MBR ekuye ilayishe iOOSSYS. Le fayile yokugqibela ixanduva lokulayisha intsalela yesistimu yokusebenza .
Yintoni i-Virtual Sector Boot?
I-virus ye-boot yegciwane yecandelo elichaphazela isigaba sokuqala, oko kukuthi icandelo lebhokisi lokuqala , i-floppy disk okanye i-hard drive. Iigciwane zecandelo le-Boot zingaphathisa i-MBR. Intsholongwane yokuqala ye-PC kwintlango yayiyiBrain, igciwane lesigqirha se-boot elibonakalisa iindlela zobuqhetseba ukuze kugweme ukufunyanwa. Ubunjalo buye buguqula iileyibha yevolumu ye disk drive.
Indlela Yokugwema I-Virtual Sector Boot
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iintsholongwane ezinokusuleleka kunye neziganeko zokutshatyalaliswa kwecandelo le-boot zivela kwi-diskettes "ezabelwana" kunye nezicelo zeeprosoft software. Kulula ukukhusela ii-virus ze-boot kwicandelo. Uninzi lwasasazeka xa abasebenzisi bengayishiyi disk diski kwi-drive-eyenzekayo ukuba banesifo segciwane lesibini . Ngexesha elizayo xa beqala iPC yabo, intsholongwane ichaphazela ukuqhuba kwendawo. Zininzi iinkqubo zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba batshintshe ulandelelwano lwebhodi ukwenzela ukuba inkqubo ihlale izama ukuqala kuqala kwi-drive yendawo yangoku (C: \) okanye i-CD-ROM drive.
Ukuxhatshazwa kweNtsholongwane yeeNtsholongwane
Ukulungiswa kwecandelo leBoot kufezekiswe ngokusetyenziswa kwesofthiwe ye- antivirus . Ngenxa yokuba ezinye ii-virus ze-boot zegciwane zifakela i-MBR, ukususwa okungafanelekanga kunokubangela ukuba kuqhutywe idrayivu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unentsholongwane yintsholongwane echaphazeleke kuphela kwicandelo le-boot kwaye ayikho igciwane le-encrypting, umyalelo we-DOS SYS ungasetyenziselwa ukubuyisela icandelo lokuqala. Ukongezelela, umyalelo we-DOS LABEL ungasetyenziselwa ukubuyisela ileyibhile yevolumu eyonakalisiweyo kunye ne-FDISK / MBR izakufaka endaweni ye-MBR. Akukho nanye kwezi ndlela kunconywa, nangona kunjalo. I-software ye-Antivirus iyisisombululo esilungileyo sokususa nokuchaneka iintsholongwane zecandelo le-boot ngokusongela okufutshane kwiidatha kunye neifayile.
Ukudala iDisk System
Xa i-disinfecting igciwane lesigqirha se-boot, inkqubo kufuneka isoloko ikhutshwe kwi-disk eyaziwayo yenkqubo. Kwi-PC esekelwe kwi-DOS, i-disk ye-bootable i disk ingadalwa kwindlela ecocekileyo eqhuba i-DOS efanayo njengePC ekhuselwe. Ukusuka kwi-DOS prompt, thayipha:
- SYS C: \ A: \
kwaye cinezela ukungena. Oku kuya kukhupha iifayile zenkqubo kwi-drive yendawo yangoku (C: \) kwi- floppy drive (A: \).
Ukuba i disk ayifomathiwe, ukusetyenziswa kwe-FORMAT / S kuya kufometha i diski kwaye kudluliselwe iifayile eziyimfuneko. Kwiinkqubo zeWindows 3.1x, idisk kufuneka idalwe njengoko ichazwe ngasentla kwi-PC-based DOS. Kwiinkqubo ze-Windows 95/98 / NT, nqakraza Qala | Izicwangciso | IPhaneli yoLawulo | Yongeza / Susa iiNkqubo uze ukhethe ithebhu yokuqalisa iDisk. Emva koko nqakraza "Yenza iDisk". Abasebenzisi beWindows 2000 kufuneka bafake iWindows 2000 CD-ROM kwi-CD-ROM drive, qhafaza Qala | Qalisa kwaye uthayiphe igama le-drive elandelwe yi-bootdisk \ makeboot a: uze uklikhe u-OK. Umzekelo:
- d: \ bootdisk \ makeboot a:
Landela isikrini senza ukuba uqedele ukudala idiski ye-disk. Kuzo zonke iimeko, emva kokudalwa kwidiski ye-bootable disk, i disk kufuneka ibhalwe ngokukhuselekileyo ukukhusela usulelo.